本文選題：返鄉(xiāng)農(nóng)民工 + 返鄉(xiāng)農(nóng)民工就業(yè)　； 參考：《信陽師范學(xué)院》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：勞動力就業(yè)是民生之本,是關(guān)系經(jīng)濟發(fā)展、社會穩(wěn)定、構(gòu)建社會主義和諧社會的重中之重。目前,農(nóng)民工群體是我國勞動力的重要組成部分,也是社會經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的主要推力。隨著經(jīng)濟發(fā)展步入新常態(tài),產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化升級,創(chuàng)新要素成為發(fā)展核心競爭力。此背景下,以勞動力為主要生產(chǎn)要素的大量企業(yè)和廠家也逐漸轉(zhuǎn)變觀念,利用數(shù)據(jù)化、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)、信息化模式為主導(dǎo),繼而減少對農(nóng)民工勞動力的需求。據(jù)此,部分農(nóng)民工面臨失業(yè)困境,在城鄉(xiāng)二元結(jié)構(gòu)尚未完全破解的情況下,農(nóng)民工失業(yè)等于失去在城市中的生存依靠,權(quán)衡之下另謀出路的首選是返鄉(xiāng)。更為重要的是,立足國情,城鎮(zhèn)暫時沒有能力為廣大農(nóng)民工提供足夠的、體面的就業(yè)崗位與薪酬,這與制度無關(guān),與經(jīng)濟發(fā)展水平有關(guān)�，F(xiàn)階段,大量進城農(nóng)民工中僅有部分群體可以在自身這一代實現(xiàn)落戶城鎮(zhèn),更多的人群注定要回歸鄉(xiāng)村。河南省近年來的相關(guān)統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)顯示,返鄉(xiāng)農(nóng)民工數(shù)量正在逐年增加,各級政府也相繼出臺針對性政策來保障返鄉(xiāng)農(nóng)民工的生存與發(fā)展。然而,考慮到返鄉(xiāng)農(nóng)民工群體間個體差異性,如何合理安置返鄉(xiāng)農(nóng)民工,并為返鄉(xiāng)農(nóng)民工提供合適的就業(yè)崗位,事關(guān)河南省經(jīng)濟社會長遠發(fā)展。解決返鄉(xiāng)農(nóng)民工就業(yè)問題是長期、復(fù)雜、艱巨的任務(wù)。本研究立足于河南省農(nóng)民工返鄉(xiāng)的現(xiàn)實,以返鄉(xiāng)農(nóng)民工就業(yè)為研究主體,主要根據(jù)前期的問卷和實地調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù),并總結(jié)已有的研究和結(jié)論,分析河南省返鄉(xiāng)農(nóng)民工的基本特征和就業(yè)特征,再進一步分析其就業(yè)存在的具體問題,最后對拓展返鄉(xiāng)農(nóng)民工的就業(yè)空間提出對策建議。具體而言,首先根據(jù)相關(guān)統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù),介紹河南省返鄉(xiāng)農(nóng)民工現(xiàn)狀,并重點從“三力”,即城市推力、農(nóng)村拉力與農(nóng)民工能力三個角度來分析其返鄉(xiāng)動因,歸納返鄉(xiāng)農(nóng)民工的社會特征、經(jīng)濟特征和人口特征;其次,根據(jù)對河南省黃淮四市的問卷和實地調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù),對返鄉(xiāng)農(nóng)民工的就業(yè)情況進行交互分析,從而得出有益結(jié)論,再重點分析其中凸顯的就業(yè)選擇局限、個體素質(zhì)能力欠缺與公共就業(yè)服務(wù)缺位三大就業(yè)障礙;最后,針對已有障礙,提出合理定位區(qū)域產(chǎn)業(yè)、增強政府服務(wù)意識、建立健全農(nóng)民工教育培訓(xùn)系統(tǒng)、完善就業(yè)服務(wù)體系等建議,力求緩解河南省返鄉(xiāng)農(nóng)民工就業(yè)問題。
[Abstract]:The employment of labor force is the foundation of people's livelihood and the most important part of the economic development, social stability and the construction of a harmonious socialist society. At present, migrant workers are an important part of China's labor force, and also the main thrust of social and economic development. With the economic development into the new normal, industrial structure optimization and upgrading, innovative elements become the core competitiveness of development. Under this background, a large number of enterprises and manufacturers with labor force as the main production factor also gradually change their ideas, use data, Internet, information mode as the leading mode, and then reduce the demand for migrant workers labor force. According to this, some migrant workers are facing the plight of unemployment. Under the situation that the dual structure of urban and rural areas has not been completely solved, the unemployment of migrant workers is tantamount to losing their survival in the city, and the first choice to find another way out under the balance is to return home. More importantly, based on the national conditions, cities and towns do not have the ability to provide migrant workers with adequate, decent jobs and salaries for the time being, which has nothing to do with the system, but also with the level of economic development. At present, a large number of migrant workers in the city can only a part of their own generation to set up a town, more people are destined to return to the countryside. The relevant statistics of Henan Province in recent years show that the number of migrant workers returning home is increasing year by year, and governments at all levels have also issued targeted policies to ensure the survival and development of migrant workers returning home. However, considering the individual difference among the groups of migrant workers returning home, how to reasonably resettle them and provide them with suitable employment posts is of great importance to the long-term economic and social development of Henan Province. Solving the employment problem of migrant workers returning home is a long-term, complex and arduous task. This study is based on the reality of migrant workers returning home in Henan Province, taking the employment of migrant workers returning home as the main body of study, mainly based on the previous questionnaire and field survey data, and summarizes the existing research and conclusions. This paper analyzes the basic characteristics and employment characteristics of migrant workers returning to their hometowns in Henan Province, further analyzes the specific problems existing in their employment, and finally puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions to expand the employment space of migrant workers returning to their hometowns. Specifically, first of all, according to the relevant statistical data, this paper introduces the status quo of migrant workers returning to their hometown in Henan Province, and analyzes the motivation of returning from the three aspects of "three forces", namely, urban thrust, rural pull and peasant workers' ability. The social, economic and demographic characteristics of migrant workers returning home are summarized. Secondly, according to the questionnaire and field survey data of the four cities of Huanghuai, Henan Province, the employment situation of migrant workers returning home is analyzed interactively, and the useful conclusions are drawn. Finally, aiming at the existing obstacles, the author puts forward the following three major obstacles: the limitation of employment choice, the lack of individual quality and ability, and the absence of public employment service. Finally, aiming at the existing obstacles, the author puts forward a reasonable orientation of regional industry and strengthens the government service consciousness. Some suggestions such as establishing and perfecting the education and training system of migrant workers and perfecting the employment service system are proposed in order to alleviate the employment problems of migrant workers returning to their hometown in Henan Province.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：信陽師范學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F323.6;F249.27

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本文編號：1831426