【摘要】：隨著國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展，城市化水平的不斷深入和人民收入水平的不斷提高，城市居民出行的機(jī)動(dòng)化不斷提高，由城市機(jī)動(dòng)化所引發(fā)的土地資源與能源緊張、交通擁擠、交通事故、環(huán)境污染等問(wèn)題日益受到關(guān)注。 隨著私家車(chē)的保有量的不斷增長(zhǎng)，城市居民私家車(chē)出行越來(lái)越多，而上下班高峰期，私家車(chē)成為擁堵的主要原因。同時(shí)私家車(chē)實(shí)載率較低、在一定程度上造成汽車(chē)廢氣排放量增加、交通堵塞等一系列的問(wèn)題，困擾著城市交通行業(yè)的健康發(fā)展，因此提高私家車(chē)的實(shí)載率成為緩解交通壓力的有效途徑。私家車(chē)共乘是在城市道路交通運(yùn)能緊張的情況下產(chǎn)生的一種新的交通方式。本文通過(guò)“共乘”的發(fā)展為根源，，結(jié)合我國(guó)私家車(chē)發(fā)展的現(xiàn)狀，將私家車(chē)共乘的可行性作為研究對(duì)象，具有顯著的實(shí)踐研究意義和創(chuàng)造性，同時(shí)為目前較混亂的私家車(chē)共乘，提供一個(gè)很好的規(guī)范化、完整化的發(fā)展方向和模式，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)提高交通運(yùn)輸效率，節(jié)約乘客出行時(shí)間成本，減少能源消耗。本文首先分析了城市交通擁堵的屬性、原因擁堵的規(guī)律，并作出了交通擁堵的經(jīng)濟(jì)分析，為私家車(chē)共乘的實(shí)施提供了前提條件；并根據(jù)目前我國(guó)城市交通的特點(diǎn)和客運(yùn)需求程度，剖析了私家車(chē)在我國(guó)發(fā)展的可操作性、適應(yīng)性、經(jīng)濟(jì)可行性和社會(huì)可行性。再者考慮到私家車(chē)共乘的規(guī)范化和制度化，本文提出了私家車(chē)共乘的模式和邊界，以及共乘車(chē)輛的準(zhǔn)入與退出和相關(guān)的質(zhì)量服務(wù)管理。最后，結(jié)合目前我國(guó)私家車(chē)共乘的現(xiàn)狀，從政策層面提出了相關(guān)的建議。 本文通過(guò)對(duì)私家車(chē)共乘可行性研究的研究，認(rèn)為私家車(chē)共乘在城市交通發(fā)展實(shí)踐中將具有巨大的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義�？茖W(xué)合理的發(fā)展私家車(chē)共乘服務(wù)能夠充分利用現(xiàn)有的資源，有效的提高其運(yùn)營(yíng)效率，在一定程度上緩解城市交通壓力;對(duì)于搭乘者來(lái)講，既能夠滿足便捷、舒適的乘車(chē)要求，又能夠節(jié)約出行成本，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)雙贏的效果。伴隨著這種拼車(chē)出行方式的普及，可以大大減少能源消耗，改善城市大氣污染，具有積極的社會(huì)效益和經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of the national economy, the deepening of urbanization and the continuous improvement of people's income, the motorization of urban residents' travel has been continuously improved, the land resources and energy resources caused by urban motorization are tight, and the traffic is congested. Traffic accidents and environmental pollution are getting more and more attention. With the increasing number of private cars, private cars travel more and more, and during the rush hour, private cars become the main cause of congestion. At the same time, private cars have a low real load rate, which to some extent leads to a series of problems, such as an increase in vehicle emissions, traffic jams, and so on, which are bothering the healthy development of the urban transportation industry. Therefore, increasing the real-load rate of private cars is an effective way to relieve traffic pressure. Private car co-riding is a new traffic mode under the condition of urban road traffic capacity is tight. Through the development of "co-riding" as the root, combined with the current situation of private car development in China, the feasibility of private car co-ride as the research object, which has significant practical significance and creativity, at the same time for the chaotic private car co-ride. It provides a good development direction and mode of standardization and integrity, which can improve transportation efficiency, save passenger travel time cost and reduce energy consumption. Firstly, this paper analyzes the attributes of urban traffic congestion and the rules of traffic congestion, and makes the economic analysis of traffic congestion, which provides a prerequisite for the implementation of private car co-riding. According to the characteristics of urban traffic and the degree of passenger transport demand, the paper analyzes the maneuverability, adaptability, economic feasibility and social feasibility of private car development in China. Furthermore, considering the standardization and institutionalization of private car co-riding, this paper puts forward the model and boundary of private car co-riding, the admission and exit of co-ride vehicle and the related quality service management. Finally, according to the current situation of private car co-ride in China, the relevant suggestions are put forward from the policy level. Based on the study of the feasibility of private car co-riding, this paper thinks that private car co-riding will have great practical significance in the practice of urban traffic development. Scientific and reasonable development of private car co-ride service can make full use of existing resources, effectively improve its operational efficiency, to a certain extent alleviate the pressure of urban traffic; for passengers, can not only meet the convenient and comfortable ride requirements, Can also save travel costs, thus achieving a win-win effect. With the popularity of this carpool mode, energy consumption can be greatly reduced, urban air pollution can be improved, with positive social and economic benefits.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長(zhǎng)安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F572

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