【摘要】：低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)對(duì)于任何國(guó)家來(lái)說(shuō)都是一個(gè)嶄新的發(fā)展方向,自從《斯特恩報(bào)告》指出,全球以每年GDP1%的投入,可以避免將來(lái)每年GDP5%——20%的損失之后,各國(guó)都積極的呼吁向低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型。在經(jīng)濟(jì)騰飛的今天低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)是各國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的重中之重,低碳環(huán)保不僅僅對(duì)各國(guó)的生態(tài)環(huán)境、社會(huì)環(huán)境有著重大的影響,同時(shí)也對(duì)各國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方向有著巨大的影響。目前中國(guó)發(fā)展低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)還處于初級(jí)階段,與歐盟、美國(guó)、日本等低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展良好的發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家差距較大。我國(guó)低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展速度比較緩慢,這主要表現(xiàn)在低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展政策法規(guī)的制定不完善、我國(guó)企業(yè)不愿向低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型以及對(duì)公眾宣傳低碳生活模式的經(jīng)驗(yàn)不足上。所以我國(guó)想要全面的走向低碳發(fā)展,不但要借鑒典型國(guó)家的優(yōu)秀經(jīng)驗(yàn),同時(shí)也要清楚地認(rèn)識(shí)到我國(guó)政府、企業(yè)以及公眾參與的低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)在我國(guó)市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展中存在的問(wèn)題。基于利益相關(guān)者理論,在分析了我國(guó)低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀的基礎(chǔ)上確定了參與低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的多元主體分別為政府、企業(yè)以及公眾,并詳細(xì)的介紹了我國(guó)多元主體參與低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的現(xiàn)狀、存在的問(wèn)題以并對(duì)這些問(wèn)題的原因進(jìn)行分析。在多元主參與低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的基礎(chǔ)上,先分別從三個(gè)主體的角度將其對(duì)低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展所產(chǎn)生的影響進(jìn)行了分析,然后又從發(fā)展低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)的角度分析了其對(duì)三個(gè)多元主體產(chǎn)生的影響,并結(jié)合以上分析構(gòu)建了影響機(jī)理的框架圖,并對(duì)框架內(nèi)部相互之間影響機(jī)理進(jìn)行分析。借鑒了低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展較為超前的兩個(gè)典型國(guó)家——美國(guó)和日本其多元主體參與低碳經(jīng)發(fā)展中的實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn),并以此為啟示結(jié)合中國(guó)的實(shí)際情況說(shuō)明了低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)要想在中國(guó)更快更好的發(fā)展政府必須作為主導(dǎo)者,同時(shí)還要推動(dòng)企業(yè)、引導(dǎo)公眾共同發(fā)展低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)。最后在政府主導(dǎo)的前提條件下提出多元主體對(duì)我國(guó)低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的對(duì)策建議。
[Abstract]:The low-carbon economy is a new direction for any country. Since the Stern report points out that the world can avoid the loss of annual GDP5%--20% in the future with the investment of GDP1% every year, Countries are actively calling for a transition to a low-carbon economy. Low carbon economy is the most important part of the economic development of every country. Low carbon environmental protection not only has a great influence on the ecological environment and social environment, but also has a great influence on the economic development direction of each country. At present, China's development of low-carbon economy is still in its infancy, and there is a big gap with the developed countries such as the European Union, the United States, Japan and other developed countries with good development of low-carbon economy. The development of low-carbon economy in China is relatively slow, which is mainly reflected in the imperfect formulation of policies and regulations for low-carbon economy development, the reluctance of Chinese enterprises to transform to low-carbon economy and the lack of experience in publicizing low-carbon life patterns to the public. Therefore, if our country wants to move towards low-carbon development in an all-round way, we should not only draw lessons from the excellent experiences of typical countries, but also clearly recognize the problems existing in the development of our market economy in which the government, enterprises and the public participate in the low-carbon economy. Based on stakeholder theory, this paper analyzes the current situation of low-carbon economy development in China, and determines that the multiple subjects involved in the development of low-carbon economy are government, enterprises and the public, respectively. It also introduces in detail the status quo of multiple subjects participating in the development of low-carbon economy in China, and analyzes the causes of these problems. On the basis of multivariate participation in the development of low-carbon economy, this paper analyzes its impact on the development of low-carbon economy from the perspective of three main bodies. Then from the point of view of developing low-carbon economy, this paper analyzes its influence on the three multi-agents, and constructs the frame diagram of the influence mechanism, and analyzes the mutual influence mechanism of the frame based on the above analysis. The paper draws lessons from the practical experience of the United States and Japan, two typical countries with advanced development of low-carbon economy, in which the multiple subjects participate in the development of low-carbon economy. Combining with the actual situation of China, this paper shows that the government must be the leader in order to develop the low-carbon economy faster and better in China, and at the same time, it should promote enterprises and guide the public to develop low-carbon economy together. Finally, under the premise of government leading, the countermeasures and suggestions on the development of low-carbon economy of China are put forward.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工程大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F124.5

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