本文選題：食品安全 + 社區(qū)支持農業(yè)��； 參考：《煙臺大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：社區(qū)支持農業(yè)(CSA)是指以社區(qū)居民的支持為基礎,農產品生產者按照社區(qū)居民的需求,采取生態(tài)有機的生產方式產出綠色安全的農產品,并將之配送至社區(qū)居民家中。以需求層次理論、農業(yè)多功能理論、農業(yè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展理論等為基礎,社區(qū)支持農業(yè)作為一種新型經營模式和生產組織形式,在經濟穩(wěn)步推進的過程中,滿足了社區(qū)居民對健康、安全、綠色農產品更加迫切的需求。日本、美國、歐洲和中國等幾個國家社區(qū)支持農業(yè)的發(fā)展無不如此,只是各自的經營模式各具特色。中國社區(qū)支持農業(yè)的典型代表包括:以北京小毛驢市民農園為代表的預定型CSA、以廣東惠州四季分享農場為代表的眾籌型CSA、以無錫天藍地綠生態(tài)農場為代表的認種型CSA。CSA在食品安全保障機制上獨具特色,即通過社區(qū)生產機制、社區(qū)支持機制、社區(qū)參與機制、社區(qū)對接機制和社區(qū)監(jiān)督機制的相互配合,從生產到流通全過程保障食品安全健康。以煙臺市清谷田園CSA農場為例,該農場從2007年設立以來,會員數(shù)量每年增長速度超過10%,目前已達900余戶,年營業(yè)額500余萬元,其發(fā)展速度遠超過一般農業(yè)增長速度。該農場的成功經驗在于:傳統(tǒng)的生產方式保障農產品的生產安全,快捷的配送系統(tǒng)保持食品的新鮮及時,多樣化的經營創(chuàng)新適應顧客個性化需求,填補市場空白為顧客創(chuàng)造價值。通過對該農場200名顧客的調研發(fā)現(xiàn),該農場的顧客以中青年、高學歷和中高收入群體為主,顧客期望最高的因素是農產品的健康、衛(wèi)生狀況以及新鮮程度,顧客對于該農場評價滿意度最高的因素也是農產品的健康、衛(wèi)生狀況和新鮮程度,這就是該農場深受顧客歡迎的主要原因。發(fā)展CSA需要克服多方面的問題,包括生產者自身的生產體系、營銷體系的不完善以及消費者對于CSA存在的認知誤區(qū)。解決以上這些問題,應從生產者和消費者兩個方面作為著力點,著重提高生產者的素質和產品質量,從而提升消費者的信任,但不應該僅局限于這兩個方面,還可以通過政府的政策扶植和社會的輿論支持,實現(xiàn)CSA的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:Community support Agriculture (CSAA) is based on the support of community residents. According to the needs of community residents, producers of agricultural products produce green and safe agricultural products in an ecological and organic way and distribute them to the homes of community residents. Based on the theory of hierarchy of demand, the theory of multi-function agriculture and the theory of sustainable development of agriculture, the community supports agriculture as a new mode of operation and production organization. In the process of steady economic advancement, it satisfies the health of the community residents. Safety, green agricultural products more urgent needs. Communities in Japan, the United States, Europe and China support the development of agriculture, but their business models have their own characteristics. Typical examples of Chinese community support for agriculture include: pre-finalized CSAs, represented by Beijing Little Donkey Citizen Farm, crowdfunding CSAs, represented by four Seasons sharing Farm in Huizhou, Guangdong Province, and identification of species, represented by Wuxi Tianlandi Green Ecological Farm. Type A CSA.CSA has its own characteristics in the food safety guarantee mechanism. That is, through the cooperation of community production mechanism, community support mechanism, community participation mechanism, community docking mechanism and community supervision mechanism, the whole process from production to circulation ensures food safety and health. Taking Qinggu Pastoral CSA Farm in Yantai City as an example, the number of members has increased by more than 10% per year since its establishment in 2007. At present, there are more than 900 households with annual turnover of more than 5 million yuan, and its development rate is far higher than that of ordinary agriculture. The successful experience of the farm lies in the following aspects: the traditional mode of production ensures the production safety of agricultural products, the fast distribution system keeps the food fresh and timely, the diversified management innovation adapts to the individual needs of the customers. Fill the gap in the market to create value for customers. A survey of 200 customers on the farm showed that the farm's customers were mainly young and middle-aged, highly educated and high-income groups. The highest expectations of customers were the health, hygiene and freshness of agricultural products. The highest satisfaction of customers with the farm is also due to the health, hygiene and freshness of the farm, which is the main reason why the farm is popular with customers. To develop CSA, we need to overcome many problems, including producers' own production system, imperfect marketing system and consumers' misunderstanding of CSA. To solve these problems, we should focus on improving the quality of producers and the quality of products, so as to enhance the trust of consumers, but not only in these two areas. The sustainable development of CSA can be realized through the support of government policy and public opinion.
【學位授予單位】：煙臺大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F326.6

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