本文選題：非洲阿拉伯國家 + 馬格里布聯(lián)盟��； 參考：《吉林大學(xué)》2013年博士論文

【摘要】：阿拉伯馬格里布聯(lián)盟位于非洲的北部，成立于1989年2月17日。馬格里布是一個專有的地理名稱，阿拉伯語意為“西方”，是歷史上對北非地區(qū)阿爾及利亞、摩洛哥和突尼斯的統(tǒng)稱。大馬格里布除上述三國外還包括毛里塔尼亞和利比亞兩國。該地區(qū)同屬阿拉伯民族，人口近6000萬。目前有5個成員，分別是阿爾及利亞、利比亞、毛里塔尼亞、摩洛哥和突尼斯。馬盟五國的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展水平在非洲屬于中上等水平，但是相對于全球來說仍然屬于較低水平，五國的年平均經(jīng)濟增長率均為超過10%。2011年，突尼斯經(jīng)濟增長率為5.3%、毛里塔尼亞經(jīng)濟增長率4.7%，阿爾及利亞的經(jīng)濟增長率為3.8%。① 馬格里布聯(lián)盟國家的外交政策都是睦鄰友好、中立不結(jié)盟的外交政策，政策主要強調(diào)外交的務(wù)實、平衡以及溫和的國際關(guān)系效果。馬格里布聯(lián)盟國家主張建立公正、公平以及合理的國際政治經(jīng)濟新秩序。這一外交政策反應(yīng)出了他們的伊斯蘭、阿拉伯以及非洲的性質(zhì)。馬格里布聯(lián)盟國家注重同歐盟以及美國的發(fā)展關(guān)系。近年來，不斷推進建設(shè)與歐盟的自由貿(mào)易區(qū)。截止到目前，馬盟成員國突尼斯已經(jīng)于世界上的130多個國家建立了正常的外交關(guān)系。馬格里布聯(lián)盟5國與法國、意大利、西班牙、葡萄牙和馬耳他5國于1990年11月建立“5+5”對話關(guān)系，目的是加強彼此之間的合作，促進發(fā)展，維護西地中海地區(qū)的和平與安全。1990年11月（羅馬）和1991年10月（阿爾及爾）舉行了兩次外長會議，后因洛克比事件和西撒問題，雙方對話中斷。隨著洛克比問題的解決，“5+5”第三次、第四次外長會議相繼于2001年1月（里斯本）、2002年5月（的黎波里）舉行。馬盟的第20次外長理事會表示，歡迎2003年在突尼斯舉行西地中海國家與馬格里布國家“5+5”首腦會議和在利比亞舉行“5+5”國家議長會議。①可見，馬盟五國最大的貿(mào)易伙伴是歐盟國家，但是，近年來，馬盟國家與中國的經(jīng)貿(mào)往來也比較頻繁，中國對馬盟地區(qū)的投資力度逐年加大。2011年，中國已經(jīng)成為馬盟成員國馬里塔尼亞的最大貿(mào)易伙伴，同時，也是阿爾及利亞國家等其他成員國的主要貿(mào)易伙伴。雖然馬格里布聯(lián)盟國家的經(jīng)貿(mào)發(fā)展水平遠遠超過了過去的十年，但是依然存在很多嚴(yán)重的制約因素與不足。 筆者將論文分為三個部分、七個章節(jié)，對阿拉伯馬格里布兩盟國家的經(jīng)貿(mào)發(fā)展問題進行了研究與探討。第一部分是緒論部分，分別介紹了該論文的選題背景與寫作意義，并分析了相關(guān)的文獻綜述，對相關(guān)文獻綜述的優(yōu)缺點發(fā)表了自己的意見，在緒論中，筆者還對整篇論文的寫作思路、結(jié)構(gòu)和寫作方法進行了闡述，并客觀分析了論文中存在的創(chuàng)新與不足之處；從第二章到第七章是論文的正論部分，在第二章里，筆者對區(qū)域經(jīng)濟發(fā)展理論進行了研究，馬格里布聯(lián)盟國家作為一個區(qū)域經(jīng)濟體，要發(fā)展與他國的經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系以及自身的經(jīng)濟水平，必須以良好的區(qū)域經(jīng)濟發(fā)展理論作為指導(dǎo)，筆者在這一章中分別對區(qū)域平衡理論、區(qū)域經(jīng)濟不平衡理論、區(qū)域分工理論、增長極理論以及積累因果理論進行了研究；在第三章中，筆者分別對馬格里布聯(lián)盟的五個國家進行了經(jīng)濟發(fā)展研究，對馬格里布聯(lián)盟國家經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的歷史與現(xiàn)狀進行了分析，并探討了馬格里布聯