發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-01-26 07:37

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 森林資源—環(huán)境—經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)合系統(tǒng) 可持續(xù)發(fā)展 黑龍江國(guó)有林區(qū)　出處：《東北林業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：經(jīng)過(guò)半個(gè)多世紀(jì)的開發(fā)建設(shè),黑龍江重點(diǎn)國(guó)有林區(qū)為國(guó)家生產(chǎn)了大量木材產(chǎn)品,為國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展、社會(huì)進(jìn)步做出了重大貢獻(xiàn)。但同時(shí)林區(qū)社會(huì)陷入“資源危機(jī)、經(jīng)濟(jì)危困”的兩危境地,生態(tài)環(huán)境也隨之不斷惡化。從2014年4月1日起,國(guó)家對(duì)黑龍江省內(nèi)重點(diǎn)國(guó)有林區(qū)全面停止天然林商業(yè)性采伐。這意味著黑龍江國(guó)有林區(qū)發(fā)展到了十字路口,林區(qū)資源、經(jīng)濟(jì)與社會(huì)發(fā)展能否可持續(xù)發(fā)展成為我們必須回答的時(shí)代議題。因此,在黑龍江國(guó)有林區(qū)全面停止天然林商業(yè)性采伐、國(guó)有林區(qū)社會(huì)未來(lái)發(fā)展將發(fā)生重大轉(zhuǎn)變、林業(yè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展能力受到嚴(yán)重挑戰(zhàn)、國(guó)有林區(qū)發(fā)展方向亟待回答之際,本文從黑龍江國(guó)有林區(qū)所擁有遼闊的林地資源、豐富的“綠色”林下經(jīng)濟(jì)資源和能提供社會(huì)需要的生態(tài)產(chǎn)品等全新視角出發(fā),重新審視評(píng)價(jià)黑龍江國(guó)有林區(qū)具有的可持續(xù)發(fā)展能力與水平,跳出傳統(tǒng)的以可采資源為主體評(píng)價(jià)國(guó)有林區(qū)可持續(xù)發(fā)展能力的制框,探求新形勢(shì)下國(guó)有林區(qū)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的思路與對(duì)策,以期為政府制訂國(guó)有林區(qū)經(jīng)營(yíng)方針、改革方案提供理論支撐與政策建議。首先,本文在對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外現(xiàn)有研究成果進(jìn)行梳理的基礎(chǔ)上,以可持續(xù)發(fā)展理論、復(fù)雜系統(tǒng)理論、生態(tài)學(xué)理論為基礎(chǔ),通過(guò)對(duì)黑龍江國(guó)有林區(qū)森林資源一環(huán)境一經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)合系統(tǒng)(FEES)情況實(shí)地調(diào)研、探查,搜集摸清了黑龍江國(guó)有林區(qū)各個(gè)林業(yè)局FEES的相關(guān)的基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù),并依據(jù)調(diào)研數(shù)據(jù),明確了黑龍江國(guó)有林區(qū)FEES的構(gòu)成,從耦合機(jī)理角度分析了黑龍江國(guó)有林區(qū)FEES各個(gè)子系統(tǒng)之間的關(guān)系。研究表明：黑龍江國(guó)有林區(qū)FEES可持續(xù)發(fā)展是以森林資源子系統(tǒng)可持續(xù)發(fā)展為基礎(chǔ),以經(jīng)濟(jì)子系統(tǒng)可持續(xù)發(fā)展為樞紐,以環(huán)境子系統(tǒng)發(fā)展為載體的動(dòng)態(tài)耦合發(fā)展過(guò)程。其次,本文獨(dú)創(chuàng)地運(yùn)用系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)解析模型和系統(tǒng)動(dòng)力學(xué)原理相結(jié)合,分析了黑龍江國(guó)有林區(qū)EES的運(yùn)行機(jī)理。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)：構(gòu)成黑龍江國(guó)有林區(qū)FEES共有15條運(yùn)行路徑,每條路徑都不同程度的影響著國(guó)有林區(qū)FEES及其子系統(tǒng)。而且,在森林資源子系統(tǒng)中,其核心因子是“森林采伐量”和“森林面積”,環(huán)境子系統(tǒng)核心因子是“氣候變化”,經(jīng)濟(jì)子系統(tǒng)的核心因子是“林業(yè)產(chǎn)值”和“林業(yè)科技”,同時(shí)得到“森林采伐量”和“林業(yè)產(chǎn)值”是FEES的核心因子。第三,依據(jù)黑龍江國(guó)有林區(qū)FEES的運(yùn)行機(jī)理,通過(guò)向林業(yè)科研部門、高校和林業(yè)行政主管部門及基層林業(yè)科技推廣部門、企業(yè)部門的專家進(jìn)行咨詢,從森林資源、環(huán)境、經(jīng)濟(jì)三個(gè)維度確定了黑龍江國(guó)有林區(qū)FEES可持續(xù)發(fā)展的評(píng)價(jià)體系,并進(jìn)行了相應(yīng)評(píng)價(jià)。結(jié)果表明：黑龍江國(guó)有林區(qū)FEES可持續(xù)發(fā)展水平整體中等偏弱,正處于傳統(tǒng)發(fā)展向可持續(xù)發(fā)展的過(guò)渡階段。第四,首次在評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果的基礎(chǔ)上,以FEES核心因子“森林采伐量”和“林業(yè)產(chǎn)值”為輸入變量,采用RBF神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)預(yù)測(cè)方法分析了黑龍江國(guó)有林區(qū)FEES的未來(lái)發(fā)展走向。研究表明：在2020年,黑龍江國(guó)有林區(qū)FEES整體仍存在一定警情,黑龍江森工林區(qū)的40個(gè)林業(yè)局中,“巨警”占2.5%,“重警”占10%,“中警”占27.5%,“輕警”占32.5%,“無(wú)警”占27.5%。依據(jù)不同警情具體分析其存在的原因,指出需要針對(duì)不同的林業(yè)局及地區(qū)的警情特點(diǎn),采取有針對(duì)性的解決措施。第五,首次提出從FEES的核心因子出發(fā),針對(duì)不同林業(yè)局FEES可持續(xù)發(fā)展的警情特點(diǎn),分別構(gòu)建了“巨警”、“重警與中警”、“輕警”的對(duì)策體系。為了確保黑龍江國(guó)有林區(qū)FEES的可持續(xù)發(fā)展對(duì)策得以順利實(shí)施,構(gòu)建了FEES的可持續(xù)發(fā)展保障機(jī)制,該機(jī)制包括創(chuàng)新機(jī)制、多方協(xié)作機(jī)制、市場(chǎng)調(diào)節(jié)機(jī)制、區(qū)域環(huán)境宏觀調(diào)控機(jī)制和生態(tài)補(bǔ)償機(jī)制。
[Abstract]:After more than half a century of development and construction, Heilongjiang key state-owned forest produce large wood products for the country, for the development of the national economy and made a great contribution to social progress. But at the same time in the society into "resource crisis, economic crisis" two danger, ecological environment has been deteriorating. From April 1, 2014 onwards, the country to stop comprehensive commercial logging of natural forests of key state-owned forest in Heilongjiang province. This means that the Heilongjiang state-owned forestry development to the crossroads, forest resources, economic and social development, sustainable development has become the era of question we must answer. Therefore, full stop commercial logging of natural forests in Heilongjiang state forest, state forest social development will be a major change the future, sustainable forestry development is facing serious challenge, the state-owned forest development direction to be answered on the occasion, from the state of Heilongjiang The region has vast forest resources, rich green forest can provide economic resources and social needs of