本文選題：小微企業(yè)　切入點(diǎn)：企業(yè)文化　出處：《山東大學(xué)》2016年博士論文

【摘要】：小微企業(yè)是大眾創(chuàng)業(yè)、萬眾創(chuàng)新的主體,是國民經(jīng)濟(jì)的基本細(xì)胞,為促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長、解決就業(yè)、促進(jìn)創(chuàng)新、改善人民生活發(fā)揮著重要作用。但小微企業(yè)由于規(guī)模小、信息不對稱、輕資產(chǎn)、無抵押等原因,一直面臨高融資約束、高死亡率等成長困境。如何解決小微企業(yè)成長困境,成為理論界和學(xué)術(shù)界關(guān)注的熱點(diǎn)。隨著互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融的發(fā)展,P2P、眾籌等網(wǎng)絡(luò)融資模式出現(xiàn),網(wǎng)絡(luò)融資能夠有效解決小微企業(yè)信息不對稱問題,成為小微企業(yè)融資決策的一個(gè)重要選擇,但調(diào)研數(shù)據(jù)顯示,小微企業(yè)的融資主要來源排在前兩位的是自有資金和親朋借款,說明小微企業(yè)融資決策偏于保守。是否激進(jìn)的融資決策更有利于促進(jìn)小微企業(yè)成長,這是一個(gè)值得研究的課題�？紤]到小微企業(yè)的融資決策與其成長性之間的關(guān)系和作用機(jī)理,筆者引入企業(yè)文化變量,企業(yè)文化作為一種非正式制度,是企業(yè)發(fā)展的軟約束,對企業(yè)融資決策和成長性都會(huì)產(chǎn)生影響�；诂F(xiàn)有的理論研究,本研究構(gòu)建了小微企業(yè)文化、融資決策與其成長性實(shí)證研究的理論模型,小微企業(yè)文化會(huì)對其融資決策產(chǎn)生影響,小微企業(yè)文化會(huì)對其成長性產(chǎn)生影響,融資決策也對小微企業(yè)成長性產(chǎn)生影響,融資決策在其中發(fā)揮中介作用。在此理論模型基礎(chǔ)上,參考國際經(jīng)典量表和相關(guān)文獻(xiàn),采用探索性因子分析的方式構(gòu)建小微企業(yè)文化指標(biāo)體系和小微企業(yè)成長性指標(biāo)體系,并利用該指標(biāo)體系進(jìn)一步對本研究提出的理論模型進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證,主要得出如下幾點(diǎn)結(jié)論：第一,小微企業(yè)文化可劃分為價(jià)值觀、關(guān)系文化、創(chuàng)新文化和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)文化四個(gè)維度,小微企業(yè)成長性可劃分為盈利性、發(fā)展規(guī)模和成長階段三個(gè)維度。第二,小微企業(yè)價(jià)值觀對小微企業(yè)融資決策有顯著的影響,價(jià)值觀越凝聚統(tǒng)一,小微企業(yè)的融資決策越激進(jìn)；小微企業(yè)的關(guān)系文化對小微企業(yè)融資決策有顯著的影響,關(guān)系文化程度越高,越善于處理各種內(nèi)外部關(guān)系,小微企業(yè)的融資決策越保守穩(wěn)��；小微企業(yè)創(chuàng)新文化對小微企業(yè)融資決策有顯著的影響,創(chuàng)新文化氛圍越濃,小微企業(yè)的融資決策越激進(jìn)；風(fēng)險(xiǎn)文化與融資決策之間的關(guān)系不明確。第三,小微企業(yè)價(jià)值觀與小微企業(yè)成長性顯著正相關(guān),小微企業(yè)價(jià)值觀越凝聚統(tǒng)一,小微企業(yè)的成長性越高；小微企業(yè)關(guān)系文化與小微企業(yè)成長性顯著正相關(guān),關(guān)系文化程度越高,越善于處理各種內(nèi)外部關(guān)系,越有利于小微企業(yè)成長；小微企業(yè)的創(chuàng)新文化與小微企業(yè)成長性顯著負(fù)相關(guān),創(chuàng)新文化程度越高,創(chuàng)新意識(shí)越強(qiáng),小微企業(yè)成長性越低；風(fēng)險(xiǎn)文化僅對小微企業(yè)成長性的盈利性維度產(chǎn)生影響,二者之間是顯著的正相關(guān)關(guān)系,小微企業(yè)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)文化氛圍越強(qiáng),其成長的盈利性越高。第四,小微企業(yè)融資決策對小微企業(yè)成長性產(chǎn)生重要影響。小微企業(yè)財(cái)務(wù)穩(wěn)健性與小微企業(yè)成長性具有顯著負(fù)相關(guān)關(guān)系；小微企業(yè)資產(chǎn)負(fù)債率與其成長性具有顯著正相關(guān)關(guān)系；小微企業(yè)外部資金首選來源與其成長性具有顯著的正相關(guān)關(guān)系。第五,融資決策在小微企業(yè)文化與成長性(盈利性)之間發(fā)揮部分中介作用；融資決策在小微企業(yè)文化與小微企業(yè)成長性(發(fā)展規(guī)模)之間有部分中介作用,但強(qiáng)度不大；融資決策在小微企業(yè)文化與小微企業(yè)成長性(成長階段)之間發(fā)揮部分中介作用。研究結(jié)論豐富了小微企業(yè)成長性的研究,并且從小微企業(yè)文化角度切入,研究小微企業(yè)文化與小微企業(yè)成長性之間的關(guān)系,并探討二者之間的作用機(jī)理,結(jié)果表明融資決策在二者之間發(fā)揮部分中介作用,拓寬了企業(yè)成長理論的研究視角,有一定的理論價(jià)值。同時(shí),“大眾創(chuàng)業(yè)、萬眾創(chuàng)新”背景下,研究結(jié)論得出了促進(jìn)小微企業(yè)成長的新的方法,即從文化角度考慮如何促進(jìn)小微企業(yè)成長,有一定的實(shí)踐借鑒價(jià)值。根據(jù)本研究得出的結(jié)論,可以得到如下管理啟示：第一,小微企業(yè)應(yīng)該重視企業(yè)文化建設(shè)。第二,小微企業(yè)應(yīng)該重視融資決策,不能盲目保守也不能過于冒險(xiǎn)。第三,小微企業(yè)的企業(yè)家在文化建設(shè)、融資決策中應(yīng)該發(fā)揮領(lǐng)導(dǎo)作用。第四,小微企業(yè)應(yīng)該有自身成長意識(shí),通過完善企業(yè)文化、完善組織結(jié)構(gòu)、合理進(jìn)行融資決策等,獲得更高的發(fā)展機(jī)會(huì)和更高的成長性。本研究的創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)主要體現(xiàn)在以下幾個(gè)方面：第一,從小微企業(yè)文化角度切入進(jìn)行研究,本研究構(gòu)建了小微企業(yè)文化、融資決策、小微企業(yè)成長性三者之間的作用機(jī)理,研究視角獨(dú)特,具有一定創(chuàng)新性。第二,構(gòu)建了小微企業(yè)文化指標(biāo)體系。本研究立足我國小微企業(yè)的文化特征,結(jié)合已有企業(yè)文化量表,設(shè)計(jì)小微企業(yè)文化量表,并據(jù)此采用探索性因子分析的方式構(gòu)建小微企業(yè)文化指標(biāo)體系,在一定程度上彌補(bǔ)了現(xiàn)有研究的不足,具有一定創(chuàng)新性。第三,研究揭示了企業(yè)文化影響小微企業(yè)成長的作用機(jī)理。本研究引入小微企業(yè)融資決策變量,通過理論分析構(gòu)建三者之間的作用機(jī)制圖,并采用多元回歸分析等方式驗(yàn)證三者之間的關(guān)系,研究結(jié)論具有一定的理論價(jià)值和實(shí)踐啟迪。第四,研究視角立足小微企業(yè)。由于本研究立足小微企業(yè),研究目的在于為小微企業(yè)發(fā)展提供一定借鑒,采用調(diào)研問卷的形式獲取小微企業(yè)數(shù)據(jù),研究結(jié)論有較高的實(shí)踐指導(dǎo)意義,在一定程度上彌補(bǔ)了有關(guān)小微企業(yè)研究的“信息黑洞”,這也是本文的創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)之處。
