本文關鍵詞： 農(nóng)民分化 土地流轉 規(guī)模經(jīng)營 Logistic模型 實現(xiàn)路徑　出處：《安徽農(nóng)業(yè)大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：改革開放以來,隨著我國工業(yè)化和城市化的發(fā)展,我國農(nóng)村剩余勞動力大量轉移,從而導致了農(nóng)民分化的不斷發(fā)展,并成為農(nóng)村社會最突出的現(xiàn)象。在此背景下,我國農(nóng)村土地流轉經(jīng)歷了禁止、不禁止、認可和鼓勵四個發(fā)展階段,當前我國土地流轉市場雖然整體發(fā)展水平不高,但發(fā)展迅速并已初見規(guī)模。而隨著農(nóng)民職業(yè)和經(jīng)濟“雙重”分化的不斷發(fā)展,我國農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展面臨巨大的挑戰(zhàn),主要表現(xiàn)為經(jīng)營規(guī)模的細碎化和經(jīng)營方式的粗放化,這與現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)的本質要求是相悖的。本文在總結建國以來土地流轉與規(guī)模經(jīng)營發(fā)展歷程及制度演進特征的基礎上分析了我國農(nóng)民分化、土地流轉與規(guī)模經(jīng)營的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀,并基于安徽省農(nóng)戶調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)對土地流轉與規(guī)模經(jīng)營之間的關系進行了實證分析,據(jù)此闡述了土地流轉條件下規(guī)模經(jīng)營的實現(xiàn)路徑,并提出相關的政策建議。本文大致可分為四部分,其中第一部分主要介紹了研究的目的和意義,研究思路和方法及國內(nèi)外研究動態(tài),同時論述了本文的理論基礎并對相關概念進行了界定。第二部分首先介紹了我國土地流轉與規(guī)模經(jīng)營的發(fā)展歷程及制度演進特征,其次針對農(nóng)民分化、土地流轉和規(guī)模經(jīng)營的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀做了具體分析,并以此為下文的論述奠定基礎。第三部分基于安徽省農(nóng)戶調(diào)研數(shù)據(jù)對農(nóng)民分化背景下土地流轉與規(guī)模經(jīng)營的關系進行了實證研究。具體而言,首先運用Logistic模型分別對土地流轉和規(guī)模進行二元和有序回歸估計；其次對回歸結果進行對比分析,結果表明：農(nóng)戶類型、貧富分化和土地可轉讓權同時對土地流轉和規(guī)模經(jīng)營影響顯著,而非農(nóng)就業(yè)技能、土地抵押權和土地的養(yǎng)老保障功能對土地流轉影響顯著,地塊數(shù)量和務農(nóng)勞動力人數(shù)對規(guī)模經(jīng)營影響顯著：然后基于調(diào)研數(shù)據(jù)的分組處理發(fā)現(xiàn)土地流轉促進規(guī)模經(jīng)營的實現(xiàn)但并不必然導致規(guī)模經(jīng)營；最后從我國農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)營的現(xiàn)實出發(fā),得出了規(guī)模經(jīng)營對土地流轉有著剛性的需求而農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化必然要求規(guī)模經(jīng)營的結論。第四部分探討了土地流轉條件下我國規(guī)模經(jīng)營實現(xiàn)的發(fā)展路徑。本文認為應根據(jù)農(nóng)民的不同類型,有針對性的推進土地流轉和規(guī)模經(jīng)營：積極引導流轉土地向新型農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)營主體集中,穩(wěn)步推進兼業(yè)農(nóng)民的“前向”和“后向”分化,著力實現(xiàn)“前向”分化農(nóng)民和新生代農(nóng)民工的市民化,保護“后向”分化農(nóng)民和老一代農(nóng)民工的土地權益。最后,本文提出了相關的政策建議。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, with the development of industrialization and urbanization in China, the surplus labor force in rural areas has been transferred in a large amount, which has led to the continuous development of the differentiation of farmers. And become the most prominent phenomenon in rural society. In this context, the rural land circulation in China has experienced four stages of development: prohibition, non-prohibition, recognition and encouragement. Although the overall development level of the land circulation market in our country is not high at present, it has developed rapidly and has begun to take shape. However, with the continuous development of the "dual" differentiation between the farmer's occupation and the economy, the agricultural development of our country is faced with enormous challenges. The main performance for the size of the operation of the finer and the way of extensive operation. This is contrary to the essential requirements of modern agriculture. This paper analyzes the differentiation of farmers in our country on the basis of summarizing the development course of land circulation and scale management and the characteristics of system evolution since the founding of the people's Republic of China. The present situation of land circulation and scale management, and the empirical analysis of the relationship between land circulation and scale management based on the survey data of farmers in Anhui Province. Based on this, this paper expounds the realization path of scale operation under the condition of land circulation, and puts forward relevant policy recommendations. This paper can be roughly divided into four parts, the first part mainly introduces the purpose and significance of the research. Research ideas and methods and research trends at home and abroad. At the same time, it discusses the theoretical basis of this paper and defines the related concepts. The second part introduces the development process and institutional evolution characteristics of land circulation and scale management in China, and then aims at the differentiation of farmers. The current situation of land circulation and scale management is analyzed in detail. The third part is based on the survey data of farmers in Anhui Province, and carries out an empirical study on the relationship between land circulation and scale management under the background of farmer differentiation. Firstly, the Logistic model is used to estimate the land circulation and scale. Secondly, the comparative analysis of regression results shows that the types of farmers, the differentiation between rich and poor and land transferable rights have significant effects on land circulation and scale management, but not on the employment skills of agriculture. Land mortgage and the function of land pension security have a significant impact on land circulation. The number of land plots and the number of rural labor force have a significant impact on the scale management: then the group processing based on the survey data found that the land transfer promotes the realization of scale management but does not necessarily lead to scale management; Finally, from the reality of agricultural management in China. The paper draws the conclusion that scale management has rigid demand for land circulation and agricultural modernization must require scale operation. Part 4th discusses the development path of scale management in China under the condition of land circulation. Depending on the type of farmer. To promote land circulation and scale management: actively guide the circulation of land to the new agricultural management of the main body, and steadily promote the "forward" and "backward" differentiation of part-time farmers. To realize the "forward" differentiation of farmers and the new generation of migrant workers, to protect the "backward" differentiation of farmers and the old generation of migrant workers' land rights and interests. Finally, this paper puts forward the relevant policy recommendations.
【學位授予單位】：安徽農(nóng)業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F321.1

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