大數(shù)據(jù)背景下貴州農(nóng)村精準(zhǔn)扶貧識(shí)別機(jī)制研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-06-13 06:49
【摘要】：精準(zhǔn)識(shí)別是進(jìn)行精準(zhǔn)扶貧的首要環(huán)節(jié),精準(zhǔn)識(shí)別的精準(zhǔn)度直接關(guān)系著致貧分析、幫扶措施、資金安排等一系列問題,最終影響精準(zhǔn)扶貧的效果,關(guān)系到貧困戶是否能走出貧困。精準(zhǔn)扶貧的提出是由于中國(guó)扶貧已經(jīng)走到攻堅(jiān)階段,是啃硬骨頭、打硬仗的時(shí)期,以往的扶貧已經(jīng)很難再取得進(jìn)展性的突破,貧困戶的貧困問題也是老大難問題,在外部因素和內(nèi)部因素的共同作用之下,扶貧也就必須走創(chuàng)新之路,找出新辦法,解決老問題。精準(zhǔn)扶貧的開展第一步就是精準(zhǔn)識(shí)別,對(duì)精準(zhǔn)識(shí)別的研究可以探討識(shí)別機(jī)制中存在哪些優(yōu)勢(shì),存在的問題,以及如何解決問題,幫助更好的精準(zhǔn)識(shí)別出合適的貧困戶。在大數(shù)據(jù)時(shí)代發(fā)展的今天,數(shù)據(jù)量大、分散而且隱蔽,但是信息價(jià)值確是不可估量的,這可以從許多案例中找到答案。大數(shù)據(jù)背景下的精準(zhǔn)識(shí)別也就更具有意義。首先大數(shù)據(jù)的收集、處理、管理讓精準(zhǔn)識(shí)別更加科學(xué)合理,這種機(jī)械式的識(shí)別能夠避免參雜太多主觀因素判斷,而導(dǎo)致的惡意排斥和主觀排斥,這是大數(shù)據(jù)能夠幫助解決的;其次就是大數(shù)據(jù)共享,信息及時(shí)高效,這樣不管是政府幫扶單位還是企事業(yè)幫扶或是非政府組織的幫扶,都可以根據(jù)數(shù)據(jù)庫里面的實(shí)時(shí)動(dòng)態(tài)信息及時(shí)了解貧困戶情況,有利于制定或是更改幫扶措施,達(dá)到最優(yōu)化高效的扶貧;最后就是大數(shù)據(jù)下的退出機(jī)制,這樣可以根據(jù)貧困戶自身發(fā)展走勢(shì),挖掘出他們的內(nèi)生力,并且把已經(jīng)脫貧的農(nóng)戶及時(shí)退出數(shù)據(jù)平臺(tái),然后重新識(shí)別符合條件的貧困戶進(jìn)行幫扶,依次就形成一個(gè)自循環(huán)的幫扶系統(tǒng)。本文是利用文獻(xiàn)收集法和經(jīng)驗(yàn)分析法對(duì)貴州省大數(shù)據(jù)背景下的精準(zhǔn)識(shí)別進(jìn)行定性研究,以此來探討大數(shù)據(jù)下的精準(zhǔn)識(shí)別存在的優(yōu)勢(shì)和劣勢(shì)、存在的問題,以及提出相關(guān)建議。本文是以貴州省為研究對(duì)象,查找了一些地方的精準(zhǔn)識(shí)別工作機(jī)制,并對(duì)一個(gè)個(gè)案進(jìn)行分析,深入探討貴州大數(shù)據(jù)下的精準(zhǔn)識(shí)別。一是大數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)精準(zhǔn)扶貧的影響,這是說明大數(shù)據(jù)的加入帶給精準(zhǔn)扶貧的變化;二是對(duì)貴州個(gè)案在大數(shù)據(jù)背景下的精準(zhǔn)識(shí)別進(jìn)行詳細(xì)介紹,從而了解精準(zhǔn)識(shí)別機(jī)制的運(yùn)作過程及其中存在的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn);三是闡述大數(shù)據(jù)下,貴州精準(zhǔn)識(shí)別存在的不足:家庭收入難確定、貧困戶指標(biāo)受限、干部對(duì)扶貧認(rèn)識(shí)不足、臨界貧困戶難甄別等,并對(duì)相應(yīng)的問題進(jìn)行原因分析;四是提出解決方法,如完善扶貧政策、調(diào)動(dòng)識(shí)別積極性、完善識(shí)別指標(biāo)等;五是對(duì)全文進(jìn)行總結(jié)。
[Abstract]:Precision identification is the first link of precision poverty alleviation. The accuracy of precision identification is directly related to poverty-causing analysis, support measures, fund arrangement and a series of problems, which ultimately affect the effect of precision poverty alleviation and whether poor households can get out of poverty. The accurate poverty alleviation is due to the fact that poverty alleviation in China has reached the stage of tackling key problems, which is a period of gnawing hard bones and fighting hard battles. It is difficult to make further breakthroughs in poverty alleviation in the past, and the poverty problem of poor households is also an old and difficult problem. Under the joint action of external and internal factors, poverty alleviation must take the road of innovation, find out new ways to solve the old problems. The first step in the development of precision poverty alleviation is precision identification. The study of precision recognition can explore the advantages and problems in the identification mechanism, as well as how to solve the problems, so as to help better and accurately identify the suitable poor households. With the development of big data era, the amount of data is large, scattered and hidden, but the value of information is inestimable, which can be found in many cases. The precision recognition under the background of big data is more meaningful. First of all, big data's collection, processing and management makes accurate identification more scientific and reasonable. This kind of mechanical identification can avoid too many subjective factors to judge, and the malicious exclusion and subjective exclusion, which big data can help to solve. Secondly, big data shares, the information is timely and efficient, so that whether it is the government support units or enterprises or institutions or non-governmental organizations to help, can timely understand the situation of poor households according to the real-time dynamic information in the database, which is conducive to the formulation or change of support measures to achieve the optimal and efficient poverty alleviation; Finally, the exit mechanism under big data, according to the development trend of the poor households themselves, can excavate their endogeny, and withdraw the farmers who have been lifted out of poverty in time from the data platform, and then re-identify the eligible poor households to help, and then form a self-circulation support system in turn. This paper makes a qualitative study on the precision recognition under the background of big data in Guizhou Province by using the method of literature collection and empirical analysis, in order to explore the advantages and disadvantages of precision recognition under big data, the existing problems, and put forward some relevant suggestions. This paper takes Guizhou Province as the research object, finds out the working mechanism of precision recognition in some places, analyzes a case, and probes into the precision recognition under big data in Guizhou Province. One is big data's influence on precision poverty alleviation, which explains the changes brought about by big data's entry into precision