【摘要】： 勞森的批判實(shí)在論用隱藏在現(xiàn)象背后的結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)解釋經(jīng)濟(jì)現(xiàn)象，從而為經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)方法論提供一個(gè)本體論基礎(chǔ)。本文主要闡述批判實(shí)在論在經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)中的運(yùn)用，在闡述的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行評(píng)析，，認(rèn)為勞森的理論確實(shí)使經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)建立在一個(gè)更為堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)上，豐富和完善了經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)方法論。但勞森在承認(rèn)經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)易變的同時(shí)，仍然相信不同的結(jié)構(gòu)可以有統(tǒng)一的理論，不承認(rèn)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)可能有不同的方法論綱領(lǐng)，這就使得批判實(shí)在論缺乏經(jīng)驗(yàn)內(nèi)容。 本文首先闡述了勞森對(duì)演繹主義及其經(jīng)驗(yàn)實(shí)在論前提進(jìn)行的批判，并在此基礎(chǔ)上，提出了以先驗(yàn)實(shí)在論為本體論基礎(chǔ)的科學(xué)解釋觀，即批判實(shí)在論。該理論認(rèn)為科學(xué)的主要目標(biāo)不是關(guān)注事件的恒常聯(lián)系，而是關(guān)注隱藏在現(xiàn)象背后的結(jié)構(gòu)、機(jī)制、力量和趨勢(shì)。 然后，本文詳細(xì)闡述了甚于批判實(shí)在論的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)方法論主要內(nèi)容，勞森試圖用批判實(shí)在論理論建立一個(gè)統(tǒng)一的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)方法論�；居^點(diǎn)有：(1)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的主要目標(biāo)是解釋而不是預(yù)測(cè)；(2)經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)是環(huán)境相關(guān)的和易變的；(3)用經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)解釋經(jīng)濟(jì)現(xiàn)象；(4)經(jīng)濟(jì)政策的目標(biāo)是用想要的結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)代替不想要的結(jié)構(gòu)，以實(shí)現(xiàn)人類(lèi)解放；(5)經(jīng)濟(jì)事件的聯(lián)系是半規(guī)則性的。 最后，本文結(jié)合兩個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)實(shí)例對(duì)勞森的批判實(shí)在論進(jìn)行評(píng)析。認(rèn)為勞森用環(huán)境相關(guān)和易變的結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)解釋經(jīng)濟(jì)現(xiàn)象具有合理性，彌補(bǔ)了演繹主義的一些不足。但勞森否認(rèn)經(jīng)濟(jì)預(yù)測(cè)，卻沒(méi)有給出成功解釋的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，同時(shí)他試圖把批判實(shí)在論作為一個(gè)統(tǒng)一的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)方法論，這同主流經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家追求普遍的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)理論所犯的錯(cuò)誤一樣。
[Abstract]:Lawson's critical realism interprets economic phenomena with the structure hidden behind them, thus providing an ontological basis for the methodology of economics. This paper mainly expounds the application of critical realism in economics, and comments on it on the basis of expatiation, and concludes that Lawson's theory does make economics on a more solid basis and enriches and perfects the methodology of economics. But while admitting that economic structure is changeable, Lawson still believes that different structures can have a unified theory, and that economics may have different methodological programs, which makes critical realism lack of experience. This paper first expounds Lawson's criticism of deductivism and its premise of empirical realism, and on this basis, puts forward a view of scientific interpretation based on transcendental realism, that is, critical realism. The theory holds that the main goal of science is not to pay attention to the constant connection of events, but to pay attention to the structure, mechanism, strength and trend hidden behind the phenomenon. Then, this paper elaborates the main contents of economics methodology, which is even more important than critical realism. Lawson tries to establish a unified economic methodology with the theory of critical realism. The basic viewpoints are as follows: (1) the main objective of economics is to explain rather than predict; (2) the economic structure is environment-related and changeable; (3) the economic structure is used to explain economic phenomena; (4) the objective of economic policy is to replace unwanted structure with desired structure in order to realize human liberation; (5) the relation of economic events is semi-regular. Finally, this paper analyzes Lawson's critical realism with two economic examples. It is considered that Lawson is reasonable to explain economic phenomena with environment-related and variable structures, which makes up for some shortcomings of deductivism. But Lawson denies economic prediction, but fails to give the criterion of successful explanation. Meanwhile, he tries to regard critical realism as a unified economic methodology, which is the same mistake that mainstream economists make in pursuing universal economic theory.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2003
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F091.3

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條

1 桂起權(quán);當(dāng)代西方經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)方法論之走向[J];經(jīng)濟(jì)評(píng)論;2002年02期

2 孫慕天;新的邊疆,從經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)哲學(xué)到科學(xué)哲學(xué)[J];自然辯證法研究;1998年02期

本文編號(hào)：2201667