本文選題：寧夏 + 金融發(fā)展��； 參考：《西北民族大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：企業(yè)家精神是推動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的動(dòng)力之一,在當(dāng)前鼓勵(lì)"大眾創(chuàng)業(yè)、萬(wàn)眾創(chuàng)新"的環(huán)境下,企業(yè)家精神的培育就顯得更為重要。同時(shí),經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)也離不開(kāi)金融的支持,一個(gè)發(fā)展良好的金融體系有助于優(yōu)化資源配置,緩解信貸約束。早在1912年,Schumpeter就對(duì)"金融本質(zhì)"做出過(guò)闡述,認(rèn)為其本質(zhì)是甄選出最具創(chuàng)新潛力的企業(yè)家,并為他們提供資金上的支持。此后關(guān)于"金融發(fā)展、企業(yè)家精神與經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)"的研究有所停滯,直到幾十年以后,金融發(fā)展理論又重新開(kāi)始強(qiáng)調(diào)金融發(fā)展的核心應(yīng)該回歸到"金融本質(zhì)"上來(lái)。因而,構(gòu)建一個(gè)有利于培育企業(yè)家精神的金融體系對(duì)于促進(jìn)地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)而言是非常必要的。目前,學(xué)術(shù)界已有大量關(guān)于這一問(wèn)題的研究,但國(guó)外學(xué)者比較注重發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家間的比較,我國(guó)學(xué)者也很少針對(duì)某一個(gè)體省份進(jìn)行研究,將民族地區(qū)作為研究對(duì)象的更是少之又少。寧夏回族自治區(qū)兼具民族地區(qū)與西部落后地區(qū)的雙重身份,近年來(lái),隨著市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)改革進(jìn)程的加快,寧夏的經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展有了明顯進(jìn)步,初步建立起了現(xiàn)代金融體系,企業(yè)家精神也得到了一定程度的釋放。本文基于金融發(fā)展、企業(yè)家精神和經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的相關(guān)理論,借鑒現(xiàn)有研究成果,界定了本文的研究范疇。然后從金融發(fā)展規(guī)模、金融發(fā)展效率和證券市場(chǎng)發(fā)展情況三個(gè)方面選取了反映寧夏金融發(fā)展水平的指標(biāo),并用自我雇傭率和人均(萬(wàn)人)新建企業(yè)率衡量了寧夏的企業(yè)家精神。接著利用2000-2015年寧夏金融發(fā)展、企業(yè)家精神和經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù),通過(guò)單位根檢驗(yàn)和協(xié)整檢驗(yàn)對(duì)寧夏金融發(fā)展、企業(yè)家精神與經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的關(guān)系進(jìn)行實(shí)證分析,得出以下五點(diǎn)結(jié)論:第一,金融規(guī)模的擴(kuò)張不僅沒(méi)有促進(jìn)寧夏的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng),反而對(duì)其產(chǎn)生了不利影響;第二,金融發(fā)展效率的提升顯著促進(jìn)了寧夏經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng);第三,資本市場(chǎng)的發(fā)展有助于推動(dòng)寧夏經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng);第四,企業(yè)家精神是寧夏經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的源泉之一;第五,寧夏的金融發(fā)展過(guò)程并沒(méi)有對(duì)企業(yè)家精神的培育形成強(qiáng)有力的支持,因而阻礙了經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)。最后,本文認(rèn)為寧夏下一步金融改革的關(guān)鍵在于構(gòu)建一個(gè)有利于培育企業(yè)家精神的金融體系,并提出了如下六點(diǎn)對(duì)策建議:發(fā)展中小型金融機(jī)構(gòu);完善銀行信貸管理和利率定價(jià)機(jī)制;創(chuàng)新金融產(chǎn)品和服務(wù);加快資本市場(chǎng)發(fā)展;放松金融管制;健全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分擔(dān)和補(bǔ)償機(jī)制。
[Abstract]:Entrepreneurship is one of the driving forces to promote economic growth. In the current environment of encouraging "mass entrepreneurship and mass innovation", the cultivation of entrepreneurship becomes more and more important.At the same time, economic growth can not be separated from financial support. A well-developed financial system helps to optimize resource allocation and ease credit constraints.As early as 1912 Schumpeter described the essence of finance as selecting the most innovative entrepreneurs and providing them with financial support.Since then, the research on "financial development, entrepreneurship and economic growth" has stagnated, until a few decades later, the theory of financial development began to emphasize the core of financial development should return to the "financial essence".Therefore, it is necessary to build a financial system conducive to fostering entrepreneurship in order to promote regional economic growth.At present, there has been a large number of academic research on this issue, but foreign scholars pay more attention to the comparison between developed countries, Chinese scholars also rarely study a certain individual province, and the minority areas as the object of study is even less.The Ningxia Hui Autonomous region has both the identity of the minority areas and the backward areas in the west. In recent years, with the acceleration of the reform process of the market economy, the economic and social development of Ningxia has made remarkable progress, and a modern financial system has been preliminarily established.Entrepreneurship has also been released to a certain extent.Based on the theories of financial development, entrepreneurship and economic growth, this paper defines the scope of this paper by referring to the existing research results.Then the paper selects the indexes reflecting the level of financial development in Ningxia from three aspects: the scale of financial development, the efficiency of financial development and the development of securities market, and measures the entrepreneurship of Ningxia by using the self-employment rate and the rate of new enterprises per capita (10,000 people).Based on the data of financial development, entrepreneurship and economic growth in Ningxia from 2000 to 2015, this paper analyzes the relationship between financial development, entrepreneurship and economic growth through unit root test and cointegration test.The following five conclusions are drawn: first, the expansion of financial scale not only does not promote the economic growth of Ningxia, but has a negative impact on it; second, the improvement of financial development efficiency has significantly promoted the economic growth of Ningxia; third,The development of the capital market helps to promote economic growth in Ningxia; fourth, entrepreneurship is one of the sources of economic growth in Ningxia; fifth, the financial development process in Ningxia has not given strong support to the cultivation of entrepreneurship.This hinders economic growth.Finally, the paper thinks that the key of Ningxia's next financial reform is to build a financial system which is conducive to cultivating entrepreneurship, and puts forward the following six countermeasures: developing small and medium-sized financial institutions;We will improve bank credit management and interest rate pricing mechanisms; innovate financial products and services; speed up the development of capital markets; relax financial controls; and improve risk-sharing and compensation mechanisms.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北民族大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F832.7;F127;F279.27

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