【摘要】：農(nóng)村發(fā)展是我國關(guān)注的焦點,而就業(yè)為民生之本,所以農(nóng)村就業(yè)問題應(yīng)引起我們的高度重視,且在我國經(jīng)濟飛速發(fā)展的背景下,經(jīng)濟增長必定會從各方面影響農(nóng)村就業(yè)承載能力�；诖�,我們研究中國經(jīng)濟增長對農(nóng)村就業(yè)承載力的影響。本文首先研究了農(nóng)村就業(yè)綜合承載力的科學(xué)概念與結(jié)構(gòu),在此基礎(chǔ)上從農(nóng)村資源環(huán)境、基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施、社會經(jīng)濟三方面論述中國經(jīng)濟增長影響農(nóng)村就業(yè)承載規(guī)模的具體機制。其次,從上述三方面建立指標(biāo)體系,運用主成分分析法確定指標(biāo)權(quán)重,通過換算得出各省農(nóng)村就業(yè)人口承載規(guī)模,并與農(nóng)村就業(yè)人數(shù)對比分析。研究結(jié)果表明,近12年重慶農(nóng)村就業(yè)人口超載情況最為嚴(yán)重。同時,近12年,全國31個省、直轄市、自治區(qū)中,有18個省、直轄市、自治區(qū)出現(xiàn)了不同程度的超載情況,整體農(nóng)村就業(yè)狀況不容樂觀。其中東部地區(qū)11省中有6省出現(xiàn)了超載情況;中部地區(qū)8省中有6省出現(xiàn)了超載情況;西部地區(qū)12省有6省出現(xiàn)了超載情況。再次,基于我國2004-2015年省際面板數(shù)據(jù),建立動態(tài)面板模型,運用GMM方法,分別針對全國及區(qū)域研究經(jīng)濟增長及其他因素對農(nóng)村就業(yè)承載力的影響。實證結(jié)果表明:經(jīng)濟增長對農(nóng)村就業(yè)承載力起到了一定的推動作用,其中東部地區(qū)經(jīng)濟增長起到的推動作用尤為明顯;滯后一期農(nóng)村就業(yè)承載力對當(dāng)期農(nóng)村就業(yè)承載力有明顯的推動作用;對于全國、中部、西部地區(qū),外商投資的影響效果并不明顯,但對于東部地區(qū),外商投資對農(nóng)村就業(yè)承載力造成一定的影響。最后,依據(jù)研究結(jié)果提出相應(yīng)對策建議。第一,促進區(qū)域協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展;第二,大力發(fā)展農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟;第三,改善農(nóng)村就業(yè)環(huán)境;第四,提升農(nóng)村人力資本;第五,加快農(nóng)村人口轉(zhuǎn)移。
[Abstract]:Rural development is the focus of our country's attention, and employment is the foundation of people's livelihood, so we should attach great importance to the issue of rural employment, and in the context of the rapid economic development of our country, Economic growth will certainly affect the carrying capacity of rural employment in all aspects. Based on this, we study the impact of China's economic growth on rural employment capacity. This paper first studies the scientific concept and structure of the comprehensive carrying capacity of rural employment, and on this basis discusses the specific mechanism of the impact of China's economic growth on the carrying scale of rural employment from the three aspects of rural resource environment, infrastructure and social economy. Secondly, the index system is established from the above three aspects, the index weight is determined by principal component analysis, and the carrying scale of rural employed population in each province is obtained by conversion, and the comparative analysis is made with the rural employment population. The results show that the overloading of rural employment population in Chongqing is the most serious in the past 12 years. At the same time, in the past 12 years, among the 31 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions in China, 18 provinces, municipalities directly under the Central Government and autonomous regions have been overloaded to varying degrees, and the overall employment situation in rural areas is not optimistic. Six of the 11 provinces in the eastern region were overloaded, 6 of the 8 provinces in the central region were overloaded, and 6 of the 12 provinces in the western region were overloaded. Thirdly, based on the provincial panel data from 2004 to 2015, a dynamic panel model is established, and the GMM method is used to study the impact of economic growth and other factors on the rural employment capacity. The empirical results show that: economic growth has played a role in promoting the rural employment capacity, especially in the eastern region; The lagging first stage of rural employment carrying capacity has a significant role in promoting the current rural employment carrying capacity; For the whole country, central and western regions, the effect of foreign investment is not obvious, but for the eastern region, foreign investment has a certain impact on the carrying capacity of rural employment. Finally, according to the research results, the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are put forward. First, promote regional coordinated development; second, vigorously develop rural economy; third, improve the rural employment environment; fourth, enhance rural human capital; fifth, accelerate rural population transfer.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F124;F249.2

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