青島市外商直接投資產(chǎn)業(yè)選擇研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-04-24 07:26
【摘要】：二十世紀(jì)八十年代，隨著全球經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化趨勢(shì)日益增強(qiáng)和國(guó)際分工的不斷深化，國(guó)際間資本流動(dòng)加速，生產(chǎn)要素跨國(guó)流動(dòng)的自由化程度越來(lái)越高，這預(yù)示著世界經(jīng)濟(jì)步入了一個(gè)新的發(fā)展階段。外資作為經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)中最活躍、最重要的因素，在經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展中扮演著越來(lái)越重要的角色，甚至成為發(fā)展中國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)起飛和持續(xù)增長(zhǎng)的主要推動(dòng)力量之一。然而，經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展不僅是總產(chǎn)出持續(xù)的增長(zhǎng)，還對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)的不斷優(yōu)化變遷提出了更高的要求。產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)又是經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)最重要的組成部分，產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的優(yōu)化升級(jí)是推動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)不可或缺的因素。經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化浪潮中，產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的變動(dòng)除了自身因素的影響外，還受到與外部經(jīng)濟(jì)因素的干擾，比如國(guó)際貿(mào)易、國(guó)際金融和外商直接投資等。其中，外商直接投資（FDI）是影響產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)變動(dòng)的重要外部因素。 作為我國(guó)第一批沿海開(kāi)放城市之一的青島，是山東省內(nèi)吸收外資最多的城市。三十多年來(lái)，青島市利用外商直接投資已經(jīng)形成了全方位、多層次、寬領(lǐng)域的引資格局，取得了巨大的成績(jī)。外商直接投資已經(jīng)成為促進(jìn)青島經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)、增加收入和擴(kuò)大就業(yè)的重要因素。通過(guò)利用外資，青島市引進(jìn)了大量的資金、技術(shù)和先進(jìn)的管理經(jīng)驗(yàn)，并由此促進(jìn)了當(dāng)?shù)禺a(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)水平的提高和調(diào)整，有力的促進(jìn)了青島的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。 但是，在引進(jìn)外資促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的同時(shí)，也不可避免的存在著不容忽視的負(fù)面效應(yīng)，比如：外商直接投資的行業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)和產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)不合理,投向第二產(chǎn)業(yè)的比重過(guò)大；引進(jìn)項(xiàng)目多為勞動(dòng)密集型產(chǎn)業(yè)，技術(shù)含量低，且存在低水平重復(fù)引進(jìn)和建設(shè)等問(wèn)題；一些外商將污染性產(chǎn)業(yè)以及淘汰的技術(shù)、設(shè)備和生產(chǎn)工藝等轉(zhuǎn)移，對(duì)生態(tài)環(huán)境造成不利影響。并且從全國(guó)來(lái)看，目前我國(guó)吸引外資已經(jīng)從80年代大規(guī)模、無(wú)選擇或少選擇、重?cái)?shù)量階段轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)楦咚健⒅剡x擇、講質(zhì)量的階段。綜上所述，作為山東省甚至全國(guó)對(duì)外開(kāi)放的主要窗口，分析青島市外商直接投資的產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)，研究如何利用外商直接投資促進(jìn)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化升級(jí)，，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)青島市經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)全面協(xié)調(diào)可持續(xù)發(fā)展，就具有十分重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。 本文在全力建設(shè)山東半島藍(lán)色經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)的背景下，針對(duì)青島市的具體情況，對(duì)引進(jìn)外資進(jìn)行甄別和分析，研究青島市利用外資的戰(zhàn)略目標(biāo)、戰(zhàn)略方向和產(chǎn)業(yè)選擇等，具體指出優(yōu)先引進(jìn)哪些產(chǎn)業(yè)、禁止引進(jìn)哪些產(chǎn)業(yè)，為相關(guān)部門制定利用外資政策提供參考。
[Abstract]:In the 1980s, with the increasing trend of global economic integration and the deepening of the international division of labor, international capital flows accelerated, and the degree of liberalization of cross-border flows of factors of production became more and more high. This indicates that the world economy has entered a new stage of development. As the most active and important factor in economic activities, foreign capital plays a more and more important role in economic development, and even becomes one of the main driving forces of developing countries' economic take-off and sustained growth. However, the development of economy is not only the continuous growth of total output, but also puts forward higher requirements for the continuous optimization and change of economic structure. Industrial structure is also the most important part of economic structure, the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure is an indispensable factor to promote economic growth. In the tide of economic globalization, the change of industrial structure is not only influenced by its own factors, but also interfered with external economic factors, such as international trade, international finance and foreign direct investment. Among them, the foreign direct investment (FDI) is the important external factor which affects the industrial structure change. Qingdao, one of the first coastal open cities in China, is the city with the largest amount of foreign investment in Shandong Province. In the past three decades, Qingdao has made great achievements in attracting foreign investment in all-round, multi-level and wide fields. Foreign direct investment has become an important factor to promote economic growth, increase income and expand employment in Qingdao. Through the use of foreign capital, Qingdao has introduced a lot of capital, technology and advanced management experience, and thus promoted the improvement and adjustment of the local industrial technology level, and effectively promoted the economic development of Qingdao. However, while introducing foreign capital to promote economic development, there are inevitable negative effects that can not be ignored. For example: the industrial structure and industrial structure of foreign direct investment is unreasonable, the proportion to the secondary industry is too large; Most of the imported projects are labor-intensive industries with low technical content and problems such as low-level repeated introduction and construction. Some foreign investors will transfer polluting