(lián)盟國家經(jīng)濟發(fā)展存在的問題；第四章是論文的重中之重的內(nèi)容，，在這一章里，筆者分別對馬格里布聯(lián)盟國家的對外貿(mào)易發(fā)展歷史以及對外貿(mào)易發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀進行了分析，分別以具有代表性的阿拉伯國家、歐美國家以及中國進行了貿(mào)易關(guān)系研究；第五章筆者對馬格里布聯(lián)盟國家經(jīng)貿(mào)發(fā)展的影響因素進行了詳細(xì)研究，分別研究了有利于馬格里布聯(lián)盟國家經(jīng)貿(mào)發(fā)展的因素以及阻礙馬格里布聯(lián)盟國家發(fā)展的因素。其中，有利因素包括能源資源豐富、市場開發(fā)潛力大等；不利因素包括政治因素不穩(wěn)經(jīng)濟發(fā)展水平落后、基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施條件差、貿(mào)易結(jié)構(gòu)單一等；第六章筆者針對第五章分析得出不利因素，給出相應(yīng)的建議和發(fā)展馬盟對外貿(mào)易的對策，如穩(wěn)定馬盟各國政治局勢、加強經(jīng)濟改革、提高經(jīng)濟水平、加強基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)、改善交通環(huán)境、擴大對外貿(mào)易開放程度以及大力吸引外資投入等；通過上述的研究分析，筆者對馬格里布聯(lián)盟國家同阿拉伯國家、一些歐美國家以及中國的經(jīng)貿(mào)發(fā)展前景進行了預(yù)測分析，從全球經(jīng)濟發(fā)展趨勢來看，馬格里布聯(lián)盟國家的經(jīng)貿(mào)發(fā)展情況將會轉(zhuǎn)好，經(jīng)濟發(fā)展水平也會穩(wěn)定提高，對外貿(mào)易額也將有很大的增長；最后是論文的結(jié)論部分，筆者在結(jié)論中總結(jié)了整篇論文闡述的觀點，并敘述了在論文中尚未分析到的問題和不足之處，以便在以后的研究繼續(xù)改進。
[Abstract]:The Maghreb Union in Arabia, located in the north of Africa, was founded in February 17, 1989. The Maghreb is a proprietary geographical name. The Arabic meaning "the west" is a history of the North African region of Algeria, Morocco and Tunisia. The grand Maghreb, except the three countries, also includes Mauritania and Libya. The region belongs to the Arabia ethnic group, with a population of nearly 60 million. At present, there are 5 members, namely, Algeria, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco and Tunisia. The economic development level of the five countries is in the middle and upper level in Africa, but it is still lower than the global level, and the average annual economic growth rate of the five countries is all super. Through 10%.2011, Tunisia's economic growth rate was 5.3%, and Mauritania's economic growth rate was 4.7%, and Algeria's economic growth rate was 3.8%..
