本文選題：民間造型 + 剪樣　； 參考：《遼寧師范大學》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：伴隨世界經(jīng)濟一體化的發(fā)展，全球各類型的文化正在相互融合。這對很多小民族的傳統(tǒng)文化傳承產(chǎn)生了巨大影響。鄂倫春族地處我國北疆，人口稀少。1953年到今天的50多年時間里經(jīng)歷了狩獵、農(nóng)耕、多種經(jīng)營等生產(chǎn)方式變遷，隨著自然環(huán)境、社會發(fā)展等因素的影響。他們的傳統(tǒng)文化同樣面臨著消亡和快速流變的問題。 這里氣候寒冷，自然條件惡劣，生存問題是頭等大事，他們在與自然界的競爭中形成了適于環(huán)境的生存與信仰的文化習俗。所以生存繁衍成為其文化核心，在一切實用文化上也都注入這種精神寄托。鄂倫春的民間造型為物質(zhì)形式的精神載體，可以成為我們探求其本源文化的重要內(nèi)容。本文調(diào)查的范圍主要是大興安嶺的十八站鄉(xiāng)、白銀納鄉(xiāng)。 筆者通過田野調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，鄂倫春族的傳統(tǒng)民間造型同其他民族的民間造型相比具有本民族鮮明的個性特征，這種特征的形成與它的生存環(huán)境和生存方式密切相關。隨著民族交融的加速以及對當?shù)刈匀毁Y源的持續(xù)開發(fā)，這里的自然環(huán)境和社會環(huán)境都發(fā)生了巨大改變。受此影響，這里的傳統(tǒng)造型在適應社會發(fā)展，同時也出現(xiàn)了技藝失傳和傳統(tǒng)紋樣迅速更新的情況。 鄂倫春族傳統(tǒng)民間造型非常豐富。樺樹皮、曲柳木、樟松等為原料可制作各類生存用具。如：樺皮船、木刀、神偶等，現(xiàn)已不多見。狍皮、鹿皮等獸皮可做各類傳統(tǒng)服飾。傳統(tǒng)服裝、鞋帽的板式和紋飾幸運的依靠衣服版樣傳承至今。版樣以民間剪紙、繪畫、刺繡的形式存在，并不斷隨著外來圖案的融入發(fā)生著變化。樺樹皮、樟松樹皮可以剪或刻出各種玩具造型，有人、動物和撮羅子等。這些造型體現(xiàn)出了先民們敏感和豐富的造型本能，現(xiàn)今這種玩具瀕臨失傳。為適應經(jīng)濟社會的發(fā)展，年輕人不愿再延續(xù)父輩的生存道路，他們正在傳統(tǒng)與現(xiàn)代中徘徊。 基于上述原因，本文要研究兩個問題：一是通過調(diào)查，總結出鄂倫春族傳統(tǒng)民間造型種類特征及民俗內(nèi)涵；二是通過對個案調(diào)查研究，梳理出鄂倫春族傳統(tǒng)民間造型的傳承現(xiàn)狀，并總結影響傳承的不同因素。
[Abstract]:With the development of world economic integration, all kinds of cultures in the world are merging with each other. This has had a great impact on the traditional cultural heritage of many small nationalities. The Oroqun nationality is located in the north of our country and has a small population. In the more than 50 years from 1953 to today, it has experienced the changes of production modes such as hunting, farming and diversified management, and with the influence of natural environment, social development and other factors. Their traditional culture is also faced with the problem of extinction and rapid change. The climate is cold, the natural conditions are bad, the survival problem is the top priority, they in the competition with nature to form a suitable environment for the survival and belief of the cultural customs. Therefore, survival and reproduction become the core of its culture, and all practical cultures are infused with this kind of spiritual sustenance. The folk form of Oroqun is the spiritual carrier of material form, which can become the important content of our seeking its original culture. The scope of this investigation is mainly 18 stations in Daxing'an Mountains, Baiyin Na Township. Through field investigation, the author finds that the traditional folk modeling of Oroqian nationality has its own distinctive personality characteristics compared with those of other nationalities, and the formation of this characteristic is closely related to its living environment and way of existence. With the acceleration of ethnic blending and the sustainable development of local natural resources, the natural and social environments have undergone tremendous changes. Affected by this, the traditional modeling here adapts to the development of society, at the same time, it also appears the situation of lost skill and rapid updating of the traditional pattern. Oroqian traditional folk modeling is very rich. Birch bark, willow wood, camphor pine as raw materials can be made of various survival appliances. Such as: birch ship, wooden knife, god, and so on, is now rare. Roe deer skin, deer skin and other skins can be made into all kinds of traditional clothing. Traditional clothing, shoes and hats of the plate and decoration lucky to rely on clothing version of the inheritance. Version of the sample to folk paper-cut, painting, embroidery in the form of, and constantly changing with the integration of foreign patterns. Birch bark, camphor bark can be cut or carved out of a variety of toy shapes, people, animals and pinnacles, and so on. These shapes reflect the ancestors sensitive and rich modeling instinct, now this toy is on the verge of loss. In order to adapt to the economic and social development, young people do not want to continue the survival of their parents, they are wandering in the traditional and modern. Based on the above reasons, this paper will study two problems: first, through the investigation, summed up the Oroqian traditional folk modeling characteristics and folklore connotation; second, through the case study, Combing out the status quo of the traditional folk modeling of Oroqian nationality, and summarizing the different factors that affect the inheritance.
【學位授予單位】：遼寧師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：J528

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相關期刊論文 前1條

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本文編號：1847262