本文選題：政策 + 生計(jì)資本　； 參考：《蘭州大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：石羊河流域地處內(nèi)陸,氣候?qū)儆跍貛Т箨懶詺夂?加之從事第一產(chǎn)業(yè)的人口眾多,使石羊河流域形成了典型的資源型缺水地區(qū)。本來就缺水的石羊河流域隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展,工、農(nóng)業(yè)及新興產(chǎn)業(yè)的蓬勃發(fā)展,使得這一地區(qū)的入水矛盾不斷的加劇。為了緩解人水矛盾,促進(jìn)石羊河流域環(huán)境的可持續(xù)發(fā)展,石羊河流域綜合治理政策便應(yīng)運(yùn)而生。本文則是以石羊河流域綜合治理政策為研究背景,以石羊河流域上、中游為調(diào)查地點(diǎn),在可持續(xù)生計(jì)分析框架的指導(dǎo)下,深入系統(tǒng)的探討了環(huán)境、政策、生計(jì)三者之間的相互關(guān)系以影響機(jī)理。本文以結(jié)構(gòu)化的入戶調(diào)查問卷為主,同時(shí)輔以半結(jié)構(gòu)化的訪談形式。首先是根據(jù)靠近河流的地理位置選擇了受石羊河綜合治理政策影響較大的鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn),最終確定為九個(gè)鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn),在這九個(gè)鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)中利用PPS抽樣方法,按鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)分層,從九個(gè)鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)的所有村中所抽取其中41個(gè)村級(jí)單位。本文主要是以上、中游為調(diào)查地點(diǎn),因此只對(duì)上、中游的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行分析,結(jié)果分析如下：首先,對(duì)石羊河流域綜合治理政策影響下農(nóng)戶的生計(jì)資本、生計(jì)策略和生計(jì)結(jié)果進(jìn)行分析,結(jié)果顯示,農(nóng)戶生計(jì)資本中的物質(zhì)資本和自然資本有比較大的優(yōu)勢(shì),人力資本、金融資本和社會(huì)資本相對(duì)就比較匱乏；生計(jì)策略方面,根據(jù)調(diào)查結(jié)果可知農(nóng)戶對(duì)生計(jì)策略的選擇是多種多樣的,不僅在生產(chǎn)活動(dòng)也從其他方面展開自己的活動(dòng)；生計(jì)策略的多樣性能夠促進(jìn)農(nóng)戶好的生計(jì)結(jié)果。其次,先是根據(jù)環(huán)境、政策、生計(jì)三者之間的循環(huán)系統(tǒng),對(duì)他們的影響機(jī)理進(jìn)行全面的分析和探討。然后是分析政策對(duì)不同類型農(nóng)戶的影響,分析結(jié)果顯示,政策對(duì)不同類型農(nóng)戶的影響是明顯不同的,政策的實(shí)施對(duì)務(wù)農(nóng)為主的家庭的影響最大,其次是復(fù)合型的家庭,影響最小的是打工為主的家庭。最后,基于自己對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)分析提出了自己的一些建議,石羊河流域的環(huán)境治理應(yīng)該從微觀和宏觀層面來把握。微觀層面是要提高農(nóng)戶抵御風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的能力,提高農(nóng)戶的資本擁有量；宏觀層面是要提供一個(gè)能使政策充分發(fā)揮作用,環(huán)境可持續(xù)發(fā)展,經(jīng)濟(jì)穩(wěn)定增長(zhǎng)的有利環(huán)境氛圍。
[Abstract]:Shiyang River basin is located in the inland, the climate belongs to temperate continental climate, coupled with the large number of people engaged in the primary industry, Shiyang River basin has formed a typical resource-based water shortage area. With the rapid development of economy, the booming development of industry, agriculture and new industries, the contradiction of water entry in the Shiyang River basin, which is already short of water, is becoming more and more serious. In order to alleviate the contradiction between human and water and promote the sustainable development of Shiyang River Basin, the comprehensive management policy of Shiyang River Basin came into being. This paper takes the comprehensive management policy of Shiyang River Basin as the research background, taking the upper and middle reaches of Shiyang River Basin as the investigation site, under the guidance of the sustainable livelihood analysis framework, deeply and systematically discusses the environment and policy. The relationship among the three livelihoods influences the mechanism. In this paper, a structured household questionnaire, supplemented by a semi-structured interview form. First of all, according to the geographical location near the river, we selected the villages and towns that are greatly affected by the comprehensive management policy of Shiyang River, and finally determined the villages and towns as nine townships. In these nine townships, we used the PPS sampling method to stratify the villages and towns. One of the 41 village-level units was drawn from all the villages in nine townships. This paper mainly is above, the middle reaches is the investigation place, therefore only carries on the analysis to the upper, the middle reaches data, the result analysis is as follows: first, under the influence of the comprehensive management policy of Shiyang River basin, the farmer's livelihood capital. The results show that the material capital and natural capital of farmers' livelihood capital have great advantages, and the human capital, financial capital and social capital are relatively scarce. According to the survey results, farmers' choice of livelihood strategies is diverse, not only in the production activities but also from other aspects of their own activities, and the diversity of livelihood strategies can promote farmers' good livelihood results. Secondly, according to the circulatory system of environment, policy and livelihood, this paper makes a comprehensive analysis and discussion on their influence mechanism. Then, the influence of policy on different types of farmers is analyzed. The results show that the impact of policy on different types of farmers is obviously different. The implementation of policy has the greatest impact on families mainly engaged in agriculture, followed by composite families. The least influential is the working-oriented family. Finally, based on my own suggestions on data analysis, the environmental management of Shiyang River Basin should be grasped from the micro and macro levels. The microcosmic level is to improve the farmers' ability to resist risks and to increase their capital holdings, while the macro level is to provide a favorable environment for the policy to play a full role, the sustainable development of the environment, and the stable growth of the economy.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：F323.6;D422.6

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