poverty alleviation, and the other is to introduce in detail the precision identification of Guizhou cases under the background of big data, so as to understand the operation process of precision identification mechanism and its advantages and disadvantages. The third is to explain the shortcomings of accurate identification in Guizhou under big data: difficult to determine family income, limited indicators of poor households, insufficient understanding of poverty alleviation by cadres, difficult to identify critical poor households, and so on, and to analyze the causes of the corresponding problems; fourth, to put forward solutions, such as perfecting poverty alleviation policies, mobilizing enthusiasm for identification, perfecting identification indicators, etc.; fifth, summing up the full text.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：貴州民族大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F323.8
本文編號(hào)：2498327
[Abstract]:Precision identification is the first link of precision poverty alleviation. The accuracy of precision identification is directly related to poverty-causing analysis, support measures, fund arrangement and a series of problems, which ultimately affect the effect of precision poverty alleviation and whether poor households can get out of poverty. The accurate poverty alleviation is due to the fact that poverty alleviation in China has reached the stage of tackling key problems, which is a period of gnawing hard bones and fighting hard battles. It is difficult to make further breakthroughs in poverty alleviation in the past, and the poverty problem of poor households is also an old and difficult problem. Under the joint action of external and internal factors, poverty alleviation must take the road of innovation, find out new ways to solve the old problems. The first step in the development of precision poverty alleviation is precision identification. The study of precision recognition can explore the advantages and problems in the identification mechanism, as well as how to solve the problems, so as to help better and accurately identify the suitable poor households. With the development of big data era, the amount of data is large, scattered and hidden, but the value of information is inestimable, which can be found in many cases. The precision recognition under the background of big data is more meaningful. First of all, big data's collection, processing and management makes accurate identification more scientific and reasonable. This kind of mechanical identification can avoid too many subjective factors to judge, and the malicious exclusion and subjective exclusion, which big data can help to solve. Secondly, big data shares, the information is timely and efficient, so that whether it is the government support units or enterprises or institutions or non-governmental organizations to help, can timely understand the situation of poor households according to the real-time dynamic information in the database, which is conducive to the formulation or change of support measures to achieve the optimal and efficient poverty alleviation; Finally, the exit mechanism under big data, according to the development trend of the poor households themselves, can excavate their endogeny, and withdraw the farmers who have been lifted out of poverty in time from the data platform, and then re-identify the eligible poor households to help, and then form a self-circulation support system in turn. This paper makes a qualitative study on the precision recognition under the background of big data in Guizhou Province by using the method of literature collection and empirical analysis, in order to explore the advantages and disadvantages of precision recognition under big data, the existing problems, and put forward some relevant suggestions. This paper takes Guizhou Province as the research object, finds out the working mechanism of precision recognition in some places, analyzes a case, and probes into the precision recognition under big data in Guizhou Province. One is big data's influence on precision poverty alleviation, which explains the changes brought about by big data's entry into precision poverty alleviation, and the other is to introduce in detail the precision identification of Guizhou cases under the background of big data, so as to understand the operation process of precision identification mechanism and its advantages and disadvantages. The third is to explain the shortcomings of accurate identification in Guizhou under big data: difficult to determine family income, limited indicators of poor households, insufficient understanding of poverty alleviation by cadres, difficult to identify critical poor households, and so on, and to analyze the causes of the corresponding problems; fourth, to put forward solutions, such as perfecting poverty alleviation policies, mobilizing enthusiasm for identification, perfecting identification indicators, etc.; fifth, summing up the full text.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：貴州民族大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F323.8
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