本文選題：國土空間開發(fā)格局 + 低碳經(jīng)濟�。� 參考：《中國人口·資源與環(huán)境》2017年09期

【摘要】：有別于單純的"區(qū)域競爭"模式,國土空間開發(fā)格局逐漸成為新形勢下我國區(qū)域發(fā)展的基礎和前提,區(qū)域開發(fā)應滿足前者的基本要求。本文根據(jù)各省基于縣級單元的主體功能區(qū)劃,以2010年為基年,通過建立人口、經(jīng)濟、產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)和溫室氣體排放等多層次指標體系,評價"十二五"時期我國區(qū)域低碳經(jīng)濟與國土空間開發(fā)格局協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展的進展程度。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),城市化地區(qū)(重點開發(fā)區(qū)和優(yōu)化開發(fā)區(qū))以占不到18%的國土面積,集聚了1/2以上的人口和3/4的經(jīng)濟產(chǎn)出;農(nóng)產(chǎn)品主產(chǎn)區(qū)的面積占比超過1/4,人口比例接近1/3;重點生態(tài)功能區(qū)面積比例接近56%,人口比例低于10%。2010—2014年,從全國范圍看,各類主體功能區(qū)的發(fā)展態(tài)勢與其功能定位基本吻合,表現(xiàn)為優(yōu)化開發(fā)區(qū)、農(nóng)產(chǎn)品主產(chǎn)區(qū)和重點生態(tài)功能區(qū)的人口和經(jīng)濟集聚度均有微降,而重點開發(fā)區(qū)有所上升;各區(qū)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)均有所優(yōu)化,但農(nóng)產(chǎn)品主產(chǎn)區(qū)和重點生態(tài)功能區(qū)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整的幅度小于城市化地區(qū)。具體到各省,研究發(fā)現(xiàn)本文所研究的"協(xié)調(diào)性"進展與傳統(tǒng)意義上的東、中、西區(qū)域劃分和發(fā)展水平并無直接關系,例如同為東部地區(qū)的京津冀三地,協(xié)調(diào)性進展有顯著差異,也顯示出三地協(xié)同發(fā)展的難度。相反,一些慣常認為發(fā)展較為落后的省區(qū),例如河北、青海、山西等地,在經(jīng)濟發(fā)展與國土空間開發(fā)格局的協(xié)調(diào)性方面所付出的努力和成效走在前列。部分地區(qū)低碳發(fā)展與其國土空間開發(fā)格局呈現(xiàn)出相對不協(xié)調(diào)的態(tài)勢,主要表現(xiàn)為農(nóng)產(chǎn)品主產(chǎn)區(qū)和重點生態(tài)保護區(qū)都出現(xiàn)了經(jīng)濟集聚度上升、產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)劣化、CO_2排放大幅度上升、排放強度甚至也上升的趨勢。
[Abstract]:Different from the simple pattern of "regional competition", the pattern of land and space development has gradually become the foundation and premise of regional development in China under the new situation, and regional development should meet the basic requirements of the former. In this paper, according to the main functional divisions of the provinces based on the county units, and taking 2010 as the base year, through the establishment of population, economy, industrial structure and greenhouse gas emissions, and other multi-level indicator system, This paper evaluates the development of regional low-carbon economy and territorial and spatial development pattern in the 12th Five-Year Plan period. The study found that urbanization areas (key development zones and optimized development zones) accounted for less than 18% of the land area, gathered more than 1 / 2 of the population and 3 / 4 of economic output; The area of the main producing areas of agricultural products accounts for more than a quarter, and the proportion of the population is close to one third; the proportion of the key ecological functional areas is close to 56; the proportion of the population is lower than 10.2010-2014. From a nationwide perspective, the development situation of various main functional areas basically coincides with their functional orientation. The main agricultural production areas and the key ecological functional areas have a slight decline in population and economic concentration, while key development zones have increased, and the industrial structure of each region has been optimized. But the range of industrial structure adjustment in the main agricultural production area and the key ecological function area is smaller than that in the urbanization area. In each province, it is found that the progress of "coordination" studied in this paper is not directly related to the division and development level of the eastern, central and western regions in the traditional sense. For example, there are significant differences in the progress of coordination among the three places of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei, which are also in the eastern region. It also shows the difficulty of coordinated development among the three places. On the contrary, some provinces and autonomous regions, such as Hebei, Qinghai, Shanxi, and so on, have made great efforts and achievements in coordinating economic development with the pattern of land and space development. The low carbon development in some areas and the pattern of land and space development in some areas show a relatively incongruous trend, mainly manifested in the increase of economic concentration in the main producing areas of agricultural products and the key ecological protection areas, and the substantial increase in the emission of CO _ 2 from the deterioration of industrial structure. Emission intensity is even rising.
【作者單位】： 國家發(fā)展和改革委員會能源研究所;中國21世紀議程管理中心;中國科學研究院地理科學與資源研究所;國務院參事室;
【基金】：中國清潔發(fā)展基金贈款項目“典型國家適應氣候變化方案研究與中國適應策略和行動方案”(批準號:2013034),“低碳發(fā)展區(qū)域政策與國土空間開發(fā)格局的協(xié)調(diào)性研究”(批準號:2014074) 2016年國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目“國家及主要區(qū)域空氣質(zhì)量改善路線圖研究”(批準號:2016YFC0207503)
【分類號】：F124.5;F205

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