【摘要】：山東省作為傳統(tǒng)的植棉大省,棉花種植面積一直位居全國(guó)第二,僅次于新疆。但是近十年來(lái),棉花面積逐年萎縮,棉花質(zhì)量逐漸暴露出纖維一致性降低、品級(jí)不穩(wěn)定、異性纖維含量高等問(wèn)題,嚴(yán)重影響了棉花銷售價(jià)格和棉農(nóng)種植積極性。因此,如何改進(jìn)棉花質(zhì)量管理方法、形成規(guī)范化管理系統(tǒng),提高從業(yè)人員管理水平,是本文要討論的重要問(wèn)題。主要內(nèi)容及結(jié)論如下:首先通過(guò)對(duì)新體制棉花公證檢驗(yàn)統(tǒng)計(jì)結(jié)果的分析,得出山東棉花質(zhì)量位于全國(guó)平均水平,纖維品質(zhì)表現(xiàn)一般。其中,顏色級(jí)、扎工質(zhì)量、長(zhǎng)度三項(xiàng)指標(biāo)表現(xiàn)穩(wěn)定,位于全國(guó)平均水平;斷裂比強(qiáng)度、平均長(zhǎng)度整齊度表現(xiàn)較好,近年來(lái)提升明顯;馬克隆值是山東棉花的短板,C級(jí)偏差過(guò)大,細(xì)度和成熟度過(guò)大,影響棉花整體的可紡性�？傊�,山東棉花整體質(zhì)量很差,近年來(lái)出現(xiàn)明顯下降趨勢(shì)。經(jīng)過(guò)棉花主產(chǎn)區(qū)實(shí)地調(diào)研發(fā)現(xiàn),目前棉花質(zhì)量管理存在著生產(chǎn)環(huán)節(jié)生產(chǎn)組織性差、流通環(huán)節(jié)棉花纖維一致性差、品級(jí)不穩(wěn)定、異性纖維含量居高不下、加工環(huán)節(jié)初加工質(zhì)量損失嚴(yán)重等問(wèn)題。影響棉花質(zhì)量高低的因素主要包括自然條件、生產(chǎn)環(huán)節(jié)、市場(chǎng)監(jiān)管、產(chǎn)業(yè)政策四個(gè)方面,其問(wèn)題的成因既有客觀環(huán)境制約,如自然條件、突發(fā)氣象災(zāi)害和病蟲害,也包括人為因素影響,如生產(chǎn)環(huán)節(jié)中的品種選育、田間管理、采摘管理、交售環(huán)節(jié)的不當(dāng)管理,還有市場(chǎng)監(jiān)管、產(chǎn)業(yè)政策等環(huán)境制度方面的缺陷。通過(guò)采用SCP分析方法,即“市場(chǎng)結(jié)構(gòu)(Market Structure)-市場(chǎng)行為(Market Conduct)-市場(chǎng)績(jī)效(Market Performance)”范式,對(duì)棉花產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)與棉花質(zhì)量行為、質(zhì)量績(jī)效之間的關(guān)系進(jìn)行深入研究,得出棉花產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)呈現(xiàn)市場(chǎng)集中度低,行業(yè)壁壘低,經(jīng)營(yíng)規(guī)模小的現(xiàn)狀;棉花市場(chǎng)主體行為中棉農(nóng)對(duì)于生產(chǎn)環(huán)節(jié)的疏于管理,中間商的均價(jià)收購(gòu),紡織加工企業(yè)不規(guī)范生產(chǎn),導(dǎo)致了其產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量不達(dá)標(biāo)、收益降低,影響了下一棉花年度的再生產(chǎn);質(zhì)量績(jī)效降低反向激勵(lì)種植業(yè)棉花質(zhì)量的提高等結(jié)論。最后從系統(tǒng)層面提出加強(qiáng)對(duì)棉花質(zhì)量的管理,建立棉花質(zhì)量管理體系,規(guī)范棉花產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈中各環(huán)節(jié)主體的行為。棉花質(zhì)量管理體系的構(gòu)建要以棉花質(zhì)量保障體系為重點(diǎn),棉花質(zhì)量誠(chéng)信體系為指導(dǎo),棉花質(zhì)量檢驗(yàn)體系為監(jiān)管,形成從棉田到紡織加工生產(chǎn)線全面的棉花質(zhì)量管理的長(zhǎng)效機(jī)制。
[Abstract]:Shandong Province as a traditional cotton planting province, cotton planting area has been ranked second in the country, only after Xinjiang. But in the past ten years, the cotton area has been shrinking year by year, the cotton quality has gradually exposed the problems of decreasing fiber consistency, unstable grade and high content of heterosexual fiber, which have seriously affected the cotton sales price and the enthusiasm of cotton farmers to plant. Therefore, how to improve the cotton quality management methods, form a standardized management system, improve the management level of employees, is an important issue to be discussed in this paper. The main contents and conclusions are as follows: firstly, through the analysis of the statistical results of the new system of cotton notarization test, it is concluded that the cotton quality of Shandong Province is in the national average level, and the fiber quality is common. Among them, the three indexes of color grade, tie quality and length are stable, located at the national average level, the fracture specific strength, average length uniformity performance is better, in recent years, the improvement is obvious. The horse clone value is the deficiency of Shandong cotton, the deviation of C grade is too large, the fineness and maturity of cotton is too large, which affects the spinnability of cotton as a whole. In short, the overall quality of Shandong cotton is very poor, in recent years there is a significant downward trend. Through the field investigation in the main cotton producing areas, it is found that at present the cotton quality management has poor production organization in production link, poor consistency of cotton fiber in circulation link, unstable grade of cotton fiber, and high content of heterosexual fiber. Problems such as serious loss of processing quality at the beginning of the processing process. The factors affecting cotton quality mainly include natural conditions, production links, market supervision and industrial policy. The causes of the problems are both objective environmental constraints, such as natural conditions, sudden meteorological disasters and diseases and insect pests. It also includes man-made factors, such as variety selection, field management, picking management, improper management of sale link, market supervision, industrial policy and other environmental system defects. In this paper, the relationship between cotton industrial structure, cotton quality behavior and quality performance is deeply studied by means of SCP analysis, i.e. "Market structure (Market Structure)-Market behavior (Market Conduct)-Market performance (Market Performance)" paradigm, and the relationship between cotton industry structure and cotton quality behavior and quality performance is deeply studied. It is concluded that the cotton industry structure presents the present situation of low market concentration, low trade barriers and small scale of operation. In the behavior of the main body of the cotton market, cotton farmers neglect the management of the production link, the average purchase of the middleman, and the non-standard production of the textile processing enterprises, which leads to the substandard quality of the products and the decrease of the income, which affects the reproduction of the next cotton year; The decrease of quality performance encourages the improvement of cotton quality in the field of cultivation in reverse direction, and so on. At last, it is put forward to strengthen the management of cotton quality, establish the cotton quality management system and standardize the behavior of each link in the cotton industry chain. The construction of cotton quality management system should be focused on cotton quality assurance system, cotton quality integrity system as guidance, cotton quality inspection system as supervision, and form a comprehensive cotton quality management mechanism from cotton field to textile processing production line.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F322

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