【摘要】：新常態(tài)下,中國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng),一方面面臨著增長(zhǎng)速度的放緩,另一方面資源約束與氣候問(wèn)題變得日益緊迫。中國(guó)既要保持一定的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)速度,又要應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化帶來(lái)的挑戰(zhàn),在此雙重壓力下,尋求合理的經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型路徑迫在眉睫。面對(duì)碳減排承諾與經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的雙重約束,低碳技術(shù)的研發(fā)與有效利用可能將成為在碳排放約束下實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)目標(biāo)的有效手段。因此,深入探索低碳技術(shù)對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的內(nèi)在影響機(jī)理,進(jìn)而為我國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型提供理論指導(dǎo),最終促進(jìn)我國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)。本文首先對(duì)低碳技術(shù)、低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)和經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的相關(guān)研究進(jìn)行了梳理與評(píng)述;其次,分析了中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)與碳排放的現(xiàn)狀與聯(lián)系,并與發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家以及世界平均水平進(jìn)行了對(duì)比研究;再次,論述了低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)與低碳技術(shù)的內(nèi)涵,對(duì)低碳技術(shù)進(jìn)行分類,并據(jù)此提出相應(yīng)的楔形減排方案;復(fù)次,基于微觀消費(fèi)行為最優(yōu)化基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合拉姆齊模型就低碳技術(shù)對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的影響機(jī)理進(jìn)行分析。一方面,借助顯示性偏好理論,給出在碳減排約束下,低碳技術(shù)使得消費(fèi)貼現(xiàn)率下降的一個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)解釋,然后基于拉姆齊經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)模型建立了低碳技術(shù)通過(guò)對(duì)消費(fèi)者行為最優(yōu)化,促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的微觀基礎(chǔ)。另一方面,綜合分析給出低碳技術(shù)從生產(chǎn)與消費(fèi)兩大路徑對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的作用機(jī)理;最后,就低碳技術(shù)對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的影響給出實(shí)證檢驗(yàn),并針對(duì)如何發(fā)展低碳技術(shù)推動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)問(wèn)題提出了相應(yīng)的政策建議。論文的理論與實(shí)證分析結(jié)果表明:(1)我國(guó)在經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)放緩與自主碳減排承諾的雙重壓力下,低碳技術(shù)的發(fā)展與利用將成為我國(guó)未來(lái)經(jīng)濟(jì)穩(wěn)增長(zhǎng)的決定性因素。(2)低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展起始階段,碳減排的硬約束會(huì)對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)造成一定的擠出效應(yīng),使得經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)面臨暫時(shí)的困難。(3)長(zhǎng)期來(lái)看,低碳技術(shù)的發(fā)展在解決碳排放問(wèn)題的同時(shí),一方面對(duì)生產(chǎn)的推動(dòng)效應(yīng)將戰(zhàn)勝擠出效應(yīng),另一方面通過(guò)影響消費(fèi)者效用貼現(xiàn)率以及行為選擇,對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)產(chǎn)生促進(jìn)作用。(4)在碳排放約束下,低碳技術(shù)相對(duì)于一般性的技術(shù),由于其可能帶來(lái)的對(duì)人類行為選擇的影響,其對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)產(chǎn)出的促進(jìn)作用相對(duì)更具有可持續(xù)性。根據(jù)本文的研究結(jié)論,筆者在最后針對(duì)碳減排約束下,為保持經(jīng)濟(jì)穩(wěn)定增長(zhǎng)提出相關(guān)政策建議。如逐步從對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展高增長(zhǎng)的依賴,轉(zhuǎn)為對(duì)高經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)質(zhì)量的依賴;針對(duì)低碳技術(shù)所處階段的不同,采用相應(yīng)的差異化政策;加大碳減排層面的國(guó)際低碳技術(shù)合作,同時(shí)加強(qiáng)國(guó)內(nèi)低碳技術(shù)創(chuàng)新;注重生產(chǎn)性減排的同時(shí),進(jìn)一步重視消費(fèi)性減排;加快推進(jìn)、落實(shí)碳稅征收相關(guān)工作;加快轉(zhuǎn)變政府職能,盡快完善碳排放權(quán)市場(chǎng)交易體系,充分發(fā)揮市場(chǎng)在低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展過(guò)程中的決定性作用。
[Abstract]:Under the new normal, China's economic growth is facing a slowdown on the one hand, on the other hand, resource constraints and climate problems become increasingly urgent. China has to maintain a certain rate of economic growth, but also to meet the challenges posed by climate change. Under this dual pressure, it is urgent to seek a reasonable path of economic transformation. Faced with the dual constraints of carbon emission reduction commitment and economic growth, the research and development and effective utilization of low-carbon technology may become an effective means to achieve economic growth under carbon emission constraints. Therefore, the internal influence mechanism of low-carbon technology on economic development is deeply explored, which will provide theoretical guidance for China's economic transformation and ultimately promote the economic growth of our country. In this paper, firstly, the research on low-carbon technology, low-carbon economy and economic growth are reviewed and reviewed; secondly, the current situation and relationship between economic growth and carbon emissions in China are analyzed. And compared with the developed countries and the world average level. Thirdly, it discusses the connotation of low-carbon economy and low-carbon technology, classifies low-carbon technology, and puts forward the corresponding wedge-shaped emission reduction scheme. Based on the optimization of micro consumption behavior and Ramsey model, the influence mechanism of low carbon technology on economic growth is analyzed. On the one hand, with the aid of the theory of indicative preference, an economic explanation is given that low carbon technology can reduce the discount rate of consumption under the constraint of carbon emission reduction. Then, based on Ramsey's economic growth model, the micro basis of low carbon technology to promote economic growth by optimizing consumer behavior is established. On the other hand, it gives the mechanism of low carbon technology acting on economic growth from production and consumption. Finally, it gives an empirical test on the impact of low carbon technology on economic growth. Some policy suggestions on how to develop low-carbon technology to promote economic growth are put forward. The theoretical and empirical results show that: (1) China is under the dual pressure of economic growth slowdown and independent carbon emission reduction commitment. The development and utilization of low-carbon technology will be the decisive factor of stable economic growth in the future in China. (2) in the initial stage of low-carbon economy development, the hard constraint of carbon emission reduction will cause a certain crowding out effect on the economy. It makes economic growth face temporary difficulties. (3) in the long run, the development of low-carbon technologies will not only solve the problem of carbon emissions, but also, on the one hand, promote production and defeat the crowding out effect. On the other hand, it promotes the economy by influencing consumer utility discount rate and behavior choice. (4) under carbon emission constraint, low carbon technology is relative to general technology, because of its possible impact on human behavior choice. Its contribution to economic output is relatively more sustainable. According to the conclusion of this paper, the author puts forward some policy suggestions to maintain stable economic growth under the constraint of carbon emission reduction. For example, gradually shifting from dependence on high growth in economic development to reliance on high quality of economic growth; adopting corresponding differentiated policies for different stages of low-carbon technologies; and increasing international low-carbon technology cooperation at the level of carbon emission reduction, At the same time, strengthen the domestic low-carbon technology innovation; pay attention to the productive emission reduction, at the same time, pay more attention to the consumption emission reduction; accelerate the implementation of carbon tax collection related work; accelerate the transformation of government functions, and improve the carbon emissions rights market trading system as soon as possible. Give full play to the market in the development of low-carbon economy in the decisive role.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：X22;F124

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