本文選題：工礦用地擴(kuò)張　切入點(diǎn)：耕地資源　出處：《地理科學(xué)進(jìn)展》2017年05期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：中國城市化和工業(yè)化進(jìn)程所帶來的糧食安全問題一直是政府和學(xué)術(shù)界關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)。中國近25年來快速的城市化與工業(yè)化導(dǎo)致耕地資源減少和環(huán)境污染加劇,對國家糧食安全和農(nóng)業(yè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展產(chǎn)生一定影響。本文基于中國土地利用/覆蓋變化最新解譯結(jié)果和中國分縣糧食產(chǎn)量數(shù)據(jù),重建了中國1 km分辨率的糧食產(chǎn)量空間數(shù)據(jù),分析了中國1990-2015年工礦用地擴(kuò)張及其對糧食產(chǎn)能的影響。結(jié)果表明:中國工礦用地面積在1990-2015年間增長了326%,擴(kuò)張速率從1990-2000年的288 km~2/a增加到2000-2010年的1482 km~2/a,近5年(2010-2015年)擴(kuò)張速率最快,達(dá)2600 km~2/a。過去25年間工礦用地擴(kuò)張導(dǎo)致耕地面積減少1.7×104km2,直接導(dǎo)致糧食產(chǎn)能損失約6.49Mt(106t),因工礦用地擴(kuò)張可能會對周邊耕地污染等間接影響的糧食產(chǎn)量達(dá)83.20 Mt。經(jīng)評估,國家工礦用地擴(kuò)張對糧食產(chǎn)能潛在影響總體上是當(dāng)前糧食總產(chǎn)能的17%。在空間分布特征方面,工礦用地擴(kuò)張對糧食產(chǎn)能的直接影響呈現(xiàn)由東部沿海地區(qū)向西北地區(qū)逐漸減小趨勢;間接影響在中部和西部地區(qū)相對較大。
[Abstract]:Food security caused by urbanization and industrialization in China has always been the focus of attention of the government and academia. The rapid urbanization and industrialization of China in the past 25 years have resulted in the reduction of cultivated land resources and the intensification of environmental pollution. Based on the latest interpretation results of land use / cover change in China and the grain yield data of different counties in China, the spatial data of grain yield at a resolution of 1 km in China are reconstructed. The paper analyzes the expansion of industrial and mining land in China from 1990 to 2015 and its influence on grain production capacity. The results show that the area of industrial and mining land in China increased by 326% in 1990-2015, and the rate of expansion increased from 288 km~2/a in 1990-2000 to 1482 km-1 / 2 / a in 2000-2010. Over the past 25 years, the expansion of industrial and mining land has resulted in a decrease of 1.7 脳 104 km2 in cultivated land, and a direct loss of grain production capacity of about 6.49 Mt / 106t0.As a result of the indirect effects of the expansion of industrial and mining land on the surrounding cultivated land pollution, the grain production has reached 83.20 Mt. The potential effect of the expansion of industrial and mining land on grain production capacity is 17% of the total grain production capacity at present. In terms of spatial distribution, the direct effect of the expansion of industrial and mining land on grain productivity is gradually decreasing from the eastern coastal area to the northwest region. Indirect effects are relatively large in the central and western regions.
【作者單位】： 中國科學(xué)院地理科學(xué)與資源研究所陸地表層格局與模擬重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;中國科學(xué)院大學(xué);中國科學(xué)院新疆生態(tài)與地理研究所荒漠與綠洲生態(tài)國家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;
【基金】：國家重點(diǎn)基礎(chǔ)研究發(fā)展計(jì)劃(973計(jì)劃)項(xiàng)目(2014CB954302)~~
【分類號】：F301.2;F326.11

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本文編號：1627059