ecological products such as new perspective, re-examine the sustainable development ability and level evaluation of Heilongjiang state owned forest region has, to jump out of the traditional mining resources as the main evaluation of sustainable development of state-owned forest system frame. Ideas and Countermeasures for the sustainable development of state-owned forest exploration under the new situation, in order for the government to establish the state-owned forest management policy, to provide theoretical support and policy recommendations for reform. First, based on the domestic and foreign existing research results on carding, take the sustainable development theory, complex system theory, ecology theory as a foundation, through the the Heilongjiang state owned forest resources environment economy compound system (FEES) field research, exploration, collect out each state-owned forest in Heilongjiang The basic data related to Forestry Bureau FEES, and on the basis of the survey data, the FEES of Heilongjiang state owned forest region, from the angle of the coupling mechanism analysis of the relationship between FEES and Heilongjiang state owned forest region of each subsystem. The study shows that the sustainable development of state-owned forest in Heilongjiang FEES is based on the sustainable development of forest resources subsystem based on the sustainable development of economy the subsystem as the hub, with the development environment subsystem for the dynamic coupling development carrier. Secondly, this paper innovatively applies the principle of the structural analysis of system dynamics model and system integration, analyzes the operation mechanism of Heilongjiang state owned Forest Region of EES. The study found: FEES Heilongjiang state owned forest region a total of 15 running paths, each path is different the degree of influence of state-owned forest FEES and its subsystems. Moreover, the forest resources in the system, the core factor is the forest harvest volumes "And" forest area ", the environment subsystem is the core factor of" climate change ", the core factor of economic subsystem is" forestry output value "and" forestry science and technology ", and" deforestation "and" forestry output value "is the core factor of FEES. Third, according to the operation mechanism of FEES in Heilongjiang state owned forest region. According to the forestry scientific research departments, universities and administrative departments of forestry and forestry science and Technology Extension Department, business department experts for consultation, the environment of the forest resources, and the three dimensions of economic FEES was determined in Heilongjiang state owned forest region sustainable development evaluation system, and the corresponding evaluation. The results show that the level of sustainable development of the state-owned forest area FEES Heilongjiang overall medium weak, is in transition from traditional development to sustainable development. In fourth, for the first time on the basis of the evaluation results, the forest harvesting FEES core factor" "And" forestry output value "as the input variables, using RBF neural network prediction method to analyze the future development trend of FEES in Heilongjiang state owned forest region. The results show that: in 2020, FEES Heilongjiang state owned forest region there are still some overall alarm, 40 Forestry Bureau of Heilongjiang forest industry, the" giant police "accounted for 2.5%." "police" in police "accounted for 10%, accounted for 27.5%, accounting for 32.5%," light warning "" no warning "for 27.5%. alarm according to different specific analysis of the reasons for its existence, pointed out the need for alarm features of Forestry Bureau and different regions, will take measures targeted solutions. Fifth, put forward for the first time from the core factor of FEES, according to police intelligence characteristics of different forestry sustainable development FEES, were constructed by the" giant police "," police and police "," light warning countermeasure system ". In order to ensure the Sustainable Development Countermeasures of Heilongjiang FEES state-owned forest A sustainable development guarantee mechanism for FEES is successfully implemented. The mechanism includes innovation mechanism, multi party cooperation mechanism, market adjustment mechanism, regional environmental macro control mechanism and ecological compensation mechanism.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北林業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：F326.2

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