【摘要】：二次世界大戰(zhàn)后,為了擺脫貧窮落后的狀況,日本政府采取了政府主導(dǎo)型的經(jīng)濟(jì)制度來發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)。自20世紀(jì)50年代中期起,日本的經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)現(xiàn)了高速增長,一躍成為世界第二大經(jīng)濟(jì)體,創(chuàng)造了“日本奇跡”。然而,隨著20世紀(jì)90年代初經(jīng)濟(jì)泡沫的破滅,日本進(jìn)入了長達(dá)十多年的經(jīng)濟(jì)蕭條時期。在認(rèn)識到經(jīng)濟(jì)制度改革的迫切性和重要性后,日本歷屆政府采取了種種改革措施,但收效甚微。日本經(jīng)濟(jì)的高速增長與長期蕭條,都受到了很多復(fù)雜因素的影響,然而,日本的政府主導(dǎo)型經(jīng)濟(jì)制度無疑是其中的一條重要影響因素。因此,研究戰(zhàn)后日本政府主導(dǎo)型經(jīng)濟(jì)制度對經(jīng)濟(jì)增長的影響,具有重要的意義,同時,日本的經(jīng)驗(yàn)和教訓(xùn),以及日本政府在經(jīng)濟(jì)制度改革中所遇到的問題,對于我國現(xiàn)時期深化改革具有重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。本文的思路如下： 第一部分分析了日本政府主導(dǎo)型經(jīng)濟(jì)制度的確立和完善,并分析了日本的政府主導(dǎo)作用的特點(diǎn)。 第二部分在簡單的回顧日本自戰(zhàn)后到20世紀(jì)80年代末經(jīng)濟(jì)高速增長狀況后,分析了日本政府主導(dǎo)型經(jīng)濟(jì)制度在促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長中起到的積極作用,主要從制定適宜的產(chǎn)業(yè)政策、實(shí)行積極的財政政策、有效保護(hù)國內(nèi)市場、管制金融等幾個方面考慮。 第三部分簡單回溯了經(jīng)濟(jì)蕭條的四個階段后,分析了日本政府主導(dǎo)型經(jīng)濟(jì)制度在經(jīng)濟(jì)增長中起到的消極作用,得出了日本政府主導(dǎo)型經(jīng)濟(jì)制度已無法適應(yīng)時代的發(fā)展,必須進(jìn)行改革的結(jié)論。 第四部分首先回顧了自20世紀(jì)90年代日本歷屆政府在認(rèn)識到制度改革的迫切性和重要性后所采取的改革措施,然后分析了日本經(jīng)濟(jì)制度改革困難重重的原因。主要從制度本身和外界因素兩個方面去考慮。 第五部分通過日本經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的經(jīng)驗(yàn)和教訓(xùn),以及日本政府在經(jīng)濟(jì)制度改革中遇到的問題,分析了對我國經(jīng)濟(jì)制度改革的啟示,即必須進(jìn)行政府機(jī)構(gòu)的改革和政府職能的轉(zhuǎn)變。
[Abstract]:After World War II, in order to get rid of poverty and backwardness, the Japanese government adopted the government-led economic system to develop the economy. Since the mid-1950s, Japan's economy has grown at a high rate, becoming the world's second-largest economy and creating a "Japanese miracle". However, with the bursting of the bubble in the early 1990s, Japan entered a period of depression for more than a decade. In recognition of the urgency and importance of economic system reform, Japan's successive governments have adopted various reform measures, but little has been achieved. Japan's high-speed economic growth and long-term depression have been affected by a lot of complex factors, however, Japan's government-led economic system is undoubtedly one of the important factors. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the influence of the Japanese government-led economic system on economic growth after the war. At the same time, Japan's experience and lessons, as well as the problems encountered by the Japanese government in the reform of the economic system, are of great significance. It is of great practical significance for our country to deepen the reform in the present period. The ideas of this paper are as follows: the first part analyzes the establishment and perfection of the Japanese government-led economic system, and analyzes the characteristics of the leading role of the Japanese government. In the second part, after a brief review of Japan's high-speed economic growth from the World War to the end of 1980s, the paper analyzes the positive role played by the Japanese government-led economic system in promoting economic growth, mainly from the formulation of appropriate industrial policies. Active fiscal policy, effective protection of the domestic market, financial regulation and other aspects of consideration. The third part briefly traces back the four stages of the economic depression, analyzes the negative role played by the Japanese government-led economic system in the economic growth, and draws the conclusion that the Japanese government-led economic system can no longer adapt to the development of the times. The conclusion that reform must be carried out. The fourth part first reviews the reform measures taken by successive Japanese governments in the 1990s after recognizing the urgency and importance of the system reform, and then analyzes the reasons for the difficulties in the reform of Japan's economic system. Mainly from the system itself and external factors to consider two aspects. In the fifth part, through the experiences and lessons of Japan's economic development and the problems encountered by the Japanese government in the reform of the economic system, the enlightenment to the reform of the economic system of our country is analyzed, that is, the reform of the government institutions and the transformation of the functions of the government must be carried out.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F124;F131.3

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