本文選題：高速泵　切入點(diǎn)：復(fù)合葉輪　出處：《揚(yáng)州大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：低比轉(zhuǎn)速高速離心泵具有小流量、高揚(yáng)程、結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊等特點(diǎn),被廣泛應(yīng)用于石油化工、航空航天等領(lǐng)域。但因其轉(zhuǎn)速高,所以其內(nèi)部流動(dòng)與常見(jiàn)離心泵存在較大差異,如:在葉片吸力面易產(chǎn)生尾跡流,而壓力面易出現(xiàn)射流等。高速泵的內(nèi)外特性研究—直是流體機(jī)械領(lǐng)域重點(diǎn)研究課題。本文結(jié)合流量Qd=10m3/h、揚(yáng)程H=410m、轉(zhuǎn)速n = 8500r/min,比轉(zhuǎn)速ns=18的高速泵的復(fù)合葉輪、蝸殼、誘導(dǎo)輪水力設(shè)計(jì),利用三維湍流數(shù)值模擬方法,基于ANSYS CFX軟件平臺(tái),對(duì)設(shè)計(jì)的高速離心泵進(jìn)行全流道三維定常和非定常仿真計(jì)算,探索了高速離心泵內(nèi)外特性的規(guī)律。研究得出了葉輪、蝸殼和誘導(dǎo)輪內(nèi)的速度、壓力分布特征,數(shù)值模擬預(yù)測(cè)水泵的外特性以及隔舌處的壓力脈動(dòng)特性。主要工作如下:(1)利用速度系數(shù)法和加大流量法,設(shè)計(jì)了流量Qd=10m3/h、揚(yáng)程H = 410m、轉(zhuǎn)速n = 8500r/min,比轉(zhuǎn)速ns=18的高速泵的復(fù)合葉輪、蝸殼和等螺距誘導(dǎo)輪。(2)利用PRO/E和GAMBIT軟件對(duì)離心泵的進(jìn)水管、復(fù)合葉輪、蝸殼及等螺距誘導(dǎo)輪等過(guò)流部件進(jìn)行三維建模,運(yùn)用非結(jié)構(gòu)化網(wǎng)格離散過(guò)流部件計(jì)算域。(3)為探求轉(zhuǎn)速變化對(duì)離心泵內(nèi)部流動(dòng)影響,基于雷諾時(shí)均N-S控制方程和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的k-ε湍流模型,利用ANSYSCFX軟件,數(shù)值模擬了設(shè)計(jì)流量下6種不同轉(zhuǎn)速的水泵內(nèi)部流動(dòng),比較分析了轉(zhuǎn)速對(duì)葉輪內(nèi)靜壓和相對(duì)速度分布規(guī)律的影響。(4)針對(duì)設(shè)計(jì)轉(zhuǎn)速n = 8500r/min,數(shù)值模擬離心泵高速運(yùn)行在小流量0.4Qd、設(shè)計(jì)流量1.0Qd和大流量1.3Qd三種工況下的內(nèi)外特性,研究得到了不同流量下復(fù)合葉輪內(nèi)部壓力場(chǎng)、速度場(chǎng)及蝸殼隔舌處的靜壓力場(chǎng)分布,數(shù)模預(yù)測(cè)高速泵的能量特性。(5)對(duì)帶前置誘導(dǎo)輪的高速離心泵進(jìn)行了三維定常數(shù)湍流值模擬,得出了小流量0.4Qd、設(shè)計(jì)流量1.0Qd和大流量1.3Qd三種工況的內(nèi)外特性,對(duì)比了不同流量下誘導(dǎo)輪、葉輪的靜壓場(chǎng)和相對(duì)速度場(chǎng)分布;分析了前置誘導(dǎo)對(duì)水泵能量特性的影響。(6)數(shù)值模擬了帶前置誘導(dǎo)輪的高速離心泵蝸殼與葉輪耦合非定常流動(dòng),得到了蝸殼隔舌處3個(gè)不同監(jiān)測(cè)點(diǎn),在小流量0.4Qd、設(shè)計(jì)流量1.0Qd和大流量1.3Qd三種工況下的壓力脈動(dòng)規(guī)律,對(duì)比分析了它們的時(shí)域特性和頻域特性。(7)數(shù)值模擬了帶前置誘導(dǎo)輪的高速離心泵葉輪葉柵及子午面上的空化情況,并就偏離設(shè)計(jì)點(diǎn)工況下誘導(dǎo)輪對(duì)泵汽蝕余量的影響進(jìn)行了預(yù)測(cè)。
[Abstract]:Low specific speed and high speed centrifugal pump is widely used in petrochemical, aerospace and other fields because of its small flow rate, high head and compact structure. However, because of its high speed, its internal flow is quite different from that of common centrifugal pump. For example, wake flow is easily produced on the suction surface of the blade, The internal and external characteristics of high speed pump is a key research topic in fluid machinery field. In this paper, the hydraulic design of compound impeller, volute and induction wheel of high speed pump with flow rate QD 10m / h, head H = 410m, rotational speed n = 8500rr / min, specific speed ns=18, is introduced. Based on the ANSYS CFX software platform, the three-dimensional steady and unsteady simulation of the designed high-speed centrifugal pump is carried out by using the three-dimensional turbulent numerical simulation method, and the internal and external characteristics of the high-speed centrifugal pump are explored, and the impeller is obtained. The velocity, pressure distribution, numerical simulation and prediction of the external characteristics of the pump and the