【摘要】：自人類進(jìn)入工業(yè)社會(huì)以來，旅游業(yè)發(fā)展速度和效益如同人類自身的文明和財(cái)富一樣與時(shí)俱進(jìn)。旅游業(yè)現(xiàn)已發(fā)展為世界上產(chǎn)業(yè)規(guī)模最大和發(fā)展勢頭最強(qiáng)勁的產(chǎn)業(yè)，在近十年的發(fā)展歷程中，中國旅游業(yè)取得了令人矚目的成就。本文基于區(qū)位關(guān)系和地緣優(yōu)勢選取西北五省區(qū)作為區(qū)域旅游業(yè)發(fā)展的研究對(duì)象，分別從宏觀和微觀兩方面對(duì)西北五省區(qū)的區(qū)域旅游產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展進(jìn)行綜合評(píng)價(jià)和系統(tǒng)分析，具體基于區(qū)域旅游產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的均衡性和旅游產(chǎn)業(yè)績效評(píng)價(jià)這兩個(gè)角度展開實(shí)證研究。 第一，通過西北五省區(qū)區(qū)域旅游產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展均衡性的綜合評(píng)價(jià)來從宏觀角度把握該區(qū)域旅游產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀。具體做法是選取基尼系數(shù)這一均衡測度指標(biāo)，為從社會(huì)和自然兩方面考量西北五省區(qū)區(qū)域旅游業(yè)發(fā)展的均衡性，將旅游收入按人口和各地占有旅游資源分配得出相應(yīng)的基尼系數(shù)，，并將其按國際和國內(nèi)兩個(gè)收入來源進(jìn)行分解，結(jié)果顯示西北五省區(qū)區(qū)域旅游業(yè)總體由于受到國內(nèi)旅游業(yè)較均衡發(fā)展的高貢獻(xiàn)率的重大影響而呈現(xiàn)均衡增長，其均衡性呈上升趨勢；各省區(qū)的國際入境旅游業(yè)發(fā)展差異較大，但對(duì)總體影響的貢獻(xiàn)率較低。結(jié)合經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)原理中區(qū)域均衡理論進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步分析得知，一個(gè)開放的區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展，在達(dá)到完全成熟的發(fā)展階段之前，必然是一個(gè)非均衡的系統(tǒng)和過程，追求過分的均衡只能導(dǎo)致區(qū)域共同落后。西北五省區(qū)的旅游業(yè)現(xiàn)正處于“低水平的均衡陷阱”，其旅游業(yè)只有打破眼前這種穩(wěn)定的平衡態(tài)，更多地考慮效率而非均衡，區(qū)域旅游業(yè)在非均衡的狀態(tài)下發(fā)展才能再一次起飛，才能實(shí)現(xiàn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的目標(biāo)。 第二，通過西北五省區(qū)區(qū)域旅游產(chǎn)業(yè)績效的系統(tǒng)分析來從微觀角度研究該區(qū)域旅游產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r。具體是從總量和質(zhì)量兩方面研究西北五省區(qū)旅游產(chǎn)業(yè)績效，在系統(tǒng)分析相關(guān)因素對(duì)旅游產(chǎn)業(yè)績效的直接和間接影響作用的同時(shí)，通過面板數(shù)據(jù)的固定效應(yīng)模型以及分位數(shù)回歸模型，分析相關(guān)因素的總體影響以及相關(guān)因素的動(dòng)態(tài)影響過程，結(jié)果顯示西北五省區(qū)提升旅游產(chǎn)業(yè)績效，應(yīng)依托于低級(jí)要素到高級(jí)要素的逐步釋放；注重旅游產(chǎn)業(yè)的資本投入和提高各地經(jīng)濟(jì)整體實(shí)力；在勞動(dòng)力投入方面注重素質(zhì)建設(shè)；對(duì)市場制度建設(shè)、對(duì)外開放和經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)服務(wù)化水平的影響作用應(yīng)給予充分關(guān)注。 最后，根據(jù)區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展理論的指導(dǎo)，以從宏觀、微觀兩方面掌握的西北五省區(qū)區(qū)域旅游產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀為基礎(chǔ)，研究突破低水平均衡陷阱，實(shí)現(xiàn)區(qū)域旅游業(yè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的目標(biāo)的政策，具體包括區(qū)域內(nèi)各省區(qū)應(yīng)加強(qiáng)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)、著力發(fā)展旅游特色核心吸引物、打造精品旅游線路、加強(qiáng)區(qū)域旅游合作及轉(zhuǎn)變營銷觀念。
[Abstract]:Since human beings entered the industrial society, the speed and benefits of tourism development are as fast as the civilization and wealth of human beings. Tourism has developed into the largest and most powerful industry in the world. In the past ten years, China's tourism industry has made remarkable achievements. Based on the location relationship and geographical advantages, this paper selects the five provinces and regions of northwest as the research object of regional tourism development, and makes a comprehensive evaluation and systematic analysis of the regional tourism industry development of the five provinces and regions of northwest China from the macro-and micro-aspects, respectively. Based on the balance of regional tourism industry development and tourism industry performance evaluation, an empirical study is carried out. Firstly, through the comprehensive evaluation of the balanced development of regional tourism industry in five provinces and regions of northwest China, this paper holds the current situation of regional tourism industry development from a macro point of view. The specific approach is to select the Gini coefficient as a balanced measure index, in order to consider the balance of regional tourism development in the five provinces and regions of northwest China from both social and natural aspects. The corresponding Gini coefficient is derived from the distribution of tourism revenues by population and local ownership of tourism resources, and broken down by two sources of income, international and domestic, The results show that the regional tourism industry in Northwest China has a balanced growth due to the high contribution rate of the domestic tourism industry, and its balance is on the rise. The development of international inbound tourism is different among provinces and regions, but the contribution to the overall impact is low. In combination with the theory of regional equilibrium in economics, we know that the development of an open regional economic system is bound to be an unbalanced system and process before it reaches a fully mature stage of development. The pursuit of excessive equilibrium can only lead to regional backwardness. The tourism industry in the five northwest provinces is now in a "low-level equilibrium trap," and its tourism industry only breaks this stable equilibrium at the moment and pays more attention to efficiency than to equilibrium. The development of regional tourism in the unbalanced state can take off again and achieve the goal of sustainable development. Secondly, through the systematic analysis of the regional tourism industry performance of the northwest five provinces and regions, this paper studies the development of the regional tourism industry from the micro point of view. Specifically, the paper studies the tourism industry performance from the total quantity and the quality, and analyzes the direct and indirect effects of the related factors on the tourism industry performance, at the same time, it also analyzes the direct and indirect effects of the related factors on the tourism industry performance. Through the fixed effect model of panel data and the quantile regression model, this paper analyzes the overall influence of related factors and the dynamic influence process of related factors. The results show that the five provinces and regions of northwest China improve the performance of tourism industry. We should rely on the gradual release of low-level elements to high-level elements; Pay attention to the capital investment of tourism industry and improve the overall strength of the economy, pay attention to the construction of quality in the aspect of labor input, and give full attention to the influence of market system construction, opening up to the outside world and the service level of economic structure. Finally, according to the guidance of the theory of regional economic development, based on the current situation of regional tourism industry development in northwest five provinces and regions from macro-and micro-aspects, the paper breaks through the trap of low-level equilibrium. Policies to achieve the goal of sustainable development of regional tourism include, in particular, that the provinces and regions of the region should strengthen the construction of infrastructure, focus on the development of core attraction primers for tourism characteristics, and create fine tourism routes. Strengthen regional tourism cooperation and change marketing concept.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：F592.7

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