[Abstract]:Small and micro businesses is the main public entrepreneurship, innovation, is the basic cell of the national economy, to promote innovation in order to promote the economic growth, employment, and plays an important role in improving people's life. But Small and micro businesses due to the small scale, asymmetric information, asset light, no mortgage and other reasons, has been facing high financing constraints, high the mortality rate growth dilemma. How to solve the difficulties of the growth of Small and micro businesses, become a focus of attention in theoretical and academic circles. With the development of Internet banking, P2P, appeared to raise public network financing mode, network financing can effectively solve the problem of asymmetric information Small and micro businesses, has become an important choice Small and micro businesses financing decision. But the survey data shows that the main source of financing Small and micro businesses in the top two of its own funds and family loans, that Small and micro businesses financing decision on the conservative side. More favorable whether radical financing decision To promote the growth of Small and micro businesses, this is a topic worthy of study. Considering the relationship and mechanism between financing decision Small and micro businesses with growth, the variable of corporate culture, corporate culture as an informal system, soft constraints the development of enterprises, will be on the corporate financing decision and growth influence. Based on the existing theoretical research, this study constructs a theoretical model of culture Small and micro businesses, financing decisions and growth of empirical research, Small and micro businesses culture will affect the financing decision, Small and micro businesses culture will affect the growth of the financing decision of Small and micro businesses growth influence the financing decision, play an intermediary role in them. Based on the theoretical model, with reference to international classical scale and related literature, using exploratory factor analysis method to build the index system of Small and micro businesses The growth of the index system and Small and micro businesses, and further verify the theoretical model proposed in this study by using the index system, mainly draws the following conclusions: first, Small and micro businesses can be divided into cultural values, culture, cultural innovation and cultural risk in four dimensions, Small and micro businesses growth can be divided for profit, the three dimensions of the scale of development and growth stage. Second, Small and micro businesses values have a significant impact on small and micro enterprises financing decisions, values more cohesive unity, Small and micro businesses financing decisions are more aggressive; the relationship of culture Small and micro businesses for small and micro enterprises financing decisions have a significant impact, the more the high degree of culture, is good at dealing with all kinds of internal and external relations, Small and micro businesses financing decisions more conservative; Small and micro businesses innovation culture on Small and micro businesses financing decisions have a significant impact, innovative cultural atmosphere more concentrated, small Micro enterprise financing decision more radical; the relationship between culture and financing decision-making risk is not clear. In third, the small and micro enterprise growth outlook is positively related to the value of Small and micro businesses, Small and micro businesses values more cohesive unity, Small and micro businesses of higher growth; significant positive correlation relationship with the Small and micro businesses Small and micro businesses grow, the higher the degree of the relationship between culture, is good at dealing with all kinds of internal and external relations, more conducive to the growth of Small and micro businesses; Small and micro businesses innovative culture and Small and micro businesses growth negatively related to higher level of innovation culture, innovation consciousness is strong, Small and micro businesses growth lower risk; culture only for small and micro dimensions of profitability of enterprise growth impact, between the two there was a positive correlation between Small and micro businesses, the risk of more strong cultural atmosphere, the growth of profitability is high. Fourth, Small and micro businesses financing for small and micro enterprises Have an important impact