本文關(guān)鍵詞：農(nóng)發(fā)行吉林省分行信貸風(fēng)險(xiǎn)防范研究　出處：《吉林大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

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【摘要】：中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展銀行（以下簡(jiǎn)稱農(nóng)發(fā)行）是1994年成立的國(guó)有政策性銀行，其業(yè)務(wù)范圍是根據(jù)國(guó)家的產(chǎn)業(yè)政策和金融政策，籌集資金，承擔(dān)國(guó)家政策性支農(nóng)任務(wù)，辦理糧棉油儲(chǔ)備的政策性貸款，在國(guó)家監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)批準(zhǔn)的業(yè)務(wù)范圍內(nèi)開(kāi)辦商業(yè)性業(yè)務(wù)，代理財(cái)政性支農(nóng)資金的撥付。吉林省分行隨總行同時(shí)成立，農(nóng)發(fā)行成立以來(lái)，業(yè)務(wù)范圍經(jīng)過(guò)多次調(diào)整，業(yè)務(wù)性質(zhì)也隨之變化，其中主體業(yè)務(wù)“糧食收購(gòu)貸款”就從政策性業(yè)務(wù)調(diào)整為商業(yè)性業(yè)務(wù)，但因糧食收購(gòu)的特殊性，在糧食收購(gòu)?fù)�，收�?gòu)貸款不可避免地被罩上政策性的外衣，農(nóng)發(fā)行面臨巨大的社會(huì)壓力，被迫發(fā)放貸款，而貸款主體因?yàn)槠毡槿鄙倏癸L(fēng)險(xiǎn)能力，致使收購(gòu)貸款已經(jīng)成為農(nóng)發(fā)行經(jīng)營(yíng)中的巨大風(fēng)險(xiǎn)隱患，一些歷史欠賬遲遲得不到化解，農(nóng)發(fā)行背負(fù)沉重的因政策造成的歷史包袱，一些新開(kāi)辦的貸款種類(lèi)，雖具有明顯的政策性特點(diǎn)，卻始終按照商業(yè)性對(duì)待，農(nóng)發(fā)行承擔(dān)了政策性職能，但沒(méi)有得到政策性的扶持。 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)是銀行業(yè)的特征，防控信貸也是銀行業(yè)的永恒主題，農(nóng)發(fā)行作為政策性銀行，在履行政策支農(nóng)責(zé)任的同時(shí)，同樣面臨經(jīng)營(yíng)中的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，因此，在當(dāng)前乃至今后相當(dāng)長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間內(nèi)，，加強(qiáng)對(duì)農(nóng)業(yè)政策性銀行信貸風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理問(wèn)題的研究，具有非常重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。 本文通過(guò)介紹農(nóng)發(fā)行產(chǎn)生的背景和發(fā)展過(guò)程，指出農(nóng)發(fā)行作為金融體制改革的產(chǎn)物，主要是為承擔(dān)政策性信貸支農(nóng)任務(wù)而成立的金融機(jī)構(gòu)，成立以來(lái)，隨著國(guó)家政策的不斷調(diào)整，導(dǎo)致農(nóng)發(fā)行的信貸領(lǐng)域、管理規(guī)定也隨之發(fā)生變化，而且作為一家法人金融機(jī)構(gòu)，其設(shè)立、經(jīng)營(yíng)不但缺乏相應(yīng)的法律依據(jù)，而且體現(xiàn)為各項(xiàng)工作任務(wù)、管理規(guī)定也缺乏穩(wěn)定性和連續(xù)性，責(zé)任和義務(wù)被無(wú)限放大、而權(quán)利維護(hù)則缺少法律依據(jù)，社會(huì)角色非常尷尬。通過(guò)分析了農(nóng)發(fā)行吉林省分行現(xiàn)狀及問(wèn)題，特別是針對(duì)農(nóng)發(fā)行吉林省分行信貸風(fēng)險(xiǎn)歷史包袱沉重、新的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)易發(fā)、多發(fā)、維權(quán)和處置資產(chǎn)的困難的現(xiàn)狀，從政策制度、人員素質(zhì)、客戶群體以及其行業(yè)的特點(diǎn)，分析了信貸風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的形成原因，并在對(duì)照借鑒發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家的政策性銀行在法律保障、治理結(jié)構(gòu)、資金來(lái)源、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)化解的方式渠道等方面的成熟經(jīng)驗(yàn)的基礎(chǔ)上，分別從職能定位、法律保障、員工素質(zhì)、誠(chéng)信體系建設(shè)和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)補(bǔ)償措施等方面提出了防范化解信貸風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的措施和建議。
[Abstract]:China Agricultural Development Bank (hereinafter referred to as ADBC) is a state-owned policy bank established in 1994, its business scope is according to national industrial policies and financial policies, raise funds, national policy support, policy loans for grain reserves, to start commercial operations in the approval of the state regulatory agencies within the scope of business that agency financial funds allocated to agriculture. Jilin Province branch with head office was established at the same time, since the issue of the establishment of agricultural business scope, after several adjustments, the nature of the business change, the main business of "food purchase loan" from the business policy adjustment for commercial business, but because of the particularity of grain purchase, in food the acquisition of the season, the acquisition of loans inevitably appear on the policies of the coat, facing economy.in enormous social pressure, forced loans, and loan principal because of lack of wind Risk ability, result in the acquisition of loans has become the agricultural issue in the management of huge potential risks, some historical debts had yet to resolve the issue of agricultural, bear a heavy historical burden caused by policy, some new types of loans, although the policy has obvious characteristics, but always in accordance with the commercial treatment, bear farming issue the functions of policy, but did not get policy support.
The risk is characteristic of the banking sector, the banking industry is the eternal theme of prevention and control of credit, agricultural development bank as a policy bank, in carrying out the policy of supporting agriculture and responsibility at the same time, also face the risk management so that in the current and future quite a long period of time, to strengthen the research on the credit risk management to agricultural policy banks, has a very important practical significance.
This paper introduces the background of agricultural development and the development process, pointing out that the agricultural issue as a result of the reform of the financial system, is the main financial institutions set up to undertake credit policy agriculture since its establishment, with the continuous adjustment of national policies, resulting in ADBC credit field, management regulations will also change, and as a corporate financial institutions, the establishment of business, not only the lack of corresponding legal basis, but also for various tasks, the regulations are lack of stability and continuity, the responsibility and obligation to be infinitely enlarged, and safeguard the rights of the lack of legal basis, the social role is very awkward. Through the analysis of the current situation and problems of Agricultural Development Bank branch in Jilin province especially, for the Agricultural Development Bank branch in Jilin province credit risk heavy historical burden, the new risk prone, multiple status, rights and disposal of assets difficult, from the policy system Degree, the quality of personnel, customer groups and the characteristics of the industry, analyzes the cause of formation of credit risk control, and in the reference of policy banks in developed countries in legal protection, governance structure, funding sources, risk based mature experience of the way the route, from the function orientation, legal protection, employee the quality, puts forward some measures and suggestions to prevent and resolve the credit risk of the credit system construction and risk compensation measures.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F832.4

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