本文關(guān)鍵詞：基于企業(yè)運(yùn)營(yíng)視角的P2P網(wǎng)絡(luò)借貸風(fēng)險(xiǎn)研究　出處：《北京交通大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

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【摘要】：P2P(Peer-to-Peer)網(wǎng)絡(luò)借貸起源于諾貝爾和平獎(jiǎng)獲得者尤努斯創(chuàng)辦的孟加拉鄉(xiāng)村銀行,其理念是將小額的閑散資金匯聚起來借貸給有資金需求的人群或小微企業(yè),后來逐漸發(fā)展成為一種通過互聯(lián)網(wǎng)實(shí)現(xiàn)資金借貸交易的商業(yè)模式。我國(guó)最早出現(xiàn)P2P網(wǎng)絡(luò)借貸企業(yè)是在2007年,經(jīng)過幾年的發(fā)展如今已經(jīng)遍布全國(guó),并且呈現(xiàn)百家爭(zhēng)鳴的態(tài)勢(shì)。然而,我國(guó)至今還沒有明確其監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu),并且社會(huì)征信體系不健全,企業(yè)運(yùn)營(yíng)管理的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)加之外界環(huán)境的不成熟,使得借款人的違約得不到有效控制,P2P網(wǎng)絡(luò)借貸行業(yè)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)與日俱增。本論文從企業(yè)運(yùn)營(yíng)的視角出發(fā),分別以拍拍貸、宜信、翼龍貸、人人貸和陸金所為研究對(duì)象,歸納總結(jié)出國(guó)內(nèi)P2P網(wǎng)絡(luò)借貸的四類運(yùn)營(yíng)模式,然后對(duì)比分析各運(yùn)營(yíng)模式蘊(yùn)含的潛在風(fēng)險(xiǎn),通過借鑒國(guó)外成熟經(jīng)驗(yàn)最終提出風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制的優(yōu)化解決方案,論證過程中還著重分析了行業(yè)具有代表意義的宜信在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制方面的舉措。全文主要分為三大部分:首先,概述P2P網(wǎng)絡(luò)借貸的定義和理論基礎(chǔ),介紹P2P網(wǎng)絡(luò)借貸的發(fā)展歷程和發(fā)展規(guī)模;然后,結(jié)合典型的企業(yè)案例去闡述國(guó)內(nèi)P2P網(wǎng)絡(luò)借貸創(chuàng)新的運(yùn)營(yíng)模式,包括債權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓模式、線上線下結(jié)合模式和擔(dān)保模式,概括出其蘊(yùn)含的五類潛在風(fēng)險(xiǎn):借款信用性風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、資金流動(dòng)性風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、運(yùn)營(yíng)操作性風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、市場(chǎng)性風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和技術(shù)性風(fēng)險(xiǎn),并進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析;最后,分析宜信在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制方面的舉措,借鑒國(guó)外成熟的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制經(jīng)驗(yàn),按照我國(guó)客觀國(guó)情提出了三項(xiàng)針對(duì)企業(yè)管理的優(yōu)化改進(jìn)建議,文末還對(duì)整體行業(yè)監(jiān)管提出了建議。本論文經(jīng)過研究認(rèn)為:國(guó)內(nèi)的P2P網(wǎng)絡(luò)借貸企業(yè)克服社會(huì)信用體系不健全的不利條件,創(chuàng)新出包括債權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓、線上線下相結(jié)合和引入擔(dān)保三類運(yùn)營(yíng)模式能夠降低部分借款違約風(fēng)險(xiǎn),但是不能從根本上解決風(fēng)險(xiǎn)問題,并會(huì)因此產(chǎn)生資金流動(dòng)性的高風(fēng)險(xiǎn),而且運(yùn)營(yíng)操作性風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、市場(chǎng)性風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和技術(shù)性風(fēng)險(xiǎn)均不能通過簡(jiǎn)單的變更運(yùn)營(yíng)模式而發(fā)生改變,必須全面的重視風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制建設(shè)才能長(zhǎng)期發(fā)展,作者借鑒國(guó)外成熟風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制經(jīng)驗(yàn),提出三點(diǎn)改進(jìn)建議:構(gòu)建總部集中式的數(shù)據(jù)化風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制部門、采用小額分散的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制原則,并用數(shù)據(jù)分析的方式建立風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制模型。
[Abstract]:P2P (Peer-to-Peer) network lending origin winner Yunus founded the Grameen Bank in Bangladesh in the Nobel peace prize, the idea is to have small idle funds together to lend to have financial needs of the people or Small and micro businesses, then gradually developed into a trading fund loan through the Internet business model. The earliest emergence of P2P network lending business is in 2007, after several years of development has now spread all over the country, and the present situation of contention of a hundred schools of thought. However, China has not yet clear its regulatory agencies, and the social credit system is not perfect, the risk of enterprise operation management and the external environment is not mature, the borrower's default is not effectively controlled, the risk of P2P networks lending industry grow with each passing day. In this thesis, from the perspective of enterprise operation, respectively to pat the loan, should the letter, pterosaurs, peer-to-peer lending and Lu Jin As the research object, summarizes four kinds of operation mode of domestic P2P lending network, and then the comparative analysis of the operation mode contains the potential risk, by using foreign experience finally put forward the optimization of risk control solutions, the demonstration process is analyzed with industry representative of the letter should be in terms of risk control measures. This article is divided into three parts: first, an overview of the P2P network lending the definition and theoretical basis, introduces the development process and development scale of P2P network lending; then, combined with the typical enterprise case to elaborate the domestic P2P network lending business model innovation, including the transfer of creditor's rights and guarantee mode, mode of combination of online and offline mode, summed up it contains five kinds of potential risks: credit risk, liquidity risk, operational risk, market risk and technical risk, and carries on the contrast Analysis; finally, analysis of the letter should be in terms of risk control measures, the mature risk control experience, according to the objective conditions of China put forward three suggestions for the optimization of enterprise management, is also the end of the whole industry regulation was put forward. This paper through the research that: P2P networks borrowing domestic enterprises overcome the adverse conditions of the social credit system is not perfect, innovation including the transfer of creditor's rights, combining online and offline and the introduction of guarantee three kinds of operation mode can reduce part of the loan default risk, but the risk can not solve the problem fundamentally, the high risk and will therefore generate liquidity, and operational risk, market risk and technical risk can not be changed by a simple change of operation mode, risk control must pay more attention to comprehensive construction to long-term development, the author draws foreign mature risk control Experience, put forward three suggestions for improvement: build a centralized centralized data risk control department, adopt a small decentralized risk control principle, and establish a risk control model by data analysis.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F724.6;F832.4

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