發(fā)布時間：2018-04-16 11:30

  本文選題：民航 + 碳排放�。� 參考：《華中師范大學》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：改革開放以來,中國民航業(yè)運輸總周轉(zhuǎn)量以年均15%以上的速度增長。但是,民航業(yè)的飛速發(fā)展也帶來了航油消耗量不斷增加。近幾年,航油消耗量以年均10%以上速度增長。隨著國際石油價格的高漲,我國民航企業(yè)航油成本激增,已占到了主營業(yè)務成本的四成左右。同時,隨著工業(yè)活動排放的二氧化碳對氣候造成的惡劣的影響,人類對氣候問題越發(fā)關注。英國于2003年首次提出低碳經(jīng)濟的概念,隨后,低碳經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展理念成為主導世界經(jīng)濟發(fā)展和政治走向的關鍵因素。低碳經(jīng)濟是以低污染,低排放,低耗能為特征的經(jīng)濟模式,強調(diào)資源的高效利用并積極尋找可替代綠色能源。在這種時代背景下,航空業(yè)因其增長速度過快,國際性強,其溫室氣體的排放問題受到公眾的普遍關注。隨著歐盟將航空業(yè)納入其排放交易體系,全球航空業(yè)均在積極尋找低碳發(fā)展策略,以應對此措施給各國航空業(yè)帶來的巨大成本壓力。這樣,航空業(yè)的低碳發(fā)展已成為一種國際性的大趨勢,在低碳經(jīng)濟時代,誰能在低碳發(fā)展上搶得先機,便會在未來的發(fā)展中取得核心競爭力。在哥本哈根會議上中國政府第一次對全世界公開承諾量化減排指標,決定到2020年單位國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值溫室氣體排放比2005年下降40%—45%。在這種背景下,中國民航業(yè)為了應對歐盟排放交易體系給其帶來的巨大沖擊,貫徹國家低碳發(fā)展的戰(zhàn)略目標,必須積極探索適合中國國情的低碳發(fā)展策略,積極履行企業(yè)社會責任,采取切實可行的節(jié)能減排措施,打造中國的綠色民航業(yè)。 但是,國內(nèi)對中國民航業(yè)低碳發(fā)展缺乏系統(tǒng)的研究,大多停留在對歐盟航空排放交易體系的解讀之上,缺乏全面的應對建議和措施。本文在此背景下,從我國目前航空業(yè)低碳發(fā)展的現(xiàn)狀出發(fā),對民航業(yè)低碳發(fā)展的可行性和必要性進行分析,找出制約我國民航業(yè)低碳發(fā)展運營的技術性因素和體制性因素,并提出了相應的對策。本文同時對國際氣候政策制度的演變和發(fā)展進行了梳理,描述了當前國際氣候政策變化對航空業(yè)的影響,以民航業(yè)發(fā)展的歷程和現(xiàn)狀為背景,從航空公司,空管和機場三方面對中國民航業(yè)的低碳發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀及面臨的困難做出詳細說明,提出了政策建議。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, the total turnover of China's civil aviation industry has increased at an average annual rate of more than 15%.However, the rapid development of the civil aviation industry has also brought about an increase in aviation oil consumption.In recent years, aviation oil consumption at an average annual rate of more than 10% growth.With the international oil price rising, the aviation oil cost of civil aviation enterprises in China has increased sharply, accounting for about 40% of the main business costs.At the same time, with the adverse effects of carbon dioxide emissions from industrial activities on the climate, people pay more and more attention to climate problems.Britain first put forward the concept of low-carbon economy in 2003. Subsequently, the concept of low-carbon economy has become the key factor leading the development and political trend of the world economy.Low-carbon economy is an economic model characterized by low pollution, low emission and low energy consumption. It emphasizes the efficient use of resources and actively seeks alternative green energy.Against this background, the aviation industry has attracted widespread public concern because of its rapid growth and strong international growth.With the European Union including the airline industry in its emissions trading system, the global aviation industry is actively looking for a low-carbon development strategy to deal with the huge cost pressure on the national aviation industry.In this way, the development of low-carbon aviation industry has become an international trend, in the era of low-carbon economy, who can catch the first chance in low-carbon development, will achieve core competitiveness in the future development.At the Copenhagen conference, the Chinese government made its first public pledge to the world to quantify emissions, and decided to reduce greenhouse gas emissions per unit of gross domestic product by 40 to 45 percent by 2020 compared with 2005.Against this background, China's civil aviation industry must actively explore low-carbon development strategies suitable for China's national conditions in order to cope with the huge impact of the European Union's emissions trading system and implement the strategic goal of national low-carbon development.Actively fulfill corporate social responsibility, take practical measures to save energy and reduce emissions, to create China's green civil aviation industry.However, there is a lack of systematic research on the low-carbon development of China's civil aviation industry, most of which are based on the interpretation of the European Union's aviation emissions trading system and lack of comprehensive suggestions and measures.Under this background, this paper analyzes the feasibility and necessity of low-carbon development of civil aviation industry, and finds out the technical and institutional factors that restrict the development and operation of low-carbon aviation industry in China.The corresponding countermeasures are put forward.At the same time, this paper combs the evolution and development of the international climate policy system, describes the impact of the current international climate policy changes on the aviation industry, with the development of the civil aviation industry as the background, from the airlines,The status quo and difficulties of low-carbon development of China's civil aviation industry are described in detail in the aspects of air traffic control and airport, and some policy suggestions are put forward.
【學位授予單位】：華中師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：F205;F562.1

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本文編號：1758719