本文選題：綠色增長 + 技術(shù)創(chuàng)新效率　； 參考：《大連理工大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：自改革開放以來,我國保持著快速穩(wěn)定的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展,取得了令世界矚目的成績。但在發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)的同時(shí),資源環(huán)境為此付出了巨大的代價(jià),集中力量發(fā)展綠色經(jīng)濟(jì)已刻不容緩。綠色增長的關(guān)鍵問題是提高資源環(huán)境績效,即通過提高資源利用效率的方式,降低能源使用強(qiáng)度及污染物的排放,其中核心的問題在于提高綠色創(chuàng)新能力。若要提高綠色創(chuàng)新能力,除了要加大對創(chuàng)新的投入之外,還不能忽視區(qū)域綠色創(chuàng)新效率。對我國,在環(huán)境資源與創(chuàng)新資源都有限的情況下,研究如何盡可能地以最少的投入獲得最多的產(chǎn)出、提高環(huán)境與創(chuàng)新資源的利用效率,對于緩解資源不足、提升區(qū)域技術(shù)創(chuàng)新能力都具有重要的意義。 本文對綠色增長、技術(shù)創(chuàng)新效率及二者關(guān)系等相關(guān)研究進(jìn)行文獻(xiàn)綜述的基礎(chǔ)上,利用由Fried等人(2002)提出的三階段DEA方法,對2008-2011年我國30個省(市)、自治區(qū)、直轄市及18個OECD國家的技術(shù)創(chuàng)新效率進(jìn)行測算,分析外部宏觀環(huán)境因素對技術(shù)創(chuàng)新效率的影響,比較我國不同地區(qū)效率差異及與OECD國家的差距,利用聚類分析將具有相似發(fā)展水平的省市或國家歸為一組。 本文的研究結(jié)果顯示,在剔除外部宏觀環(huán)境因素和隨機(jī)誤差項(xiàng)影響之后,我國各省的技術(shù)創(chuàng)新效率和規(guī)模效率均值有所下降,純技術(shù)創(chuàng)新效率均值顯著提高,但仍低于規(guī)模效率,技術(shù)和管理水平較低是阻礙我國多數(shù)省市技術(shù)創(chuàng)新效率提高的重要因素。我國尚有很多省份處于規(guī)模報(bào)酬遞增狀態(tài),實(shí)際投入不足。不同地區(qū)的技術(shù)創(chuàng)新發(fā)展程度不同,東部地區(qū)相對其他地區(qū)的技術(shù)創(chuàng)新效率更高,而西部地區(qū)的技術(shù)創(chuàng)新效率較低。與OECD國家相比,我國的創(chuàng)新能力和創(chuàng)新效率仍存在很大的提升空間。通過聚類結(jié)果可以發(fā)現(xiàn),我國屬于技術(shù)創(chuàng)新效率較低組別,與葡萄牙、斯洛伐克、挪威、波蘭等國家具有相似的發(fā)展路徑。外部宏觀環(huán)境因素對區(qū)域技術(shù)創(chuàng)新效率有一定影響,其中科技創(chuàng)新環(huán)境和政府環(huán)境投入能夠顯著地減少投入量,而外商投資雖然能減少研發(fā)人員投入和經(jīng)費(fèi)支出,但會增加廢氣污染物排放量。 最后,針對研究結(jié)論,本文提出政策建議。我國今后應(yīng)明確技術(shù)創(chuàng)新目標(biāo),在發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)的同時(shí),關(guān)注資源節(jié)約和環(huán)境保護(hù)問題,可以從環(huán)境、技術(shù)和經(jīng)濟(jì)三個方面實(shí)施具體的政策；應(yīng)加大對科技的投入、對環(huán)境保護(hù)的支持,創(chuàng)造有利于技術(shù)創(chuàng)新效率提升的外部宏觀環(huán)境,引導(dǎo)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新效率高的地區(qū)帶動效率低的地區(qū),實(shí)現(xiàn)全國范圍內(nèi)的協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China has maintained a rapid and stable economic development, and has made remarkable achievements in the world. But at the same time, the resources and environment have paid a great price, so it is urgent to concentrate on the development of green economy. The key problem of green growth is to improve the performance of resources and environment, that is, to reduce the intensity of energy use and the emission of pollutants by improving the efficiency of resource utilization, among which the core problem is to improve the ability of green innovation. If we want to improve the ability of green innovation, we should not ignore the efficiency of regional green innovation besides increasing the input of innovation. To our country, under the circumstance that the environment resources and the innovation resources are limited, the research how to obtain the most output with the least input as possible, to improve the utilization efficiency of the environment and the innovation resources, to alleviate the shortage of the resources. It is of great significance to enhance the ability of regional technological innovation. Based on the literature review of green growth, technological innovation efficiency and the relationship between them, and using the three-stage DEA method proposed by Fried et al. 2002, 30 provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions) in China from 2008 to 2011 are studied. The technological innovation efficiency of the municipality directly under the Central Government and 18 OECD countries is measured, the influence of external macro environmental factors on the technological innovation efficiency is analyzed, and the differences between China's different regions and OECD countries are compared. Cluster analysis is used to group provinces, cities and countries with similar levels of development. The results of this paper show that after removing the influence of external macro environmental factors and random errors, the average value of technological innovation efficiency and scale efficiency of every province in China has decreased, while the average of pure technological innovation efficiency has been significantly increased. However, it is still lower than the scale efficiency, and the low level of technology and management is an important factor that hinders the improvement of technological innovation efficiency in most provinces and cities of China. There are still many provinces in China in the state of increasing returns, the actual investment is insufficient. The degree of development of technological innovation in different regions is different. The efficiency of technological innovation in the eastern region is higher than that in other regions, but the technological innovation efficiency in the western region is lower. Compared with OECD countries, there is still much room for improvement of innovation ability and efficiency in China. The clustering results show that China belongs to the low efficiency group of technological innovation and has a similar development path with Portugal Slovakia Norway Poland and so on. External macro environmental factors have certain influence on the efficiency of regional technological innovation, in which the environment of science and technology innovation and the environmental input of government can significantly reduce the amount of investment, while foreign investment can reduce the investment of R & D personnel and expenditure. But it will increase emissions of pollutants. Finally, according to the conclusions of the study, this paper puts forward policy recommendations. In the future, China should make clear the goal of technological innovation, pay attention to the problems of resource conservation and environmental protection while developing economy, and implement specific policies from three aspects of environment, technology and economy, and increase investment in science and technology. Support for environmental protection, create an external macro environment conducive to improving the efficiency of technological innovation, guide the regions with high efficiency of technological innovation to drive the areas with low efficiency, and realize the coordinated development of the whole country.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F124.3

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