本文選題：應(yīng)急疏散 + 地鐵安全　； 參考：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：地鐵具有速度最快、時(shí)間最短、運(yùn)輸便捷、服務(wù)可靠、承載客流量大、服務(wù)舒適等特點(diǎn)。哈爾濱一期工程投入使用，中心城區(qū)的交通壓力將有所緩解，公交的擁擠度也會(huì)減輕。雖然地鐵的優(yōu)點(diǎn)眾多，但地鐵營(yíng)運(yùn)期間也可能會(huì)存在著某些風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。在宏觀層面上，我們國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展?fàn)顟B(tài)帶來的是危機(jī)爆發(fā)期。在微觀層面上，地鐵空間狹小，人群密集，在發(fā)生事故的情況下，容易造成群死群傷。地鐵在運(yùn)營(yíng)期間可能發(fā)生的災(zāi)害主要為自然災(zāi)害中的火災(zāi)。根據(jù)地鐵交通安全的國(guó)際形勢(shì)以及國(guó)內(nèi)的運(yùn)營(yíng)情況現(xiàn)狀，我國(guó)地鐵交通運(yùn)營(yíng)需要得到重視。 本文針對(duì)地鐵的應(yīng)急疏散問題，分析地鐵車站這一特定環(huán)境下人群的心理特征、分析個(gè)體的行為規(guī)則、歸納個(gè)體的決策類型，根據(jù)實(shí)際的哈爾濱地鐵車站情況，基于中國(guó)文化情境以主體建模方式構(gòu)建人群疏散模型，通過計(jì)算機(jī)仿真，模擬哈爾濱地鐵應(yīng)急人群疏散情況，通過對(duì)模擬情況的分析，對(duì)地鐵車站的應(yīng)急性能進(jìn)行評(píng)估，計(jì)算出人群疏散所需要的時(shí)間，觀察疏散的過程以及過程中個(gè)體的分布情形，找出影響疏散的因素以及疏散的瓶頸，找出針對(duì)哈爾濱地鐵車站應(yīng)急疏散過程中應(yīng)注意的方式方法，為實(shí)際的工作提供指導(dǎo)。 在理論層面，本文構(gòu)建的模型，豐富了人群密集場(chǎng)所的應(yīng)急疏散理論。在現(xiàn)實(shí)意義層面，本文的仿真結(jié)論為地鐵車站的應(yīng)急管理提供了一定的現(xiàn)實(shí)依據(jù)，提高了哈爾濱地鐵運(yùn)營(yíng)部門的應(yīng)急處理能力，，提高了疏散的安全性，為其他類似的人群密集場(chǎng)所的危機(jī)處理提供了借鑒范本。具有較強(qiáng)的應(yīng)用價(jià)值和實(shí)踐意義。
[Abstract]:Subway has the characteristics of fastest speed, shortest time, convenient transportation, reliable service, large carrying capacity, comfortable service and so on.The first stage of Harbin project will relieve the traffic pressure and reduce the congestion of public transportation.Despite its many advantages, there may be some risks during the operation of the subway.At the macro level, the state of our country's economic development is brought about by the outbreak of the crisis.On the micro level, the subway space is small, the crowd is dense, in the case of accident, it is easy to cause mass death and injury.The main disasters that may occur during the operation of the subway are fire in natural disasters.According to the international situation of subway traffic safety and the present situation of domestic operation, the subway traffic operation in our country needs to be paid attention to.In view of the emergency evacuation of subway, this paper analyzes the psychological characteristics of people in this particular environment of subway station, analyzes the individual behavior rules, induces individual decision-making types, and according to the actual situation of Harbin subway station,Based on the Chinese cultural situation, a crowd evacuation model is built in the form of subject modeling. Through computer simulation, the emergency evacuation of subway in Harbin is simulated, and the emergency performance of subway station is evaluated by analyzing the simulation.Calculate the time needed for evacuation, observe the process of evacuation and the distribution of individuals in the process, find out the factors affecting evacuation and the bottleneck of evacuation.To find out the ways and methods that should be paid attention to in the course of emergency evacuation of Harbin subway station, and to provide guidance for practical work.At the theoretical level, the model has enriched the theory of emergency evacuation in crowded places.At the level of realistic significance, the simulation results of this paper provide some realistic basis for the emergency management of subway station, improve the emergency handling ability of Harbin subway operation department, and improve the safety of evacuation.It provides a model for other similar crowd-intensive places to deal with the crisis.It has strong application value and practical significance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：D63;F572;F224


本文編號(hào)：1737264