本文選題：制造企業(yè) + 服務(wù)化戰(zhàn)略��； 參考：《西南交通大學(xué)》2016年博士論文

【摘要】：在全球范圍內(nèi),服務(wù)化已成為當(dāng)前制造企業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)型升級(jí),應(yīng)對(duì)日益激烈的市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的重要戰(zhàn)略選擇。隨著我國(guó)步入后工業(yè)化時(shí)代,面臨經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)變的新常態(tài),這一現(xiàn)象無論對(duì)制造企業(yè)的經(jīng)營(yíng)模式變革、制造行業(yè)的發(fā)展和國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整都具有重要意義。在不同國(guó)家和地區(qū),這一趨勢(shì)存在一定的差異。整體上而言,雖然涌現(xiàn)出一些成功實(shí)施服務(wù)化戰(zhàn)略的的企業(yè)案例,仍有不少企業(yè)面臨失敗的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。因而有必要針對(duì)目前中國(guó)企業(yè)服務(wù)化戰(zhàn)略的實(shí)施現(xiàn)狀、驅(qū)動(dòng)因素和績(jī)效表現(xiàn)進(jìn)行探討,為今后更多的制造企業(yè)實(shí)施服務(wù)化戰(zhàn)略提供理論支持,對(duì)政府相關(guān)部門實(shí)施推動(dòng)制造業(yè)服務(wù)化的政策也具有重要借鑒意義。論文首先對(duì)當(dāng)前關(guān)于制造企業(yè)服務(wù)化戰(zhàn)略的概念內(nèi)涵、動(dòng)因和績(jī)效的相關(guān)研究進(jìn)行回顧。歸納了基于產(chǎn)出觀和過程觀的不同概念定義,指出制造企業(yè)服務(wù)化戰(zhàn)略不但體現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)出的改變,也包括了企業(yè)經(jīng)營(yíng)過程的變革。同時(shí)對(duì)影響制造企業(yè)服務(wù)化戰(zhàn)略的相關(guān)具體因素、制造企業(yè)服務(wù)化戰(zhàn)略的不同績(jī)效表現(xiàn)進(jìn)行了梳理和總結(jié)。然后,本文以我國(guó)上市制造企業(yè)為例,從制造企業(yè)服務(wù)化戰(zhàn)略實(shí)施現(xiàn)狀、動(dòng)因、戰(zhàn)略績(jī)效和戰(zhàn)略績(jī)效的影響因素四個(gè)方面進(jìn)行了實(shí)證研究：(1)制造企業(yè)服務(wù)化戰(zhàn)略實(shí)施現(xiàn)狀實(shí)證分析。本文結(jié)合企業(yè)集團(tuán)化運(yùn)作的特點(diǎn),進(jìn)步提出廣義服務(wù)化的概念,利用2004-2013年中國(guó)滬深A(yù)股上市制造企業(yè)的相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù),通過經(jīng)營(yíng)范圍分析法,對(duì)我國(guó)上市制造企業(yè)的服務(wù)化現(xiàn)狀和發(fā)展趨勢(shì)進(jìn)行了分析。結(jié)果表明,我國(guó)上市制造企業(yè)的整體服務(wù)化水平較高,但不同服務(wù)類型的涉入率存在較大差異,同時(shí)存在顯著的行業(yè)、地區(qū)、上市年限和上市板塊差異。從近十年的變動(dòng)趨勢(shì)來看,我國(guó)制造企業(yè)的新增服務(wù)業(yè)務(wù)的增加趨勢(shì)明顯,尤其是采購(gòu)服務(wù)、解決方案服務(wù)和軟件開發(fā)服務(wù)等新興專業(yè)服務(wù),增長(zhǎng)明顯。(2)制造企業(yè)服務(wù)化戰(zhàn)略影響因素實(shí)證分析。雖然制造企業(yè)服務(wù)化戰(zhàn)略的動(dòng)因已得到了眾多學(xué)者的關(guān)注,但學(xué)者們的研究主要集中在外部環(huán)境和內(nèi)部資源兩個(gè)方面,而忽視了公司治理因素的作用。本文從服務(wù)化戰(zhàn)略的戰(zhàn)略轉(zhuǎn)型和多元化特征出發(fā),定義了服務(wù)化戰(zhàn)略決策和服務(wù)化戰(zhàn)略水平兩個(gè)變量,并整合市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)環(huán)境、組織資源和公司治理因素,提出“競(jìng)爭(zhēng)-資源-治理”框架。利用中國(guó)上市制造企業(yè)的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行了實(shí)證研究,發(fā)現(xiàn)三類因素在不同程度上對(duì)制造企業(yè)服務(wù)化戰(zhàn)略存在顯著影響,而且對(duì)服務(wù)化戰(zhàn)略決策和服務(wù)化戰(zhàn)略水平的影響存在顯著差異。(3)制造企業(yè)服務(wù)化戰(zhàn)略與企業(yè)績(jī)效的關(guān)系實(shí)證分析。圍繞制造企業(yè)服務(wù)化戰(zhàn)略對(duì)企業(yè)績(jī)效影響的爭(zhēng)議,即“服務(wù)悖論”。本文選取了市場(chǎng)績(jī)效(Tobin's Q)和經(jīng)營(yíng)績(jī)效(Roa)兩個(gè)不同性質(zhì)的指標(biāo),檢驗(yàn)了服務(wù)化戰(zhàn)略決策和服務(wù)化戰(zhàn)略水平與兩個(gè)績(jī)效指標(biāo)的關(guān)系。實(shí)證結(jié)果表明,制造企業(yè)服務(wù)化戰(zhàn)略決策與企業(yè)市場(chǎng)績(jī)效顯著正相關(guān),與經(jīng)營(yíng)績(jī)效無關(guān)；制造企業(yè)服務(wù)化戰(zhàn)略水平與企業(yè)經(jīng)營(yíng)績(jī)效顯著負(fù)相關(guān),與市場(chǎng)績(jī)效無關(guān),部分支持了“服務(wù)悖論”。針對(duì)這一結(jié)果,本文嘗試從市場(chǎng)信號(hào)和多元化悖論兩個(gè)方面進(jìn)行了解釋。(4)制造企業(yè)服務(wù)化戰(zhàn)略與企業(yè)績(jī)效關(guān)系的影響因素分析。在制造企業(yè)服務(wù)化戰(zhàn)略與企業(yè)績(jī)效關(guān)系的實(shí)證研究結(jié)果的基礎(chǔ)上,本文嘗試對(duì)市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)、組織資源和公司治理因素在制造企業(yè)服務(wù)化戰(zhàn)略和企業(yè)績(jī)效關(guān)系中的影響作用進(jìn)行了探討。實(shí)證研究結(jié)果表明,三類因素確實(shí)在制造企業(yè)服務(wù)化戰(zhàn)略與企業(yè)績(jī)效關(guān)系間存在不同的作用。本文進(jìn)一步對(duì)三類因素之間的相互作用進(jìn)行了分析,從三方面因素的共同影響作用出發(fā),刻畫了從制造企業(yè)服務(wù)化戰(zhàn)略到企業(yè)績(jī)效之間的兩條不同實(shí)現(xiàn)路徑。根據(jù)上述的實(shí)證結(jié)果,本文從完善市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)環(huán)境、優(yōu)化資源結(jié)構(gòu)和配置效率、提高公司治理水平三個(gè)方面提出了相應(yīng)的具體建議,為促進(jìn)我國(guó)制造企業(yè)服務(wù)化戰(zhàn)略的實(shí)施水平,提升企業(yè)績(jī)效和產(chǎn)業(yè)的整體競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力提供一定的借鑒。