industries, technologies, equipment and production processes, which will adversely affect the ecological environment. And from the national point of view, at present, our country has attracted foreign capital from the 80's large-scale, no choice or little choice, heavy quantity stage to high level, emphasis on choice, emphasis on the quality of the stage. In summary, as the main window of Shandong Province and even the whole country, this paper analyzes the characteristics of the industrial structure of foreign direct investment in Qingdao, and studies how to use foreign direct investment to promote the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure. Thus, it is of great practical significance to realize the overall coordinated and sustainable development of Qingdao's economy and society. Under the background of constructing the blue economic zone of Shandong Peninsula, this paper discriminates and analyzes the introduction of foreign capital according to the specific situation of Qingdao City, and studies the strategic target, strategic direction and industrial choice of Qingdao City's utilization of foreign capital, and so on. It points out which industries are first introduced and which industries are forbidden to be introduced, which provides reference for the relevant departments to formulate policies on the utilization of foreign capital.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：F832.6;F127
本文編號(hào)：2464248
[Abstract]:In the 1980s, with the increasing trend of global economic integration and the deepening of the international division of labor, international capital flows accelerated, and the degree of liberalization of cross-border flows of factors of production became more and more high. This indicates that the world economy has entered a new stage of development. As the most active and important factor in economic activities, foreign capital plays a more and more important role in economic development, and even becomes one of the main driving forces of developing countries' economic take-off and sustained growth. However, the development of economy is not only the continuous growth of total output, but also puts forward higher requirements for the continuous optimization and change of economic structure. Industrial structure is also the most important part of economic structure, the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure is an indispensable factor to promote economic growth. In the tide of economic globalization, the change of industrial structure is not only influenced by its own factors, but also interfered with external economic factors, such as international trade, international finance and foreign direct investment. Among them, the foreign direct investment (FDI) is the important external factor which affects the industrial structure change. Qingdao, one of the first coastal open cities in China, is the city with the largest amount of foreign investment in Shandong Province. In the past three decades, Qingdao has made great achievements in attracting foreign investment in all-round, multi-level and wide fields. Foreign direct investment has become an important factor to promote economic growth, increase income and expand employment in Qingdao. Through the use of foreign capital, Qingdao has introduced a lot of capital, technology and advanced management experience, and thus promoted the improvement and adjustment of the local industrial technology level, and effectively promoted the economic development of Qingdao. However, while introducing foreign capital to promote economic development, there are inevitable negative effects that can not be ignored. For example: the industrial structure and industrial structure of foreign direct investment is unreasonable, the proportion to the secondary industry is too large; Most of the imported projects are labor-intensive industries with low technical content and problems such as low-level repeated introduction and construction. Some foreign investors will transfer polluting industries, technologies, equipment and production processes, which will adversely affect the ecological environment. And from the national point of view, at present, our country has attracted foreign capital from the 80's large-scale, no choice or little choice, heavy quantity stage to high level, emphasis on choice, emphasis on the quality of the stage. In summary, as the main window of Shandong Province and even the whole country, this paper analyzes the characteristics of the industrial structure of foreign direct investment in Qingdao, and studies how to use foreign direct investment to promote the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure. Thus, it is of great practical significance to realize the overall coordinated and sustainable development of Qingdao's economy and society. Under the background of constructing the blue economic zone of Shandong Peninsula, this paper discriminates and analyzes the introduction of foreign capital according to the specific situation of Qingdao City, and studies the strategic target, strategic direction and industrial choice of Qingdao City's utilization of foreign capital, and so on. It points out which industries are first introduced and which industries are forbidden to be introduced, which provides reference for the relevant departments to formulate policies on the utilization of foreign capital.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：F832.6;F127
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