美國家庭農(nóng)場研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-07-02 18:46
【摘要】：農(nóng)業(yè)是國民經(jīng)濟的基礎(chǔ)。美國是當今世界上農(nóng)業(yè)最發(fā)達的國家，不僅農(nóng)產(chǎn)品種類多，產(chǎn)量大，而且也是農(nóng)產(chǎn)品出口最多的國家。美國農(nóng)業(yè)之所以成功，除了有其得天獨厚的農(nóng)業(yè)資源因素，但更與其經(jīng)歷百年的歷史演化和激烈的市場競爭所形成的農(nóng)業(yè)的組織結(jié)構(gòu)和經(jīng)營機制有關(guān)。而家庭農(nóng)場作為美國農(nóng)業(yè)重要的經(jīng)營組織形式，為美國農(nóng)業(yè)的發(fā)展，并且成為全球糧食生產(chǎn)和出口大國做出了巨大的貢獻。 我國改革開放三十多年來，農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展迅速，取得了舉世矚目的成績，但如今，隨著農(nóng)村生產(chǎn)力的發(fā)展，目前已有的農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營模式逐漸無法適應(yīng)現(xiàn)代化、國際化農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展的需要。需要進一步探求適合現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展的我國農(nóng)業(yè)企業(yè)制度。本文通過對美國家庭農(nóng)場的經(jīng)營發(fā)展及面臨的問題的研究分析，總結(jié)其農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展的成功經(jīng)驗，并針對我國的農(nóng)村實際，對我國農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展提供相關(guān)的建議。 本文一共分為六章。 第一章是緒論部分，介紹了選題背景和研究意義、文獻綜述和論文框架部分。 第二章是美國家庭農(nóng)場的一般分析，分別從概念、分類和歷史及發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀三個方面向讀者簡要介紹了家庭農(nóng)場的基本概念。家庭農(nóng)場是美國農(nóng)業(yè)的重要的經(jīng)營組織形式，通過對于歷史及發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀的分析，更加清楚地了解美國家庭農(nóng)場。 第三章美國家庭農(nóng)場的組織形式、經(jīng)營模式及特點。本章介紹了家庭農(nóng)場的分類，家庭農(nóng)場的經(jīng)營形式以及發(fā)展趨勢，分別闡述了家庭農(nóng)場科技化與機械化、農(nóng)產(chǎn)品商品化以及重視環(huán)境資源保護的特點。 第四章是促進美國家庭農(nóng)場發(fā)展的有利條件。美國土地遼闊，土壤肥沃，是美國家庭農(nóng)場發(fā)展的最基礎(chǔ)的條件。美國土地和相關(guān)的農(nóng)業(yè)政策對家庭農(nóng)場發(fā)展也起到了決定性的作用。與此同時，美國農(nóng)業(yè)的發(fā)展和現(xiàn)如今高度現(xiàn)代化發(fā)展有著密切的聯(lián)系。應(yīng)運而生的各種社會化服務(wù)體系對于家庭農(nóng)場的發(fā)展起到了推動的作用。 第五章美國家庭農(nóng)場經(jīng)營績效、面臨的問題及發(fā)展趨勢，美國農(nóng)業(yè)是高度發(fā)達的，無論是在國民經(jīng)濟中或者是世界上，都有著重要的地位。在美國家庭農(nóng)場200多年的發(fā)展歷史過程中，美國農(nóng)場家庭的全國家庭的平均收入水平已經(jīng)遠遠低于美國農(nóng)場家庭的平均收入，這表明美國的家庭農(nóng)場對整個農(nóng)業(yè)，，及對國家整體經(jīng)濟的貢獻。它不僅增加了農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)量，提高農(nóng)民的收入，也帶動相關(guān)產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展。在發(fā)展過程中也面臨了財務(wù)壓力，經(jīng)營者老齡化和婦女化以及市場不穩(wěn)定的多方面的問題。本章也簡要分析了家庭農(nóng)場必然的發(fā)展趨勢。 第六章針對中美家庭農(nóng)場的發(fā)展問題進行了比較分析，首先介紹了中國家庭農(nóng)場所面臨亟待解決的問題，分析了我國在金融政策、土地政策、社會化服務(wù)體系和農(nóng)民整體教育水平的基礎(chǔ)上，得出一些結(jié)論，就是一是我國需要實行土地制度的改革，發(fā)展規(guī)模經(jīng)營；二要改革創(chuàng)新農(nóng)業(yè)的經(jīng)濟組織形式，提高組織的生產(chǎn)效率；三要充分照顧重視農(nóng)戶的主體地位和農(nóng)業(yè)合作經(jīng)濟組織的發(fā)展。與此同時，將加強農(nóng)民教育，培養(yǎng)農(nóng)民精英作為保障和支撐條件；其次要有效轉(zhuǎn)變政府職能，加強深化政府的服務(wù)作用。
[Abstract]:Agriculture is the foundation of the national economy. The United States is the most developed country in the world today, not only has many agricultural products, large output, but also the most export country of agricultural products. The success of American agriculture, in addition to its unique agricultural resource factors, is more relevant to the organization structure and operation mechanism of the agriculture formed by the historical evolution and the fierce market competition. The family farm, as an important agricultural organization in the United States, has made great contributions to the development of American agriculture, and has made a great contribution to the global food production and export countries. Since the reform and opening-up of our country for more than 30 years, the agricultural development has been developing rapidly, and the world-wide achievements have been achieved, but now, with the development of the rural productivity, the existing agricultural production and operation model has gradually been unable to meet the needs of the modernization and the international agricultural development It is necessary to further explore the agricultural enterprise system in China, which is suitable for the development of modern agriculture. Based on the research and analysis of the development and problems of the American family farm, this paper summarizes the successful experience of the agricultural development, and provides the relevant construction for China's agricultural development in the light of the rural reality of our country. This paper is divided into two parts. The first chapter is the introduction section. The background and significance of the topic selection, the literature review and the theory are introduced. The second chapter is the general analysis of American family farm, and introduces the family from three aspects: concept, classification, history and development. The basic concept of the farm. The family farm is an important form of the management organization of the American agriculture, and through the analysis of the present situation of history and development, it is more clear American family farm. Chapter 3. The organization of American family farms. In this chapter, the classification of family farm, the form of the family farm and the development trend are introduced in this chapter. The technology and mechanization of the family farm, the commercialization of the agricultural products and the importance are expounded. The fourth chapter is to promote the protection of environmental resources. The favorable conditions for the development of the family farm. The land of the United States is vast, the soil is fertile, it is the American family The most basic condition for farm development. U.S. land and related agricultural policies are being sent to the family farm The show has also played a decisive role. At the same time, the development of American agriculture and the current high The development of the generation has a close relationship with the development of the family. The various socialized service systems have come into being for the family farm. The development of American family farm has played an important role in the development of American agriculture, which is highly developed, whether in the national economy or in the national economy. In the history of the more than 200 years of development in the American family farm, the average income of the family in the United States has fallen far below the average income of the U.S. farm family, which suggests that the American family farm is a whole for the entire farm It not only increases the agricultural output, but also improves the farmers' contribution to the whole economy. The income of the business also drives the development of the related