【摘要】：農(nóng)發(fā)行是我國(guó)現(xiàn)階段農(nóng)村金融的重要組成部分,致力于服務(wù)“三農(nóng)”,解決農(nóng)業(yè)、農(nóng)村、農(nóng)民落后的市場(chǎng)環(huán)境的問(wèn)題,在帶動(dòng)農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展、提高農(nóng)民收入、提高農(nóng)村基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)中發(fā)揮重要作用。目前,為了確保農(nóng)發(fā)行,控制農(nóng)發(fā)行的信貸風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理問(wèn)題成為農(nóng)發(fā)行面臨的重要挑戰(zhàn)和關(guān)鍵問(wèn)題。 論文結(jié)合Z農(nóng)發(fā)行的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀和貸款分類業(yè)務(wù),首先闡述論文的研究背景,綜述國(guó)內(nèi)外研究文獻(xiàn)；其次,分析Z農(nóng)發(fā)行作為政策性銀行的信貸風(fēng)險(xiǎn)特征及其管理現(xiàn)狀。剖析Z農(nóng)發(fā)行信貸風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的具體表現(xiàn)和信貸風(fēng)險(xiǎn)產(chǎn)生的原因,如國(guó)家政策為主導(dǎo)、信貸資金來(lái)源單一、先天的資產(chǎn)包袱較重和糧油價(jià)格市場(chǎng)化等。再次,結(jié)合Z農(nóng)發(fā)行目前信貸管理現(xiàn)狀,找出Z農(nóng)發(fā)行信貸風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理中存在四類問(wèn)題：第一,信貸管理制度中規(guī)章制度不健全和貸款風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理責(zé)任不清晰；第二,信貸審批和監(jiān)控機(jī)制方面,缺乏有效的信貸審批約束機(jī)制和信貸風(fēng)險(xiǎn)監(jiān)測(cè)手段落后；第三,信貸風(fēng)險(xiǎn)化解和補(bǔ)償機(jī)制中,風(fēng)險(xiǎn)化解途徑單一和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)補(bǔ)償與分散渠道受限；第四,人員素質(zhì)方面,全面風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理意識(shí)薄弱、信貸客戶管理水平較低、缺乏有效的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理制度執(zhí)行力,以及隊(duì)伍建設(shè)與業(yè)務(wù)發(fā)展不匹配等。最后,提出Z農(nóng)發(fā)行政策性特色的信貸風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理策略：(1)完善風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理制度及其執(zhí)行力；(2)改進(jìn)信貸風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)警系統(tǒng),開(kāi)發(fā)信貸風(fēng)險(xiǎn)計(jì)量方法和應(yīng)用壓力測(cè)試法；(3)建立政策性貸款準(zhǔn)入制度,貸款準(zhǔn)確定位,推進(jìn)貸款項(xiàng)目審查的定量化建設(shè)；(4)建立系統(tǒng)性的信貸資金管理機(jī)制,包括資金推出機(jī)制、資金使用約束機(jī)制、不良貸款分散和補(bǔ)償機(jī)制等；(5)建設(shè)全員信貸風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理文化,培養(yǎng)員工風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理意識(shí)、鞏固風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理文化建設(shè),建立有效的授信約束激勵(lì)機(jī)制。 論文基于提出農(nóng)發(fā)行政策性信貸風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理策略研究為出發(fā)點(diǎn),保證農(nóng)發(fā)行服務(wù)好“三農(nóng)”的基礎(chǔ)上,增強(qiáng)自身的可持續(xù)發(fā)展,僅僅基于Z農(nóng)發(fā)行現(xiàn)狀,提出微觀操作層面的建議,實(shí)踐操作過(guò)程中可能還會(huì)遇到各種障礙和困難,還有待于今后在實(shí)踐中不斷加以改進(jìn)。
[Abstract]:The Agricultural Development Bank is an important part of rural finance in our country at the present stage. It is committed to serving the "three rural areas", solving the problems of the backward market environment of agriculture, rural areas and farmers, promoting the development of rural economy and raising farmers' income. We will play an important role in improving rural infrastructure construction. At present, in order to ensure Agricultural Development Bank, controlling the credit risk management of Agricultural Development Bank has become an important challenge and key problem. Based on the development situation and loan classification business of the Agricultural Development Bank of Z, this paper firstly expounds the research background of the paper, summarizes the domestic and foreign research literature; secondly, analyzes the credit risk characteristics and management status of the policy bank of Z Agricultural Development Bank. The paper analyzes the concrete performance of the credit risk and the causes of the credit risk, such as the national policy, the single source of credit funds, the heavy asset burden and the marketization of grain and oil prices. Thirdly, combining with the current situation of credit management of Agricultural Development Bank of Z, we find out four kinds of problems in credit risk management of Agricultural Development Bank of Z: first, the rules and regulations of credit management system are not perfect and the responsibility of credit risk management is not clear; Second, the credit examination and approval and monitoring mechanism, the lack of effective credit examination and approval constraint mechanism and credit risk monitoring means lag behind; third, in the credit risk resolution and compensation mechanism, the risk resolution approach is single and the risk compensation and dispersion channels are limited. Fourth, the personnel quality, the overall risk management consciousness is weak, the credit customer management level is low, lacks the effective risk management system execution ability, and the troop construction and the business development does not match and so on. Finally, the paper puts forward the credit risk management strategy with the policy characteristics of the Agricultural Development Bank: (1) perfecting the risk management system and its executive power, (2) improving the credit risk warning system, developing the credit risk measurement method and applying the stress test method; (3) establishing the policy loan access system, the accurate orientation of the loan, and promoting the quantitative construction of the loan project review; (4) establishing systematic credit fund management mechanism, including fund launch mechanism, capital use restriction mechanism, non-performing loan dispersion and compensation mechanism, etc. (5) to construct the credit risk management culture of the whole staff, to train the staff's risk management consciousness, to consolidate the risk management culture construction, and to establish an effective credit incentive mechanism. Based on the research of the policy credit risk management strategy of the Agricultural Development Bank, the paper strengthens its sustainable development, only based on the current situation of Z Agricultural Development Bank, on the basis of ensuring the Agricultural Development Bank to serve the "agriculture, countryside and farmers" well. Some suggestions on micro operation level are put forward, and some obstacles and difficulties may be encountered in the course of practice, which still need to be improved in practice in the future.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F832.4

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