pressure pulsation of the tongue in the volute and the inducer wheel. The main work is as follows: 1) using the velocity coefficient method and the method of increasing the flow rate, The compound impeller of high speed pump with specific speed ns=18, volute and equal pitch inducer are designed by using PRO/E and GAMBIT software. The inlet pipe and compound impeller of centrifugal pump are designed by using PRO/E and GAMBIT software, the flow rate is 10m3 / h, the head H = 410m, the rotational speed n = 8500rr / min, the compound impeller of high speed pump with specific speed ns=18. The three-dimensional model of volute and equal pitch inducer is used to study the effect of speed change on the flow in centrifugal pump by using unstructured grid discrete flow unit. Based on the Reynolds time-averaged N-S governing equation and the standard k- 蔚 turbulence model, the internal flow of the pump with six different rotational speeds under the designed flow rate is numerically simulated by using ANSYSCFX software. This paper compares and analyzes the influence of rotating speed on the static pressure and relative velocity distribution of impeller. According to the design speed n = 8500 r / min, the numerical simulation of the internal and external characteristics of centrifugal pump under three working conditions: small flow rate 0.4Qd, design flow rate 1.0Qd and large flow rate 1.3Qd, is carried out. The internal pressure field, velocity field and static pressure field distribution at the tongue of the volute are obtained at different flow rates. The numerical model is used to predict the energy characteristics of the high speed pump. (5) the three dimensional constant turbulence value of the high speed centrifugal pump with the leading inducer is simulated. The internal and external characteristics of small flow rate 0.4Qd, design flow rate 1.0Qd and large flow rate 1.3Qd are obtained, and the distribution of static pressure field and relative velocity field of induction wheel and impeller under different flow rates are compared. The influence of leading inducement on pump energy characteristics is analyzed. Numerical simulation of the coupling unsteady flow between volute and impeller of high speed centrifugal pump with leading inductor wheel is carried out, and three different monitoring points at the tongue of volute are obtained. When the flow rate is 0.4Qd, the pressure fluctuation law is obtained under three working conditions, namely, the design flow rate of 1.0Qd and the large flow rate of 1.3Qd. The numerical simulation of cavitation on the cascade and meridian of high speed centrifugal pump impeller with leading inducer is carried out by comparing their time-domain and frequency-domain characteristics. The influence of the inducer on the cavitation margin of the pump is forecasted when it deviates from the design point.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：揚(yáng)州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TH311

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