鄉(xiāng)村型半城市化地區(qū)的土地利用特征和形成機(jī)制研究——以潮安區(qū)古巷鎮(zhèn)為例
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-09-17 13:12
【摘要】：半城市化地區(qū)是城鎮(zhèn)發(fā)展過程中形成的不同傳統(tǒng)二元城鄉(xiāng)結(jié)構(gòu)、土地利用混雜交錯(cuò)且變化迅速的地域類型。該地域城鎮(zhèn)發(fā)展問題突出,社會(huì)矛盾集中,研究該地區(qū)半城市化發(fā)展特征對(duì)深化認(rèn)識(shí)城鎮(zhèn)發(fā)展,推進(jìn)半城市化向城市化轉(zhuǎn)變具有重要的理論意義和實(shí)踐意義。為探析半城市化地域的土地利用特征和形成機(jī)制,以潮州市潮安區(qū)古巷鎮(zhèn)為例,綜合研究其土地利用演變規(guī)律、空間分布特征、土地利用效率和土地利用轉(zhuǎn)移矩陣,并借鑒程序框圖思維,創(chuàng)新半城市化機(jī)制研究,發(fā)現(xiàn):2001—2016年間研究區(qū)建設(shè)用地和未利用地增加,2001年、2006年、2011年和2016年人均建設(shè)用地分別為137.3、197.5、257.8和194.5 m~2,超出國(guó)家法定水平,耕地、園地和坑塘水面面積減少。工礦用地增長(zhǎng)速度快,分布范圍廣,單位工業(yè)用地產(chǎn)值僅692.6元,低于國(guó)家水平,存在用地比例過高、增長(zhǎng)速度過快以及用地產(chǎn)出效率低等問題。城鄉(xiāng)居民用地面積變化緩慢,其人均用地面積先增后減,符合國(guó)家規(guī)范要求。矩陣轉(zhuǎn)移分析結(jié)果表明:建設(shè)用地的增加主要是來自耕地、園地、坑塘水面和未利用地。農(nóng)用地是該地區(qū)最容易受到侵占的用地類型。以衛(wèi)生潔具產(chǎn)業(yè)為核心的工業(yè)發(fā)展是古巷鎮(zhèn)建設(shè)用地變化的主要驅(qū)動(dòng)力,為半城市化地域形成提供了基礎(chǔ)條件。農(nóng)民充分的自主發(fā)展權(quán)以及政府監(jiān)管、規(guī)劃引導(dǎo)缺位是半城市化地域形成的根本原因,如不介入管理和引導(dǎo),環(huán)境惡化和本地人口外流將進(jìn)一步促進(jìn)半城市化地區(qū)的固化。
[Abstract]:Semi-urbanized areas are different traditional dual urban-rural structures formed in the process of urban development. Land use is mixed and interlaced and rapidly changed. The problems of urban development in this region are prominent and the social contradictions are concentrated. It is of great theoretical and practical significance to study the characteristics of semi-urbanization development in this area in order to deepen the understanding of urban development and to promote the transformation from semi-urbanization to urbanization. In order to analyze the characteristics and forming mechanism of land use in semi-urbanized areas, taking Guxiang Town in Chaoan District of Chaozhou City as an example, the law of land use evolution, spatial distribution characteristics, land use efficiency and land use transfer matrix were comprehensively studied. Drawing lessons from the program frame thinking and innovating the mechanism of semi-urbanization, we find that the number of construction land and unused land in the study area increased from 2001 to 2016. In 2001, 2006, 2011 and 2016, the per capita construction land was 137.3197.5257.8 and 194.5 mm2 respectively, which exceeded the national legal level and cultivated land. The area of the garden and potholes was reduced. The industrial and mining land has a rapid growth rate and wide distribution. The output value of industrial land per unit is only 692.6 yuan, which is lower than the national level. There are some problems such as too high proportion of land use, too fast growth rate and low efficiency of land use output. Urban and rural residents land area changes slowly, its per capita land area increases first, then decreases, conforms to the national standard request. The results of matrix transfer analysis show that the increase of construction land mainly comes from cultivated land, garden land, pothole surface and unused land. Agricultural land is the most vulnerable land type in this area. The industrial development with sanitary ware industry as the core is the main driving force for the change of construction land in Guxiang Town, which provides the basic conditions for the formation of semi-urbanization area. The peasants' full independent development right and government supervision and the absence of planning and guidance are the fundamental reasons for the formation of semi-urbanized regions. If they do not intervene in management and guidance, environmental degradation and local population outflow will further promote the solidification of semi-urbanized areas.
【作者單位】： 中國(guó)科學(xué)院南海海洋研究所;廣州地理研究所;中國(guó)科學(xué)院大學(xué);
【分類號(hào)】：F301.2
[Abstract]:Semi-urbanized areas are different traditional dual urban-rural structures formed in the process of urban development. Land use is mixed and interlaced and rapidly changed. The problems of urban development in this region are prominent and the social contradictions are concentrated. It is of great theoretical and practical significance to study the characteristics of semi-urbanization development in this area in order to deepen the understanding of urban development and to promote the transformation from semi-urbanization to urbanization. In order to analyze the characteristics and forming mechanism of land use in semi-urbanized areas, taking Guxiang Town in Chaoan District of Chaozhou City as an example, the law of land use evolution, spatial distribution characteristics, land use efficiency and land use transfer matrix were comprehensively studied. Drawing lessons from the program frame thinking and innovating the mechanism of semi-urbanization, we find that the number of construction land and unused land in the study area increased from 2001 to 2016. In 2001, 2006, 2011 and 2016, the per capita construction land was 137.3197.5257.8 and 194.5 mm2 respectively, which exceeded the national legal level and cultivated land. The area of the garden and potholes was reduced. The industrial and mining land has a rapid growth rate and wide distribution. The output value of industrial land per unit is only 692.6 yuan, which is lower than the national level. There are some problems such as too high proportion of land use, too fast growth rate and low efficiency of land use output. Urban and rural residents land area changes slowly, its per capita land area increases first, then decreases, conforms to the national standard request. The results of matrix transfer analysis show that the increase of construction land mainly comes from cultivated land, garden land, pothole surface and unused land. Agricultural land is the most vulnerable land type in this area. The industrial development with sanitary ware industry as the core is the main driving force for the change of construction land in Guxiang Town, which provides the basic conditions for the formation of semi-urbanization area. The peasants' full independent development right and government supervision and the absence of planning and guidance are the fundamental reasons for the formation of semi-urbanized regions. If they do not intervene in management and guidance, environmental degradation and local population outflow will further promote the solidification of semi-urbanized areas.
【作者單位】： 中國(guó)科學(xué)院南海海洋研究所;廣州地理研究所;中國(guó)科學(xué)院大學(xué);
【分類號(hào)】：F301.2
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