發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-14 20:02

  本文選題：銅鎳　切入點(diǎn)：銅鉛　出處：《合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著汽車(chē)工業(yè)的飛躍發(fā)展和環(huán)保理念的增強(qiáng),對(duì)銅基合金滑動(dòng)軸承材料提出了更加嚴(yán)苛的要求,不僅希望銅基軸承材料無(wú)鉛化,而且還要其具有高的承載能力、抗疲勞特性,以及具有一定的耐高溫和耐腐蝕能力。無(wú)鉛含鎳銅基合金替代傳統(tǒng)彈性鈹青銅材料具有優(yōu)越性,將其作為減摩耐磨材料使用,在耐熱、耐腐蝕特性方面也有一定潛力。本論文選取粉末冶金方法制備無(wú)鉛銅鎳、典型銅鉛雙金屬軸承材料,對(duì)其進(jìn)行了耐熱、耐腐蝕特性以及不同工況下的摩擦學(xué)特性研究,并在微觀分析方法的幫助下對(duì)摩擦磨損機(jī)理和腐蝕機(jī)理進(jìn)行了探討。無(wú)鉛銅鎳軸承材料具有明顯時(shí)效硬化現(xiàn)象,經(jīng)400℃左右加熱后,硬度保持最高,且始終比兩種典型銅鉛材料的硬度大,耐熱性較好。在HDM-20型試驗(yàn)機(jī)上實(shí)施的各種端面摩擦磨損試驗(yàn)表明,低載荷、潤(rùn)滑充分條件下無(wú)鉛銅鎳軸承材料與典型銅鉛軸承材料表現(xiàn)出基本相當(dāng)?shù)哪Σ翆W(xué)性能,但無(wú)鉛銅鎳軸承材料的跑合性稍差,且明顯受載荷和速度的影響。逐級(jí)加載油潤(rùn)滑情況下,無(wú)鉛銅鎳軸承材料隨載荷增大摩擦副率先發(fā)生破壞,減摩、抗粘著性能不如含鉛材料,摩擦磨損過(guò)程中含鉛材料基體中的軟質(zhì)相鉛逐漸在表面形成保護(hù)膜并與潤(rùn)滑油起協(xié)同潤(rùn)滑作用,發(fā)揮出較好的減摩、抗粘著效果。無(wú)鉛銅鎳軸承材料原始軋制表面留有較多孔隙,而兩種銅鉛材料表面孔隙則被第二相鉛所填充；預(yù)浸油工況下無(wú)鉛銅鎳軸承材料表面多孔結(jié)構(gòu)可以?xún)?chǔ)存潤(rùn)滑油,表現(xiàn)出優(yōu)于典型銅鉛材料的摩擦學(xué)性能。無(wú)鉛銅鎳材料經(jīng)劣化油腐蝕,表面形成一層具有保護(hù)性質(zhì)的氧化膜,阻止基體進(jìn)一步遭到破壞,具有較好的耐腐蝕性。銅鉛材料則因減摩、抗粘著組元鉛被選擇性腐蝕溶析,基體組織破壞嚴(yán)重,摩擦磨損性能明顯降低。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of automobile industry and the enhancement of environmental protection concept, more stringent requirements have been put forward for copper-based alloy sliding bearing materials. It is not only hoped that the copper-based bearing materials will be lead-free, but also have high bearing capacity and fatigue resistance. Lead-free nickel-containing copper-based alloy has the advantage of replacing traditional elastic beryllium bronze, which is used as antifriction and wear-resistant material in heat resistance. In this paper, lead-free copper-nickel, typical copper-lead bimetallic bearing materials were prepared by powder metallurgy, and the heat resistance, corrosion resistance and tribological properties of the bearing materials under different working conditions were studied. The friction and wear mechanism and corrosion mechanism of lead-free copper-nickel bearing materials were discussed with the help of micro-analysis method. The hardness of lead-free copper-nickel bearing materials remained the highest after heating at about 400 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：1612694