本文選題：機采棉技術(shù)采用行為 + 影響因素��； 參考：《石河子大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：新疆是我國最重要的棉花生產(chǎn)基地,2012年新疆以其占中國棉花37.8%的播種面積生產(chǎn)出中國48.8%的棉花。但近年來,新疆較高的勞動力成本和較低的生產(chǎn)效率已經(jīng)嚴重阻礙了其棉花競爭力的提升。據(jù)全國農(nóng)產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)成本資料匯編統(tǒng)計結(jié)果得知,2000年新疆棉花生產(chǎn)成本為624.9元/畝,2012年上漲到1939.7元/畝。其中人工成本由每畝299.5元上漲到1170.7元,其在棉花生產(chǎn)成本中的比重也由47.9%上升到60%。因此,降低棉花生產(chǎn)人工成本,在棉花生產(chǎn)各環(huán)節(jié)推行全程機械化作業(yè)首當其沖。而目前新疆棉花除收獲環(huán)節(jié)以外的其他環(huán)節(jié)都已經(jīng)實現(xiàn)機械化,棉花產(chǎn)業(yè)屬于勞動力密集產(chǎn)業(yè),尤其在收獲環(huán)節(jié),急劇膨脹的勞動力需求與較少的勞動力供給不僅加劇了植棉戶找不到拾花工的風險,也大大提升了新疆棉花種植成本。因此,在棉花收獲環(huán)節(jié)推行機采棉技術(shù)勢在必行。由于新疆兵團擁有適宜機采棉技術(shù)推廣的組織管理方式,機采棉技術(shù)短時間內(nèi)在兵團獲得了大面積推廣,但這在與兵團有著相同的種植環(huán)境的新疆地方機采面積仍然較少,機采棉技術(shù)推廣困難重重�；谝陨媳尘�,本文以新疆地方植棉戶微觀調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)為依據(jù)進行分析,考慮到效益是影響植棉戶新技術(shù)選擇行為的首要因素.因此,本文首先就機采棉技術(shù)采用行為對棉花生產(chǎn)效益的影響進行分析,研究發(fā)現(xiàn)機采棉技術(shù)不僅能夠提高棉花種植的經(jīng)濟效益,而且有效提高了棉花生產(chǎn)技術(shù)效率,且二者都有較大的提升空間。之后在文章第五部分利用logistic回歸方法對植棉戶機采棉技術(shù)采用行為的影響因素進行分析。得出結(jié)論如下:機采棉技術(shù)采用行為受內(nèi)部因素和外部因素綜合影響。內(nèi)部因素中,漢族、地塊數(shù)量較少、棉花種植規(guī)模較大、參加培訓較多的植棉戶采用機采棉技術(shù)的可能性較大。外部因素中,用工風險是植棉戶機采棉技術(shù)采用行為的最主要影響因素。而機采棉技術(shù)本身存在著先天性不足,如:脫葉劑噴施后容易受天氣的影響,機采會造成棉花的浪費、沒有適合機采的品種等。這些技術(shù)問題的存在影響了植棉戶種植機采棉的積極性。但在加工廠對機采棉的定級標準、扣雜標準方面仍存在著不盡合理的地方,如扣雜標準模糊、扣雜標準較高、分級標準模糊、機采棉等級低等問題對植棉戶機采棉技術(shù)采用行為產(chǎn)生了負面影響。而那些認為自家棉花種植規(guī)模較小,不適宜種植機采棉的植棉戶,其采用機采棉技術(shù)的可能性也較小。
[Abstract]:Xinjiang is the most important cotton production base in China. In 2012, Xinjiang produced 48.8% cotton with its sowing area accounting for 37.8% of China's cotton. But in recent years, higher labor cost and lower production efficiency in Xinjiang have seriously hindered the improvement of cotton competitiveness. According to the statistics of production cost of agricultural products in China, the cost of cotton production in Xinjiang was 624.9 yuan / mu in 2000, and increased to 1939.7 yuan / mu in 2012. The labor cost rose from 299.5 yuan per mu to 1170.7 yuan, and its proportion in cotton production cost rose from 47.9% to 60 yuan. Therefore, reducing the labor cost of cotton production and carrying out the whole process mechanized operation in all aspects of cotton production bear the brunt. At present, the cotton industry in Xinjiang has been mechanized except for the harvest link. The cotton industry belongs to a labor-intensive industry, especially in the harvesting sector. The rapidly expanding labor demand and less labor supply not only increase the risk that cotton farmers can not find flower pickers, but also greatly increase the cost of cotton planting in Xinjiang. Therefore, it is imperative to carry out cotton picking technology in cotton harvest. Because Xinjiang Corps has a suitable organization and management mode for the popularization of mechanized cotton picking technology, it has been widely popularized in the Corps in a short period of time, but this area is still relatively small in Xinjiang, where the same planting environment exists in Xinjiang with the same planting environment. It is difficult to popularize mechanical cotton picking technology. Based on the above background, based on the microscopic investigation data of local cotton planting households in Xinjiang, it is considered that benefit is the primary factor that affects the behavior of cotton farmers' new technology selection. Therefore, this paper first analyzes the effect of mechanical cotton picking technology on cotton production efficiency, and finds that mechanical cotton picking technology can not only improve the economic benefit of cotton planting, but also effectively improve the cotton production technology efficiency. And both have greater room for promotion. In the fifth part of the article, the factors influencing the behavior of cotton picking technology were analyzed by using logistic regression method. The conclusion is as follows: the behavior of mechanical cotton picking technology is influenced by internal and external factors. Among the internal factors, the number of plots is small, the scale of cotton planting is large, and the cotton planting households who take part in training are more likely to adopt mechanical cotton picking technology. Among the external factors, the employment risk is the most important factor affecting the adoption of cotton harvesting technology. The mechanical cotton picking technology itself has some inherent deficiencies, such as: after spraying defoliating agent is easy to be affected by the weather, mechanical harvesting will cause waste of cotton, and there are no varieties suitable for mechanical harvesting, and so on. These technical problems affect the enthusiasm of cotton planting machine. However, there are still some unreasonable aspects in the grading standard and impingement standard of machine picking in the processing plant, such as the fuzziness of impingement standard, the high impounding standard and the fuzzy grading standard. The low grade of mechanical cotton picking has a negative effect on the adoption of cotton picking technology. Those who think that their own cotton planting scale is small, is not suitable to plant cotton picking machine, the possibility of using mechanical cotton picking technology is also less likely.
【學位授予單位】：石河子大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F326.12;F323.3

【引證文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 張靜;韓長杰;呂全貴;郭輝;楊宛章;;對新疆北疆采棉機應(yīng)用市場的調(diào)研與分析[J];新疆農(nóng)機化;2016年02期

，

本文編號：1954222