【摘要】：溫室氣體排放對人類社會造成的不利影響已經(jīng)是不爭的事實(shí)。通過實(shí)施“總量控制和配額交易”的碳排放權(quán)交易可以經(jīng)濟(jì)有效的推動溫室氣體減排。成功的碳交易體系離不開科學(xué)合理的碳排放配額分配。 炭黑是重要的化工原料。炭黑生產(chǎn)的工藝過程同時伴隨著二氧化碳排放。我國是世界第一大炭黑生產(chǎn)國，全行業(yè)二氧化碳排放總量超過千萬噸，炭黑行業(yè)的碳減排應(yīng)引起重視。目前已經(jīng)有數(shù)家炭黑企業(yè)被納入2013年開始的區(qū)域性碳排放權(quán)交易試點(diǎn)。隨著碳交易向全國推廣，大部分炭黑企業(yè)將被納入碳交易體系。目前國內(nèi)還沒有統(tǒng)一的針對炭黑行業(yè)的碳排放配額分配方法。與目前國內(nèi)采用較多的“祖父制”方法相比，基于行業(yè)或產(chǎn)品的“基準(zhǔn)線”配額分配方法更加公平。參考當(dāng)前歐盟碳交易體系在炭黑行業(yè)采用的配額分配方法，建議我國炭黑行業(yè)也應(yīng)采用“基準(zhǔn)線”的配額分配方法。 目前我國缺少炭黑行業(yè)碳排放強(qiáng)度的統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)。針對炭黑行業(yè)的碳排放特征，本文根據(jù)炭黑產(chǎn)品的能耗強(qiáng)度與碳排放強(qiáng)度的關(guān)系，以現(xiàn)行的《炭黑單位產(chǎn)品能源消耗限額》標(biāo)準(zhǔn)為基礎(chǔ)，計算得出了不同能耗水平下炭黑產(chǎn)品的碳排放強(qiáng)度指標(biāo)：分別為準(zhǔn)入水平2.768噸-CO2/噸和先進(jìn)水平2.062噸-CO2/噸，建議以此作為炭黑行業(yè)碳排放配額分配的基準(zhǔn)線。經(jīng)與上海某炭黑生產(chǎn)企業(yè)的實(shí)際碳排放情況對比，證實(shí)炭黑生產(chǎn)企業(yè)能耗水平與碳排放強(qiáng)度具有相關(guān)性，，計算得到的碳排放強(qiáng)度指標(biāo)可以作為炭黑行業(yè)碳排放配額分配“基準(zhǔn)線”的參考。
[Abstract]:It is an indisputable fact that the adverse effects of greenhouse gas emissions on human society. Carbon trading through cap-and-quota trading can drive greenhouse gas emissions reductions economically and effectively. A successful carbon trading system can not be separated from scientific and reasonable carbon emission quota allocation. Carbon black is an important chemical raw material. Carbon black production is accompanied by carbon dioxide emissions. China is the largest producer of carbon black in the world, and the total carbon dioxide emission of the whole industry is more than ten million tons, so carbon emission reduction in carbon black industry should be paid more attention to. Several carbon black companies have been included in the regional carbon trading pilot, which began in 2013. Most carbon black companies will be included in the carbon trading system as carbon trading moves to the country. At present, there is no unified carbon emission quota allocation method for carbon black industry. Compared with the traditional "grandfather system", the quota allocation method based on industry or product is fairer. Referring to the quota allocation method used in carbon black industry in the current European Union carbon trading system, it is suggested that the quota allocation method of "base-line" should also be adopted in China's carbon black industry. At present, our country lacks the statistical data of carbon emission intensity in carbon black industry. According to the characteristics of carbon emission in carbon black industry, according to the relationship between energy consumption intensity and carbon emission intensity of carbon black products, this paper bases on the current energy consumption limit per unit product of carbon black. The carbon emission intensity indexes of carbon black products under different energy consumption levels are calculated: the admission level is 2.768 tons-CO2/ tons and the advanced level is 2.062 tons-CO2/ tons respectively. It is suggested that the carbon emission quota allocation of carbon black industry should be used as the baseline. By comparing with the actual carbon emission of a carbon black production enterprise in Shanghai, it is proved that the energy consumption level of carbon black production enterprise is correlated with the carbon emission intensity. The calculated carbon emission intensity index can be used as a reference for carbon emission quota allocation in carbon black industry.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F426.72;X196

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