本文選題：農(nóng)村剩余勞動(dòng)力　切入點(diǎn)：新型城鎮(zhèn)化　出處：《江西財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：20世紀(jì)90年代初,我國(guó)農(nóng)村剩余勞動(dòng)力總數(shù)達(dá)1.5億人,2015年更是增加到了2.8億人以上,而勞動(dòng)力轉(zhuǎn)移的渠道單一,主要以農(nóng)民工的形式流動(dòng)就業(yè)為主,難以在城市中落戶,實(shí)現(xiàn)市民化。我國(guó)農(nóng)村勞動(dòng)力不但基數(shù)大,農(nóng)業(yè)人口占總?cè)丝诘谋戎匾策h(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)高于其他西方發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家。對(duì)于造成這一現(xiàn)狀的原因,傳統(tǒng)研究普遍將其歸咎于城鄉(xiāng)二元化戶籍制度、傾斜發(fā)展工業(yè)、工農(nóng)產(chǎn)品剪刀差等制度性因素,而對(duì)背后更深層次的原因解析則鮮有文獻(xiàn)提及。另外,國(guó)內(nèi)對(duì)于農(nóng)村勞動(dòng)力的研究主要還是集中在農(nóng)民工市民化一個(gè)方面,對(duì)于其他的轉(zhuǎn)移渠道的分析也比較少。本文對(duì)于農(nóng)村勞動(dòng)力進(jìn)行了更深入的研究,將我國(guó)勞動(dòng)人口現(xiàn)狀與城鎮(zhèn)化發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略聯(lián)系起來(lái),認(rèn)為傳統(tǒng)的城鎮(zhèn)化發(fā)展模式是導(dǎo)致農(nóng)村勞動(dòng)力過(guò)剩的根本原因,要實(shí)現(xiàn)農(nóng)村勞動(dòng)力在非農(nóng)產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移就業(yè)唯有向新型城鎮(zhèn)化的發(fā)展模式轉(zhuǎn)變,并且新型城鎮(zhèn)化建設(shè)能為勞動(dòng)力轉(zhuǎn)移打開(kāi)更多的渠道。圍繞著這一研究主題,本文先對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外農(nóng)村勞動(dòng)力轉(zhuǎn)移的理論、經(jīng)典模型以及國(guó)外比較成功的轉(zhuǎn)移方式進(jìn)行了歸納,總結(jié)出了農(nóng)村勞動(dòng)力轉(zhuǎn)移的成因、影響因素、社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)效應(yīng)和轉(zhuǎn)移方式等方面的內(nèi)容,為后面章節(jié)的研究奠定了較為堅(jiān)實(shí)的理論基礎(chǔ)。然后在第三章中分析了傳統(tǒng)城鎮(zhèn)化是如何制約勞動(dòng)力自由流動(dòng)、分割城鄉(xiāng),造成農(nóng)業(yè)人口轉(zhuǎn)移難、農(nóng)民工市民化難的困境。而新型城鎮(zhèn)化的重點(diǎn)在于人口的城鎮(zhèn)化,是統(tǒng)籌城鄉(xiāng)、最終實(shí)現(xiàn)城鄉(xiāng)一體化的發(fā)展模式,能為農(nóng)村勞動(dòng)力轉(zhuǎn)移破除制度上的轉(zhuǎn)移障礙,提供政策上的保障,并從多種渠道促進(jìn)了勞動(dòng)力的轉(zhuǎn)移,是對(duì)傳統(tǒng)城鎮(zhèn)化的改進(jìn)。接著在第四章中重點(diǎn)分析了新型城鎮(zhèn)化如何從工業(yè)、縣域小城鎮(zhèn)、農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)延伸三個(gè)途徑促進(jìn)農(nóng)村勞動(dòng)力的轉(zhuǎn)移以及勞動(dòng)力向高級(jí)產(chǎn)業(yè)、縣域經(jīng)濟(jì)、農(nóng)業(yè)延伸產(chǎn)業(yè)優(yōu)化配置如何反過(guò)來(lái)推動(dòng)城鎮(zhèn)化的建設(shè);最后是對(duì)本文的研究進(jìn)行總結(jié),得出結(jié)論,并列舉出了幾個(gè)促進(jìn)農(nóng)村勞動(dòng)力轉(zhuǎn)移就業(yè)的政策和成功樣例。
[Abstract]:At the beginning of 1990s, the total number of rural surplus labor in our country reached 150 million, and in 2015 it increased to more than 280 million. However, the channel of labor force transfer is single, mainly in the form of migrant workers, so it is difficult to settle down in cities. The rural labor force in our country has a large base and the proportion of agricultural population in the total population is far higher than that in other western developed countries. Traditional studies generally attribute it to the dual household registration system in urban and rural areas. Institutional factors such as favoring the development of industry, the difference between industrial and agricultural products, and so on, but the deeper analysis of the reasons behind it is rarely mentioned in the literature. In addition, domestic research on rural labor is mainly focused on the urbanization of migrant workers. The analysis of other transfer channels is also relatively few. This paper makes a more in-depth study on rural labor force, linking the current situation of China's labor force with the development strategy of urbanization. It is believed that the traditional development mode of urbanization is the fundamental reason leading to the surplus of rural labor force. In order to realize the transfer and employment of rural labor force in non-agricultural industries, the only way to achieve this goal is to change to a new pattern of urbanization. And the construction of new urbanization can open more channels for the transfer of labor force. Around this research theme, this paper summarizes the theories, classical models and successful transfer methods of rural labor force transfer at home and abroad. Summarized the causes of rural labor force transfer, influencing factors, social and economic effects and transfer methods and other aspects of the content, It lays a solid theoretical foundation for the later chapters. Then in the third chapter, it analyzes how traditional urbanization restricts the free movement of labor force, divides urban and rural areas, and makes the transfer of agricultural population difficult. The new type of urbanization focuses on the urbanization of the population, which is the development model of overall planning of urban and rural areas, and finally realizes the integration of urban and rural areas, which can break down the institutional transfer barriers for the transfer of rural labor. Providing policy protection and promoting the transfer of labor force from various channels is an improvement on the traditional urbanization. Then, in Chapter 4th, it focuses on how the new type of urbanization starts from industrial and county small towns. Agricultural industry extension three ways to promote the transfer of rural labor force and labor to advanced industry, county economy, agricultural extension industry optimization allocation in turn to promote the construction of urbanization; Finally, several successful policies and examples of promoting rural labor transfer and employment are given.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江西財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F323.6

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