【摘要】：1906年日本設(shè)立南滿(mǎn)洲鐵道株式會(huì)社(簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)“滿(mǎn)鐵”)來(lái)經(jīng)營(yíng)“滿(mǎn)洲”,滿(mǎn)鐵表面上是一個(gè)股份有限公司,但實(shí)質(zhì)它是受日本政府支配的殖民機(jī)構(gòu),即“國(guó)策會(huì)社”。在整個(gè)日本侵華的過(guò)程中,滿(mǎn)鐵扮演了十分重要的角色。無(wú)論從軍用物資還是鐵路運(yùn)輸,它都全力支持和配合。除此之外,滿(mǎn)鐵為日本帝國(guó)主義侵華戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)還提供了情報(bào)上的支持。 后藤新平根據(jù)多年的臺(tái)灣殖民統(tǒng)治經(jīng)驗(yàn)和“文治的武備論”思想在滿(mǎn)鐵設(shè)立之初就在大連本部設(shè)立了調(diào)查部。調(diào)查機(jī)構(gòu)存在了近四十年,其演變主要分為穩(wěn)步發(fā)展階段,即1907年-1931年。這一階段的調(diào)查機(jī)構(gòu)受到日本政府和軍部的影響較小,能夠作出科學(xué)的基礎(chǔ)調(diào)查,這一階段完成了很多調(diào)查報(bào)告,為日本侵略中國(guó)提供了科學(xué)有效的依據(jù)。第二階段是擴(kuò)大發(fā)展階段,即1931年-1941年。這一階段調(diào)查機(jī)構(gòu)的主要活動(dòng)是為日本侵略戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)而服務(wù)。此時(shí)的調(diào)查機(jī)構(gòu)不僅為軍部提供必要的情報(bào)、信息,還為其出謀劃策。最后一個(gè)階段可以看成是余輝落沒(méi)階段。這時(shí)期的調(diào)查機(jī)構(gòu)經(jīng)歷二次逮捕事件,已經(jīng)元?dú)獯髠?沒(méi)等到日本戰(zhàn)敗,就已經(jīng)失去其存在的價(jià)值。 調(diào)查機(jī)構(gòu)在滿(mǎn)鐵內(nèi)部占有及其重要的地位,情報(bào)調(diào)查事業(yè)和南滿(mǎn)鐵路及撫順煤礦一起,被稱(chēng)為滿(mǎn)鐵的“三大支柱”。滿(mǎn)鐵的調(diào)查機(jī)構(gòu)很龐大,其中包括1908年設(shè)立的東亞經(jīng)濟(jì)調(diào)查局、歷史地理調(diào)查部、中央試驗(yàn)所和地質(zhì)調(diào)查所等等。雖然他們的名稱(chēng)和活動(dòng)內(nèi)容不同,但是作為滿(mǎn)鐵的調(diào)查機(jī)構(gòu),目的都是為了日本政府服務(wù),為日本利益服務(wù)。 本文主要是論述1907-1945年這段時(shí)間內(nèi)滿(mǎn)鐵設(shè)在大連的調(diào)查機(jī)構(gòu)組織體系、指導(dǎo)方針和調(diào)查內(nèi)容隨著時(shí)局的變化而發(fā)生改變,通過(guò)系統(tǒng)的整理、分析,探討不同時(shí)期調(diào)查機(jī)構(gòu)的組織機(jī)構(gòu)、調(diào)查方針及主要任務(wù)。通過(guò)對(duì)這一問(wèn)題的研究,能更加全面客觀(guān)的評(píng)價(jià)滿(mǎn)鐵調(diào)查機(jī)構(gòu)作用,更加清晰的認(rèn)清滿(mǎn)鐵本質(zhì)到底是“開(kāi)發(fā)滿(mǎn)洲”還是“侵略滿(mǎn)洲”,同時(shí),研究滿(mǎn)鐵調(diào)查機(jī)構(gòu)能更好地了解日本侵略中國(guó)的過(guò)程,揭示日本侵華的實(shí)質(zhì)。
[Abstract]:In 1906, Japan set up South Manchuria Railway Corporation ("Manchuria") to operate "Manchuria". Manchurian Iron on the surface was a limited company, but in essence it was a colonial organization controlled by the Japanese government, that is, "National Policy Association". In the whole process of Japanese invasion of China, Manchu Iron played a very important role. Whether from military materials or rail transport, it is fully supported and cooperate. In addition, Manchuria also provided intelligence support for the Japanese imperialist invasion of China. According to his experience of colonial rule in Taiwan for many years and the thought of "Wen Zhi's theory of armed preparation", Goto Xinping set up an investigation department in Dalian at the beginning of the establishment of Manchuria Railway. The investigation organization has existed for nearly 40 years, its evolution is divided into steady development stage, namely 1907-1931. The investigation organization in this stage was less influenced by the Japanese government and military department, and was able to make scientific basic investigation. In this stage, many investigation reports were completed, which provided a scientific and effective basis for Japan's invasion of China. The second stage is the expansion of the development stage, that is, 1931-1941. The main activity of the investigative body at this stage was to serve the Japanese war of aggression. The investigative agency not only provided the necessary information and information for the military, but also advised it. The last stage can be regarded as the afterglow stage. During this period, the investigation agency experienced two arrests, and was so wounded that it lost its existence value before Japan was defeated. The investigation organization occupies an extremely important position in the Manchurian iron industry. Together with the South Manchu Railway and Fushun Coal Mine, the intelligence investigation is called the "three pillars" of Man Iron. Mantie's investigative agencies are large, including the East Asian Economic Survey, the Department of Historical and Geographic Survey, the Central Laboratory and the Geological Survey, established in 1908. Although their names and activities are different, they serve the interests of the Japanese government as well as the Japanese government. This paper mainly discusses the organizational system of the investigation organization in Dalian between 1907-1945, the guidelines and the contents of the investigation changed with the change of the current situation. Discuss the organization, investigation policy and main task of investigation organization in different period. By studying this issue, we can more comprehensively and objectively evaluate the role of Manchurian iron investigation agencies, and more clearly understand whether the essence of Manchuria is "developing Manchuria" or "invading Manchuria". At the same time, The research on Manchurian Railway investigation organization can better understand the process of Japanese invasion of China and reveal the essence of Japanese invasion of China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：延邊大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：K25;F533.13

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