發(fā)布時間：2018-04-10 09:00

  本文選題：城市空間形態(tài)　切入點：緊湊型城市　出處：《中國科學技術大學》2013年博士論文

【摘要】：中國目前正面臨著城市化道路轉型和低碳發(fā)展的雙重壓力：一方面粗放式的城市化發(fā)展模式帶來了諸多問題;另一方面城市居民生活能耗不斷攀升,已成為碳排放的重要來源。這兩個問題間存在著密切的關聯(lián)：城市空間形態(tài)作為城市化的空間結果,通過影響居民的住宅選擇和交通選擇等,進而影響居民能耗及生活碳排放,通過調(diào)節(jié)城市空間形態(tài)要素的配置,如城市密度、緊湊度、土地利用結構等,可以有效降低居民生活碳排放。但不同城市空間形態(tài)對于居民生活碳排放的影響機制不同,需要科學分析城市空間形態(tài)的類型和特征、對居民生活碳排放的不同影響作用等問題,才能因地制宜的制定相應策略,達到城市減排降碳的目的。本文進行城市空間形態(tài)對居民生活碳排放影響的實證研究,以中國219個地級市為實證對象,對城市空間形態(tài)進行定量化描述并分類,研究不同城市空間形態(tài)對于居民生活碳排放的不同影響作用,并提出從城市空間形態(tài)優(yōu)化角度,陶低居民生活碳排放的策略選擇以及中國目前城市空間形態(tài)可能的演進方向,以期為建立“低碳城市”和實現(xiàn)“新型城鎮(zhèn)化”發(fā)展提供理論和實踐的參考。 本文的主要研究內(nèi)容包括： 1.構建中國城市空間形態(tài)識別模型(CUF)。本文選擇從城市用地的結構和功能視角定義城市空間形態(tài),通過對城市發(fā)展理論和實踐的回顧,識別能夠反映城市空間形態(tài)特征的關鍵性指標,構建中國城市空間形態(tài)識別模型(CUF)。CUF模型既是本文分析的基礎,同時也可以為其他從城市空間形態(tài)和城市問題的研究提供借鑒和參考。 2.實證測度中國城市空間形態(tài)的主要類型和特征。基于CUF模型,以中國219個地級市為研究對象,以自組織特征映射網(wǎng)絡(SOFM)為研究方法,將中國主要城市空間形態(tài)分為5類,并對不同類型城市空間形態(tài)的主要特征進行分析,對中國城市空間形態(tài)的現(xiàn)狀進行總結歸納。 3.構建城市空間形態(tài)對居民生活碳排放影響機制模型�；谇叭说难芯砍晒�,構建城市空間形態(tài)對居民生活碳排放影響的分析框架,揭示城市空間形態(tài)通過影響居民的交通選擇和住宅選擇,進而影響居民生活碳排放這一一般性規(guī)律；通過構建概念模型,分析城市空間形態(tài)要素中的城市密度、城市緊湊度和城市用地多樣性,是如何決定居民交通選擇的；通過構建數(shù)理模型,分析城市空間形態(tài)是如何通過交通費用和住宅費用間的“替代關系”決定居民住宅選擇的。 4.實證研究中國城市空間形態(tài)對居民生活碳排放的影響作用。以中國219個地級市為研究對象,通過建立回歸模型,實證研究中國城市空間形態(tài)對居民生活碳排放的影響作用；實證分析5類不同城市空間形態(tài)對居民生活碳排放影響作用的差異性,識別不同城市空間形態(tài)對居民生活碳排放影響的關鍵因素,為政策建議的提出提供依據(jù)。 5.提出面向低碳的城市空間形態(tài)優(yōu)化策略。探討如何通過建立緊湊和多功能城市、發(fā)展公交主導的交通體系、構建城市綠地系統(tǒng)等政策工具,來實現(xiàn)中國城市居民生活碳排放的源頭控制、過程控制和結果控制；基于研究結果,提出以低碳發(fā)展為目標,中國目前5種城市空間形態(tài)可能的演進模式。
[Abstract]:Double pressure China is currently facing a city road transformation and low carbon development: city development pattern has extensive brought many problems; on the other hand, the rising energy consumption of city residents, has become an important source of carbon emissions. Between the two problems are closely linked: the space of city space as a form of the City, through the influence of residential and traffic selection, thereby affecting the residents living energy consumption and carbon emissions, by adjusting the elements of city space form configuration, such as city density, compactness, land use structure, can effectively reduce the carbon emissions of life residents. But the mechanism of different city spatial form for residents the life of carbon emissions, we must scientifically analyze the types and characteristics of city space form, the life of residents of different carbon emissions influence function, can to Should make corresponding strategies, achieve City carbon emission reduction objective. The empirical study of influence of city spatial form on the lives of the residents of carbon emissions, to Chinese 219 cities as the research object, the quantitative description and classification of city space, city spatial form of different effects on carbon emissions of residents living, and put forward the optimization of the city spatial form angle, strategy choice of low carbon living pottery and Chinese present city space form possible evolution direction, in order to establish a "low-carbon city" and "new urbanization" development to provide theoretical and practical reference.
The main contents of this paper are as follows:
1. building space form recognition model China city (CUF). This paper chooses land structure and function from the perspective of the definition of city space form from the city, through the review of city development theory and practice, identify key indicators can reflect the characteristics of city space form and building space form recognition of city China model (CUF) based.CUF model this is not only, but also for other research from the form and the city space problem and provide the reference.
2. empirical measure Chinese city space form of main types and characteristics. Based on the CUF model, to China 219 cities as the research object, the self-organizing feature map network (SOFM) as the research method, the main China city space form is divided into 5 categories, and the main characteristics of different types of city spatial morphology analysis Chinese, status of the city space form is summarized.
3. to construct the influence mechanism model of city spatial morphology on the lives of the residents of carbon emissions. Based on the previous research results, analysis framework of city spatial form influence on the lives of the residents of carbon emissions, revealing the city space form through the influence of transportation choice and residential residents choice, then affect the living carbon emissions of the general law; by constructing the concept model analysis of elements of city space form of city density, city compactness and city land use diversity, is how to determine the choice of residents traffic; by constructing mathematical model, analysis of city spatial form is how the cost of transportation and housing costs between "alternative relationship" decided to residential choice.
An empirical study of 4. Chinese city space form impact on the lives of the residents of carbon emissions. Chinese in 219 cities as the research object, through the establishment of regression model, an empirical study on China city spatial form on the impact of living carbon emissions; empirical analysis of 5 different types of city space form differences in the impact on residents life effect of carbon emissions and the key factors affecting the identification of different city spatial morphology on the lives of the residents of carbon emissions, providing a basis for policy recommendations.
5. put forward the optimization strategy for low carbon city spatial form. To explore how to build a compact and multifunctional City, the development of public transport leading transportation system, construction of city green space system and other policy tools, to achieve control of the source China city residents living on carbon emissions, process control and outcome control; based on the results of the study, put forward to low-carbon development as the goal, China currently 5 kinds of city spatial form evolution mode.

【學位授予單位】：中國科學技術大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：X321;F124;F224

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