industries. In the course of development, the financial pressure, the aging of the operator and the transformation of the women are also faced. There are many problems in the instability of the market. This chapter also provides a brief summary. The paper analyses the development trend of the family farm. The sixth chapter makes a comparative analysis of the development of the family farm in China and the United States. The paper first introduces the problems to be solved in China's family farm, and analyzes the financial policy, land policy and social service of our country. On the basis of the system and the overall education level of the farmers, some conclusions are drawn: first, we need to carry out the reform of the land system and develop the scale management; the second is to reform the form of the economic organization of the innovation agriculture, to improve the production efficiency of the organization; and to take full care of the farmer's main At the same time, it will strengthen the farmer's education and train the farmers' elite as the guarantee and support condition, and then to transform the government effectively
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F371.2;F324.1
本文編號：2509147
[Abstract]:Agriculture is the foundation of the national economy. The United States is the most developed country in the world today, not only has many agricultural products, large output, but also the most export country of agricultural products. The success of American agriculture, in addition to its unique agricultural resource factors, is more relevant to the organization structure and operation mechanism of the agriculture formed by the historical evolution and the fierce market competition. The family farm, as an important agricultural organization in the United States, has made great contributions to the development of American agriculture, and has made a great contribution to the global food production and export countries. Since the reform and opening-up of our country for more than 30 years, the agricultural development has been developing rapidly, and the world-wide achievements have been achieved, but now, with the development of the rural productivity, the existing agricultural production and operation model has gradually been unable to meet the needs of the modernization and the international agricultural development It is necessary to further explore the agricultural enterprise system in China, which is suitable for the development of modern agriculture. Based on the research and analysis of the development and problems of the American family farm, this paper summarizes the successful experience of the agricultural development, and provides the relevant construction for China's agricultural development in the light of the rural reality of our country. This paper is divided into two parts. The first chapter is the introduction section. The background and significance of the topic selection, the literature review and the theory are introduced. The second chapter is the general analysis of American family farm, and introduces the family from three aspects: concept, classification, history and development. The basic concept of the farm. The family farm is an important form of the management organization of the American agriculture, and through the analysis of the present situation of history and development, it is more clear American family farm. Chapter 3. The organization of American family farms. In this chapter, the classification of family farm, the form of the family farm and the development trend are introduced in this chapter. The technology and mechanization of the family farm, the commercialization of the agricultural products and the importance are expounded. The fourth chapter is to promote the protection of environmental resources. The favorable conditions for the development of the family farm. The land of the United States is vast, the soil is fertile, it is the American family The most basic condition for farm development. U.S. land and related agricultural policies are being sent to the family farm The show has also played a decisive role. At the same time, the development of American agriculture and the current high The development of the generation has a close relationship with the development of the family. The various socialized service systems have come into being for the family farm. The development of American family farm has played an important role in the development of American agriculture, which is highly developed, whether in the national economy or in the national economy. In the history of the more than 200 years of development in the American family farm, the average income of the family in the United States has fallen far below the average income of the U.S. farm family, which suggests that the American family farm is a whole for the entire farm It not only increases the agricultural output, but also improves the farmers' contribution to the whole economy. The income of the business also drives the development of the related industries. In the course of development, the financial pressure, the aging of the operator and the transformation of the women are also faced. There are many problems in the instability of the market. This chapter also provides a brief summary. The paper analyses the development trend of the family farm. The sixth chapter makes a comparative analysis of the development of the family farm in China and the United States. The paper first introduces the problems to be solved in China's family farm, and analyzes the financial policy, land policy and social service of our country. On the basis of the system and the overall education level of the farmers, some conclusions are drawn: first, we need to carry out the reform of the land system and develop the scale management; the second is to reform the form of the economic organization of the innovation agriculture, to improve the production efficiency of the organization; and to take full care of the farmer's main At the same time, it will strengthen the farmer's education and train the farmers' elite as the guarantee and support condition, and then to transform the government effectively
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F371.2;F324.1
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