[Abstract]:In the global scope, service has become an important strategic choice for the transformation and upgrading of the current manufacturing enterprises and in response to the increasingly fierce market competition. As China enters the post industrialization era, it faces the new normality of the transformation of the economic development structure. This phenomenon does not matter to the transformation of the manufacturing enterprise, the development of the manufacturing industry and the national economy. Structural adjustment is of great significance. There are certain differences in this trend in different countries and regions. On the whole, although there are some enterprise cases that have successfully implemented the service strategy, many enterprises still face the risk of failure. Therefore, it is necessary to focus on the actuation status, driving factors and the driving factors of the current Chinese enterprise service strategy. The performance performance is discussed in order to provide theoretical support for more manufacturing enterprises to implement service strategy in the future. It is also of great significance for the government related departments to implement the policy of promoting the service of manufacturing industry. First, the paper reviews the current research on the concept of the concept of service oriented manufacturing enterprise, the motivation and performance. Based on the definition of different concepts based on the concept of output and process, it is pointed out that the service strategy of manufacturing enterprises is reflected not only in the change of output, but also in the change of business process. At the same time, the specific factors affecting the service strategy of manufacturing enterprises and the different performance performance of the service strategy of manufacturing enterprises are combed and summarized. Then, taking the listed manufacturing enterprises in China as an example, this paper carries out an empirical study from four aspects: the present situation of the implementation of the service strategy of the manufacturing enterprise, the motivation, the strategic performance and the strategic performance. (1) the empirical analysis of the present situation of the implementation of the service strategy of the manufacturing enterprises. The concept, using the relevant data of the 2004-2013 years Chinese A stock listed manufacturing enterprises in China, analyses the present situation and development trend of the service of the listed manufacturing enterprises in China through the operation scope analysis method. The results show that the overall service level of the listed manufacturing enterprises in China is high, but the involvement rate of different service types is very bad. At the same time, there are significant industries, regions, listed years and listed plate differences. From the trend of recent ten years, the increasing trend of the new service business of our manufacturing enterprises is obvious, especially the new specialized services such as procurement service, solution service and software development service. (2) service strategy of manufacturing enterprises Although the motivation