萊州港競爭力研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-12-18 11:24
【摘要】：隨著全球經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化進(jìn)程的加速，世界各地的經(jīng)濟(jì)聯(lián)系更加密切，對物流的依賴程度也更高。海運(yùn)作為全球貿(mào)易中發(fā)揮著主力軍作用的物流方式，其意義越來越得到各國的重視，而港口作為海運(yùn)的節(jié)點(diǎn)，其重要性也不言而喻。因此，伴隨而來的港口之間的競爭也就不可避免，并且有愈演愈烈的趨勢。港口競爭不僅存在于港口群之間，也存在于港口群內(nèi)部，山東半島港口群作為中國的五大港口群之一，有優(yōu)越的環(huán)境優(yōu)勢和腹地優(yōu)勢，內(nèi)部競爭也非常激烈。 2011年1月4日，《山東半島藍(lán)色經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)發(fā)展規(guī)劃》獲得國務(wù)院的批復(fù)，上升為國家戰(zhàn)略，山東半島港口的發(fā)展迎來新的機(jī)遇。規(guī)劃提出要建設(shè)以青島港為龍頭的東北亞航運(yùn)樞紐，這給山東半島的港口建設(shè)產(chǎn)生巨大的推動作用，但同時也要看到，各港口不斷擴(kuò)張建設(shè)會使已經(jīng)很嚴(yán)峻的競爭態(tài)勢進(jìn)一步惡化。在這種形勢下，在夾縫中生存的中小港口企業(yè)有必要對自身的競爭力作全面、準(zhǔn)確的評估，并以此為據(jù)進(jìn)行正確的市場定位，選擇適合自身的發(fā)展策略，才能在未來的競爭中保有自己的一席之地。 在作針對萊州港的競爭力評價前，本文先對于現(xiàn)存的競爭力評價的國內(nèi)外研究成果做了綜述，并對港口競爭力評價的相關(guān)理論做了論述。港口競爭與其他企業(yè)的市場競爭不同，原因在于港口有公共產(chǎn)品的性質(zhì)，其市場具有一定程度的壟斷性。對于評價方法的選擇和指標(biāo)體系的建立，本文也做了比較詳細(xì)的論述，因為這兩個因素是系統(tǒng)評價的關(guān)鍵步驟。只有選取了適合的方法，建立了合理的指標(biāo)體系，才能做出客觀全面的評價。 本文選擇位于渤海萊州灣畔的萊州港作為研究對象，萊州港是山東半島港口群中眾多中小港口之一，目前隸屬于中國海外發(fā)展集團(tuán)有限公司，周圍有青島港、日照港、煙臺港這樣的國際、國內(nèi)航運(yùn)中心的擠壓，生存空間狹小，在我國的中小型港口中具有典型性。研究方法方面，，本文先用態(tài)勢分析法對萊州港面臨的競爭態(tài)勢作簡要分析，識別主要的影響競爭力的因素，然后將模糊數(shù)學(xué)方法與層次分析法相結(jié)合，建立了模糊層次分析綜合評價模型用于港口競爭力的評價。最后分析評價結(jié)果，提出適合萊州港發(fā)展的策略。同時本文也企圖通過對萊州港這樣一個典型的研究，在評價萊州港競爭力和尋找其發(fā)展思路的同時也能夠為探索普遍適合中小港口的競爭力評價方法和發(fā)展策略提供一點(diǎn)參考。
[Abstract]:With the acceleration of the process of global economic integration, the economic links around the world become closer and more dependent on logistics. As the main force of the global trade, the significance of maritime transportation has been paid more and more attention by many countries, and the importance of the port as the node of maritime transportation is also self-evident. Therefore, the accompanying competition between ports is inevitable, and there is a growing trend. Port competition exists not only among port groups, but also within port groups. As one of the five major port groups in China, Shandong Peninsula port group has superior environmental advantages and hinterland advantages, and the internal competition is also very fierce. On January 4, 2011, the "Development Plan of Blue Economic Zone of Shandong Peninsula" was approved by the State Council and became a national strategy. The development of ports in Shandong Peninsula ushered in new opportunities. The plan proposes to build a shipping hub in Northeast Asia with Qingdao Port as its leading role, which will give a tremendous impetus to the port construction in the Shandong Peninsula, but at the same time, it should also be seen. The continuous expansion of the ports will further worsen the already severe competition situation. In this situation, it is necessary for the small and medium-sized port enterprises to make a comprehensive and accurate evaluation of their own competitiveness, and take this as the basis to carry out the correct market positioning and choose the development strategy suitable for themselves. In order to maintain their own place in the future competition. Before evaluating the competitiveness of Laizhou port, this paper summarizes the domestic and foreign research results of the existing competitiveness evaluation, and discusses the relevant theories of port competitiveness evaluation. Port competition is different from the market competition of other enterprises because port has the nature of public goods and its market has a certain degree of monopoly. The selection of evaluation method and the establishment of index system are also discussed in detail, because these two factors are the key steps of system evaluation. Only by selecting suitable method and establishing reasonable index system can objective and comprehensive evaluation be made. This paper chooses Laizhou Port, which is located on the banks of Laizhou Bay in Bohai Sea, as the object of study. Laizhou Port is one of the many small and medium-sized ports in the port group of Shandong Peninsula, which is currently affiliated with China overseas Development Group Co., Ltd., surrounded by Qingdao Port and Rizhao Port. Yantai Port, such as international, domestic shipping center squeeze, narrow living space, in our small and medium-sized ports have a typical. In the aspect of research methods, this paper firstly uses situation analysis method to analyze the competition situation of Laizhou Port, identifies the main factors that affect competitiveness, and then combines fuzzy mathematics method with AHP method. The fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) comprehensive evaluation model is established to evaluate the port competitiveness. Finally, the evaluation results are analyzed and the strategies suitable for the development of Laizhou Port are put forward. At the same time, this paper also attempts to evaluate the competitiveness of Laizhou Port and find its development ideas through a typical study of Laizhou Port. It can also provide a reference for exploring the evaluation methods and development strategies for the competitiveness of small and medium-sized ports.