【摘要】：近年來,人們開始關注一種新興的農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展模式——有機農(nóng)業(yè)。有機農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)模式中更加注重農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)在農(nóng)業(yè)干預下的中期甚至是長期變化,不僅僅要提升糧食產(chǎn)量,更要維護生態(tài)平衡,借助于系統(tǒng)內(nèi)部的資源、生態(tài)的技術手段解決病蟲害一類問題、保持土壤肥力等。有機農(nóng)業(yè)能夠為人類提供健康安全的各種農(nóng)產(chǎn)品,因為在生產(chǎn)期間沒有使用農(nóng)藥、化肥等化學物質,生產(chǎn)加工階段也嚴禁使用添加劑,也杜絕轉基因技術、輻射技術等,對人類健康發(fā)展具有深遠影響。有機農(nóng)業(yè)在我國近年來取得顯著成果,無論是環(huán)境保護、農(nóng)民增收還是產(chǎn)業(yè)結構調(diào)整方面。但是目前為止有機農(nóng)業(yè)在我國的發(fā)展遠遠不能與發(fā)達國家相比。有機農(nóng)業(yè)在國外成功發(fā)展經(jīng)驗告訴我們:有機農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展中首先就要創(chuàng)建國際認可的有機農(nóng)業(yè)認證體系,第二步便是推廣有機農(nóng)業(yè)、種植面積的規(guī)劃、擴大,然后還需研發(fā)種植技術、育種產(chǎn)業(yè),保證有機農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的優(yōu)質優(yōu)量,最終還要建立消費市場。而我國目前已經(jīng)初步建立獲得國際認可的有機食品認證體系,具有一定生產(chǎn)規(guī)模,產(chǎn)品主要用于出口,現(xiàn)在主要問題有:生產(chǎn)環(huán)節(jié)需要加強質量控制,完善技術、服務體系,有機食品認證、產(chǎn)品銷售部分仍然存在管理、監(jiān)督方面的漏洞。論文通過研究青州市有機農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)現(xiàn)狀,熟悉了有機農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展的機制體系、途徑模式及持續(xù)作用等,發(fā)現(xiàn)并解決生產(chǎn)過程中遇到的問題、挖掘生產(chǎn)潛力。對于青州市有機農(nóng)業(yè)的發(fā)展具有很積極的實踐意義。本文分析了青州市有機農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀,對其各個方面的優(yōu)勢進行了系統(tǒng)總結,分析了有機農(nóng)產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)、加工、銷售、管理等各個階段所存在的問題,并深入研究了有機農(nóng)業(yè)在青州市的發(fā)展策略,通過這一系列工作發(fā)現(xiàn),有機農(nóng)業(yè)的發(fā)展前提是要完善機制、加強組織領導并提升整個社會對于有機農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的認識與信任度;還需完善政策、建立服務體系,保證有機農(nóng)業(yè)的順利發(fā)展;規(guī)模的擴大、形成產(chǎn)業(yè)是能否提升有機農(nóng)業(yè)整體水平的關鍵;技術的開發(fā)應用是有機農(nóng)業(yè)品質提升的關鍵;而在有機農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展的過程中一定要保證產(chǎn)品質量,創(chuàng)建品牌。總之,有機農(nóng)業(yè)需要完善的體制、政策的支持等,需要健全的認證、服務體系與相關法律法規(guī),與此同時還要發(fā)揮龍頭企業(yè)的帶頭作用。
[Abstract]:In recent years, people begin to pay attention to an emerging agricultural development model-organic agriculture. In the organic agricultural production model, we should pay more attention to the mid-term or even long-term changes of the agro-ecosystem under the agricultural intervention, not only to improve the grain yield, but also to maintain the ecological balance, with the help of the resources within the system. Ecological technical means to solve a class of diseases and insect pests, maintain soil fertility and so on. Organic agriculture can provide human beings with a variety of healthy and safe agricultural products, because there is no use of pesticides, chemical fertilizers and other chemicals during the production period, and the use of additives is strictly prohibited during production and processing, as well as genetically modified technologies, radiation technologies, and so on. It has a far-reaching impact on the development of human health. Organic agriculture has made remarkable achievements in recent years in China, such as environmental protection, farmers' income increase and industrial structure adjustment. However, the development of organic agriculture in China is far from being compared with the developed countries. The successful development experience of organic agriculture abroad tells us that the first step in the development of organic agriculture is to establish an internationally recognized certification system for organic agriculture. The second step is to promote organic agriculture, plan and expand the planting area. Then there is a need to develop planting technology, breeding industry, to ensure the quality of organic agricultural products, and finally to establish a consumer market. At present, China has initially established an internationally recognized organic food certification system, which has a certain production scale, and the products are mainly used for export. The main problems now are: the production link needs to strengthen quality control, perfect technology, and service system. Organic food certification, product sales still exist in the management, supervision of loopholes. Through studying the present situation of organic agriculture production in Qingzhou city, this paper is familiar with the mechanism system, path model and sustainable function of organic agriculture development, and finds and solves the problems encountered in the production process, and excavates the production potential. It has positive practical significance for the development of organic agriculture in Qingzhou. This paper analyzes the development status of organic agriculture in Qingzhou City, summarizes its advantages in various aspects, and analyzes the problems existing in the production, processing, marketing, management and other stages of organic agricultural products. The development strategy of organic agriculture in Qingzhou city is deeply studied. Through this series of work, it is found that the prerequisite of organic agriculture development is to perfect the mechanism, strengthen the organization and leadership, and enhance the understanding and trust of the whole society for organic agricultural products. It is also necessary to perfect the policy and establish the service system to ensure the smooth development of organic agriculture, the expansion of scale, the formation of industry is the key to improve the overall level of organic agriculture, the development and application of technology is the key to improve the quality of organic agriculture. And in the organic agriculture development process must guarantee the product quality, creates the brand. In short, organic agriculture needs perfect system, policy support, sound certification, service system and related laws and regulations, at the same time, it needs to play a leading role in leading enterprises.
【學位授予單位】：山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F327

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本文編號：2438890