【摘要】：中國是一個農業(yè)大國,農業(yè)是國民經(jīng)濟的基礎,推進農業(yè)現(xiàn)代化,實現(xiàn)中國農業(yè)由傳統(tǒng)向現(xiàn)代的轉變,必須走中國特色農業(yè)現(xiàn)代化道路。走中國特色農業(yè)現(xiàn)代化道路關系到全面建成小康社會戰(zhàn)略目標能否順利實現(xiàn),任重道遠,必須從全局的高度審視中國特色農業(yè)現(xiàn)代化道路面臨的現(xiàn)實挑戰(zhàn),并提出應對挑戰(zhàn)的對策。本文主體由三部分組成。首先,從中國特色農業(yè)現(xiàn)代化道路的提出入手,總結建國以來黨和國家對中國特色農業(yè)現(xiàn)代化道路的探索歷程,根據(jù)國際農業(yè)發(fā)展普遍規(guī)律和我國農業(yè)發(fā)展特點歸納中國特色農業(yè)現(xiàn)代化道路的內涵與基本特點。從全面建設和建成小康社會的角度論證走中國特色農業(yè)現(xiàn)代化道路的戰(zhàn)略意義。其次,根據(jù)走中國特色農業(yè)現(xiàn)代化道路的具體要求,當前我國農業(yè)發(fā)展面臨諸多問題和挑戰(zhàn)。隨著社會主義市場經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展,城鄉(xiāng)二元體制依舊是制約農業(yè)現(xiàn)代化發(fā)展的最大體制性障礙;農業(yè)生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營方式的弊端也逐漸顯現(xiàn),規(guī)模小而又分散的農業(yè)經(jīng)營限制了農業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)化的發(fā)展;農業(yè)基礎設施薄弱導致農業(yè)生產(chǎn)受自然條件影響大,農業(yè)發(fā)展后勁不足;農業(yè)科技在農業(yè)現(xiàn)代化發(fā)展進程中的作用越來越大,農業(yè)科技水平與農民文化素質偏低是農業(yè)科技轉化為農業(yè)生產(chǎn)力的最大瓶頸。同時,農業(yè)社會化服務體系還很不完善,無法滿足當前農業(yè)發(fā)展的現(xiàn)實需求,部分農村基層黨組織領導能力與組織能力出現(xiàn)弱化也對黨領導農村工作提出了挑戰(zhàn)。最后,應對當前走中國特色農業(yè)現(xiàn)代化道路面臨的現(xiàn)實問題和挑戰(zhàn),應該以破解城鄉(xiāng)二元結構固化帶來的體制性難題為前提,進一步完善農業(yè)經(jīng)營方式,克服小規(guī)模土地經(jīng)營的局限;加大農業(yè)基礎設施建設的資金投入,完善管理體制,夯實現(xiàn)代農業(yè)發(fā)展的基礎;加快農業(yè)科技創(chuàng)新與農民文化素質的提高,推動農業(yè)科研成果向農業(yè)生產(chǎn)力轉化;進一步健全農業(yè)社會化服務體系,發(fā)揮新型農業(yè)社會化服務組織的功能,推進農業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)化發(fā)展;加強農村基層黨組織建設,著力增強農村基層黨組織在走中國特色農業(yè)現(xiàn)代化道路上的領導能力和組織能力,發(fā)揮黨對農村工作的領導核心作用。
[Abstract]:China is a large agricultural country, and agriculture is the foundation of national economy. To promote agricultural modernization and realize the transformation from traditional to modern agriculture, we must take the road of agricultural modernization with Chinese characteristics. Taking the road of agricultural modernization with Chinese characteristics is related to whether or not the strategic goal of building a well-off society can be successfully realized, and has a long way to go. It is necessary to examine the realistic challenges facing the road of agricultural modernization with Chinese characteristics from the perspective of the overall situation. And put forward the countermeasures to deal with the challenge. The main body of this paper consists of three parts. First of all, starting with the proposal of the road of modernization of agriculture with Chinese characteristics, this paper summarizes the exploration process of the road of modernization of agriculture with Chinese characteristics by the Party and the state since the founding of the PRC. According to the general law of international agricultural development and the characteristics of agricultural development in China, the connotation and basic characteristics of the road of agricultural modernization with Chinese characteristics are summarized. The strategic significance of taking the road of agricultural modernization with Chinese characteristics is demonstrated from the angle of building and building a well-off society in an all-round way. Secondly, according to the specific requirements of taking the road of agricultural modernization with Chinese characteristics, China's agricultural development is facing many problems and challenges. With the development of socialist market economy, urban-rural dual system is still the biggest institutional obstacle restricting the development of agricultural modernization. The disadvantages of agricultural production and management mode also gradually appear, the small and dispersed agricultural management restricts the development of agricultural industrialization, the weak agricultural infrastructure leads to the agricultural production being greatly affected by the natural conditions, and the agricultural development stamina is insufficient. Agricultural science and technology play a more and more important role in the development of agricultural modernization. The low level of agricultural science and technology and the low quality of farmers' culture are the biggest bottleneck for the transformation of agricultural science and technology into agricultural productivity. At the same time, the agricultural socialized service system is not perfect, which can not meet the actual demand of the current agricultural development. The weakening of the leadership ability and the organizational ability of some rural grass-roots Party organizations has also challenged the Party to lead the rural work. Finally, to deal with the practical problems and challenges facing the current road of agricultural modernization with Chinese characteristics, we should further improve the mode of agricultural management on the premise of solving the systemic problems brought about by the solidification of the dual structure of urban and rural areas. Overcoming the limitation of small-scale land management; We should increase the investment in the construction of agricultural infrastructure, perfect the management system, consolidate the foundation of the development of modern agriculture, speed up the innovation of agricultural science and technology and the improvement of farmers' cultural quality, and promote the transformation of agricultural scientific research achievements into agricultural productive forces. Further improve the agricultural socialized service system, give play to the function of the new type of agricultural socialized service organization, and promote the development of agricultural industrialization; We should strengthen the construction of rural grass-roots party organizations, strengthen their leadership and organizational ability on the road of modernization of agriculture with Chinese characteristics, and give play to the central role of the Party in leading rural work.
【學位授予單位】：東北師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F320.1

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本文編號：2404653