The foreign policy of the Maghreb Union countries is good neighborly and friendly, neutral and non aligned foreign policy. The policy mainly emphasizes the pragmatic, balanced and moderate effects of international relations. The Maghreb countries advocate a fair, fair and reasonable new international political and economic order. This foreign policy reacts their Iraq. The Maghreb Union countries focus on the development relations with the EU and the United States. In recent years, the United States has been promoting the construction of the free trade zone with the European Union. Up to now, Tunisia has established regular diplomatic relations in the more than 130 countries of the world. The Maghreb Union has 5 countries and France. The 5 countries of Italy, Spain, Portugal and Malta established the "5+5" dialogue in November 1990, with the aim of strengthening cooperation between each other, promoting development and maintaining peace and security in the western Mediterranean region, in November (Rome) and October 1991 (Algiers), for the two foreign ministers' meeting, followed by the Lockerbie incident and the saesar issue. With the resolution of the question of Lockerbie, with the resolution of the Lockerbie problem, the third time of "5+5" and the fourth foreign ministers' meeting were held in January 2001 (Lisbon) and May 2002 (Tripoli). The twentieth foreign ministers' Council of the Ma League said that the "5+5" summit of the western Mediterranean countries and the Maghreb state was held in Tunisia and the Libya was held in Libya in Tunisia. According to the meeting of the president of the "5+5" state speaker. (1) the largest trade partner of the five countries of the Ma League is the EU country. However, in recent years, the economic and trade exchanges between the Ma League and China are relatively frequent. China has increased its investment in the MA Meng region by.2011 year by year, and China has become the largest trading partner of the maitania, a member of the Ma League. The major trading partners of other member countries such as Algeria countries, although the level of economic and trade development of the Maghreb Union has far exceeded the past ten years, there are still many serious constraints and shortcomings.
The thesis is divided into three parts and seven chapters. The paper studies and discusses the economic and trade development of the Arabia Maghreb two league countries. The first part is the introduction part. It introduces the background and writing significance of the thesis, and analyses the related literature review, and has published its own advantages and disadvantages. In the introduction, the author also expounds the ideas, structure and writing methods of the whole paper, and objectively analyzes the innovation and deficiency in the thesis. From the second to the seventh, the author is the main part of the thesis. In the second chapter, the author has studied the theory of regional economic development, and the Maghreb alliance state. For a regional economy, in order to develop economic and trade relations with other countries and its own economic level, the theory of regional economic development must be guided. In this chapter, the author studies the theory of regional balance, regional economic imbalance, regional division of labor, growth pole theory and the theory of accumulation and effect. In the third chapter, the author studies the economic development of the five countries of the Maghreb alliance, analyzes the history and present situation of the national economic development of the Maghreb alliance, and discusses the problems of the national economic development of the Maghreb alliance. The fourth chapter is the most important content of the paper. In this chapter, the author is respectively The history of the foreign trade development of the Maghreb Union countries and the current situation of foreign trade development are analyzed. The trade relations study is carried out with representative Arabia, European and American countries as well as China. The fifth chapter makes a detailed study on the factors affecting the economic and trade development of the Maghreb alliance. The factors which are beneficial to the economic and trade development of the Maghreb Union and the factors that impede the development of the Maghreb Union countries include abundant energy resources and great potential for market development, and the unfavorable factors include the backward economic development level of political factors, poor infrastructure conditions, and the single trade structure, and the sixth chapter. In the fifth chapter, the author gives the unfavorable factors, and gives the corresponding suggestions and Countermeasures to develop the foreign trade of the Ma League, such as stabilizing the political situation of the countries of the Ma League, strengthening the economic reform, improving the economic level, strengthening the construction of the infrastructure, improving the traffic environment, expanding the opening of foreign trade and attracting foreign investment. The author makes an analysis of the economic and trade development prospects of the Maghreb alliance countries, the Arabia countries, some European countries and China. From the global economic development trend, the economic and trade development of the Maghreb Union will be better, the economic development level will also be steadily improved, and the foreign trade volume will also be very good. The last is the conclusion of the paper. In the conclusion, the author summarizes the views of the whole paper, and describes the problems and shortcomings that have not been analyzed in the paper so that the future research will continue to improve.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F114.46

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