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：F552.7
[Abstract]:With the acceleration of the process of global economic integration, the economic links around the world become closer and more dependent on logistics. As the main force of the global trade, the significance of maritime transportation has been paid more and more attention by many countries, and the importance of the port as the node of maritime transportation is also self-evident. Therefore, the accompanying competition between ports is inevitable, and there is a growing trend. Port competition exists not only among port groups, but also within port groups. As one of the five major port groups in China, Shandong Peninsula port group has superior environmental advantages and hinterland advantages, and the internal competition is also very fierce. On January 4, 2011, the "Development Plan of Blue Economic Zone of Shandong Peninsula" was approved by the State Council and became a national strategy. The development of ports in Shandong Peninsula ushered in new opportunities. The plan proposes to build a shipping hub in Northeast Asia with Qingdao Port as its leading role, which will give a tremendous impetus to the port construction in the Shandong Peninsula, but at the same time, it should also be seen. The continuous expansion of the ports will further worsen the already severe competition situation. In this situation, it is necessary for the small and medium-sized port enterprises to make a comprehensive and accurate evaluation of their own competitiveness, and take this as the basis to carry out the correct market positioning and choose the development strategy suitable for themselves. In order to maintain their own place in the future competition. Before evaluating the competitiveness of Laizhou port, this paper summarizes the domestic and foreign research results of the existing competitiveness evaluation, and discusses the relevant theories of port competitiveness evaluation. Port competition is different from the market competition of other enterprises because port has the nature of public goods and its market has a certain degree of monopoly. The selection of evaluation method and the establishment of index system are also discussed in detail, because these two factors are the key steps of system evaluation. Only by selecting suitable method and establishing reasonable index system can objective and comprehensive evaluation be made. This paper chooses Laizhou Port, which is located on the banks of Laizhou Bay in Bohai Sea, as the object of study. Laizhou Port is one of the many small and medium-sized ports in the port group of Shandong Peninsula, which is currently affiliated with China overseas Development Group Co., Ltd., surrounded by Qingdao Port and Rizhao Port. Yantai Port, such as international, domestic shipping center squeeze, narrow living space, in our small and medium-sized ports have a typical. In the aspect of research methods, this paper firstly uses situation analysis method to analyze the competition situation of Laizhou Port, identifies the main factors that affect competitiveness, and then combines fuzzy mathematics method with AHP method. The fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) comprehensive evaluation model is established to evaluate the port competitiveness. Finally, the evaluation results are analyzed and the strategies suitable for the development of Laizhou Port are put forward. At the same time, this paper also attempts to evaluate the competitiveness of Laizhou Port and find its development ideas through a typical study of Laizhou Port. It can also provide a reference for exploring the evaluation methods and development strategies for the competitiveness of small and medium-sized ports.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：F552.7
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