on industry growth. Small and micro businesses financial soundness and Small and micro businesses growth has significant negative correlation; Small and micro businesses with asset liability ratio growth has significant positive correlation; Small and micro businesses preferred source of external funding its growth has a significant positive correlation. Fifth, the financing decision in Small and micro businesses culture and growth (profitable) play a part of the intermediary role; financing decision in Small and micro businesses culture and Small and micro businesses growth (scale) between the part of the intermediary role, but the intensity is not strong; financing decision in Small and micro businesses culture and Small and micro businesses growth (growth stage) between plays the part of the intermediary role. Conclusion to enrich the research of the growth of Small and micro businesses, small and micro enterprise culture angle of entry, Small and micro businesses culture and the relationship between small and micro enterprise growth, and explore two The mechanism between them. The results show that the financing decision plays the part of the intermediary role in the relationship between the two, broaden the research perspective of the theory of enterprise growth, has a certain theoretical value. At the same time, "public entrepreneurship, innovation background, research conclusion of the new method to promote the growth of small and micro enterprises, namely how to consider to promote the growth of Small and micro businesses from the perspective of culture, has certain practical reference value. According to the conclusions of this study, we can get the following revelation: first, Small and micro businesses should pay attention to the construction of enterprise culture. Second, Small and micro businesses should pay attention to the financing decision, not blindly conservative nor too risky. Third, Small and micro businesses. Entrepreneurs in the cultural construction, should play a leading role in financing decision making. Fourth, Small and micro businesses should have their own growth consciousness, through the improvement of corporate culture, improve the organizational structure, reasonable financing decision Policy, access to development opportunities for higher and higher growth. The innovation of this study is mainly reflected in the following aspects: first, from the micro perspective of the enterprise culture, the establishment of Small and micro businesses culture, financing decision-making mechanism between Small and micro businesses to grow three, research unique perspective, which has certain innovation. Second, construct the index system of Small and micro businesses culture. This study based on the cultural characteristics of China's Small and micro businesses, combined with the existing scale of enterprise culture, the design of Small and micro businesses culture scale, and constructs the index system of cultural Small and micro businesses by exploratory factor analysis, in the to a certain extent make up for the lack of existing research, which has certain innovation. Third. The study reveals the mechanism of the influence of enterprise culture Small and micro businesses grow. The introduction of Small and micro businesses financing decision variable, through theory Analysis of mechanism between the construction of the three, and the multiple regression analysis method to validate the relationship between the three, the conclusion of the study has a certain theoretical value and practical enlightenment. Fourth, based on the perspective of Small and micro businesses. Because of this study based on the Small and micro businesses. The aim is to Small and micro businesses development to provide certain reference. The data acquisition Small and micro businesses through the investigation questionnaire has high practical significance the research conclusion, to a certain extent make up for the Small and micro businesses on the "black hole", which is also the innovation of this paper.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：F275;F276.3;F270
，

本文編號(hào)：1699342