of the manufacturing enterprise service strategy has been paid attention to by many scholars, the scholars' research mainly focuses on two aspects of the external environment and internal resources, but neglects the role of the corporate governance factors. This paper, starting with the strategic transformation and diversification of the service strategy, defines the service war. The two variables of the strategy and the service strategy level, and the integration of the market competition environment, the organization of resources and the corporate governance factors, put forward the "competition resource governance" framework. The empirical study on the data of Chinese listed manufacturing enterprises has been carried out, and the three factors have significant influence on the service strategy of manufacturing enterprises in different degrees, and There are significant differences in the influence of service strategic decision and service strategy level. (3) empirical analysis of the relationship between service strategy and enterprise performance. The dispute about the impact of service strategy on enterprise performance is "service paradox". This paper selects two differences of market performance (Tobin's Q) and operating performance (Roa). The relationship between service strategic decision and service strategy level and the two performance indicators is tested. The empirical results show that the service strategic decision of manufacturing enterprises is positively related to the performance of the enterprise market, and has nothing to do with the performance of the business. The service strategy level of manufacturing enterprises is negatively related to the performance of the enterprise and the market performance. In response to this result, this paper tries to explain the two aspects of the market signal and the diversification paradox. (4) the analysis of the influence factors of the relationship between the service strategy and the enterprise performance. On the basis of the empirical research results of the relationship between the service strategy and the enterprise performance of the manufacturing enterprise, this paper The effects of market competition, organizational resources and corporate governance factors on the service strategy of manufacturing enterprises and the relationship of enterprise performance are explored. The empirical results show that the three factors do have different roles in the relationship between the service strategy of manufacturing enterprises and the relationship of enterprise performance. This paper further analyzes the three factors. The interaction is analyzed. Starting from the common influence of three factors, the paper depicts two different realization paths between the service strategy of manufacturing enterprises and the performance of the enterprise. According to the above empirical results, this paper proposes to improve the market competition environment, optimize the structure of resources and the efficiency of allocation and improve the level of corporate governance in three aspects. The corresponding specific suggestions are given to provide some reference for promoting the implementation level of the service strategy of our manufacturing enterprises, improving the enterprise performance and the overall competitiveness of the industry.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：F272.5;F425

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