開(kāi)放體系經(jīng)濟(jì)穩(wěn)定增長(zhǎng)條件的實(shí)證分析
本文選題:開(kāi)放經(jīng)濟(jì)體系 + 經(jīng)常項(xiàng)目; 參考:《上海海運(yùn)學(xué)院》2002年碩士論文
【摘要】: 政策配合理論可以說(shuō)是目前最有說(shuō)服力的國(guó)際收支理論及宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)調(diào)節(jié)理論,但和其他任何理論一樣,該理論也不可能是完美無(wú)缺的。政策配合理論僅僅是在它的假設(shè)前提和理論框架之內(nèi)提出解決國(guó)際收支失衡的政策途徑,而沒(méi)有能夠解決國(guó)際收支失衡或?qū)崿F(xiàn)平衡的具體條件,也沒(méi)有能確定政策相互配合的具體力度。潘國(guó)陵老師在《國(guó)際金融理論與數(shù)量分析方法》一書中,提出了一種新的解決國(guó)際收支和國(guó)際債務(wù)失衡的數(shù)量分析方法,文章運(yùn)用經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)和數(shù)學(xué)方法推導(dǎo)出國(guó)外凈資產(chǎn)和經(jīng)常項(xiàng)目收支動(dòng)態(tài)方程,初步揭示了國(guó)外凈資產(chǎn)和經(jīng)常項(xiàng)目收支與其他經(jīng)濟(jì)變量之間的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系。這些經(jīng)濟(jì)變量包括:國(guó)內(nèi)總產(chǎn)出增長(zhǎng)率g、國(guó)民儲(chǔ)蓄率s、國(guó)內(nèi)資本產(chǎn)出率σ、國(guó)外凈資產(chǎn)產(chǎn)出率ρ、匯率R、初始時(shí)經(jīng)常項(xiàng)目收支差額與產(chǎn)出比b、初始時(shí)國(guó)外凈資產(chǎn)與產(chǎn)出比f(wàn)及政府財(cái)政赤字與產(chǎn)出比h等。得出了保持經(jīng)常項(xiàng)目收支平衡和國(guó)外凈資產(chǎn)平衡的臨界條件,以及實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)常項(xiàng)目收支逆轉(zhuǎn)和國(guó)外凈資產(chǎn)逆轉(zhuǎn)(順差——逆差,或逆差——順差)的經(jīng)濟(jì)穩(wěn)定增長(zhǎng)條件。 本文是一篇實(shí)證研究型文章。文章首先比較分析了這一新的國(guó)際收支理論的特點(diǎn),以及與政策配合理論的主要區(qū)別;然后提出有關(guān)實(shí)證研究的方法,并對(duì)美國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況進(jìn)行了具體驗(yàn)證。 在過(guò)去40多年中,美國(guó)的宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行比較典型,60年代初至70年代末美國(guó)一直是資本輸出國(guó)(國(guó)外凈資產(chǎn)大于零),并且保持經(jīng)常項(xiàng)目順差,到了80年代以后逐步變成了資本輸入國(guó)(國(guó)外凈資產(chǎn)小于零),經(jīng)常項(xiàng)目也發(fā)生了逆轉(zhuǎn),從而將美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)劃分為兩個(gè)階段。文章計(jì)算每一階段的有關(guān)參數(shù),分別驗(yàn)證兩階段國(guó)外凈資產(chǎn)和經(jīng)常項(xiàng)目逆轉(zhuǎn)的經(jīng)濟(jì)穩(wěn)定增長(zhǎng)條件是否與文的結(jié)論相符。根據(jù)驗(yàn)證的結(jié)果,分析了這一新的國(guó)際收支理論的適用性問(wèn)題。文章還對(duì)文的結(jié)論進(jìn)行分析,得出在不同初始條件下,實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)常項(xiàng)目收支逆轉(zhuǎn)或國(guó)外凈資產(chǎn)逆轉(zhuǎn)的政策選擇。通過(guò)對(duì)二戰(zhàn)后美國(guó)兩階段參數(shù)的比較,分析了各參數(shù)的變化趨勢(shì),驗(yàn)證各參數(shù)的變化與實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)常項(xiàng)目收支逆轉(zhuǎn)或國(guó)外凈資產(chǎn)逆轉(zhuǎn)的政策選擇是否一致。最后,本文還根據(jù)美國(guó)現(xiàn)階段經(jīng)常項(xiàng)目或國(guó)外凈資產(chǎn)的特點(diǎn),,討論美國(guó)今后一階段實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)常項(xiàng)目收支逆轉(zhuǎn)或國(guó)外凈資產(chǎn)逆轉(zhuǎn)的經(jīng)濟(jì)穩(wěn)定增長(zhǎng)條件,并分析發(fā)生逆轉(zhuǎn)的可能性。 通過(guò)本文的實(shí)證研究,大大增強(qiáng)了該新的國(guó)際收支理論的說(shuō)服力和實(shí)用性,同時(shí),也發(fā)現(xiàn)其缺點(diǎn)和不足之處,這將激勵(lì)我們?nèi)プ龈M(jìn)一步的研究。
[Abstract]:The theory of policy cooperation can be said to be the most convincing theory of balance of payments and macroeconomic adjustment, but like any other theory, this theory can not be perfect. The theory of policy cooperation is only within its hypothetical premise and theoretical framework to put forward the policy approach to solve the balance of payments imbalance, but there are no specific conditions to solve the balance of payments imbalance or achieve balance of payments. Nor has it been possible to determine the specific strength of policy coordination. In his book International Finance Theory and quantitative Analysis methods, teacher Pan Guoling proposed a new quantitative analysis method for solving the balance of payments and international debt imbalances. In this paper, the dynamic equations of foreign net assets and current account income and expenditure are derived by using economic and mathematical methods, and the internal relations between foreign net assets and current account income and expenditure and other economic variables are preliminarily revealed. These economic variables include: gross domestic output growth rate g, national savings rate s, domestic capital output ratio 蟽, foreign net asset output ratio 蟻, exchange rate R, initial current account balance and output ratio b, initial foreign net assets and output Output ratio f and government budget deficit to output ratio h and so on. The critical conditions for maintaining current account balance and foreign net asset balance are obtained, as well as the stable economic growth conditions for realizing current account revenue and expenditure reversal and foreign net asset reversal (surplus-deficit or deficit-surplus). This article is an empirical research article. This paper first compares and analyzes the characteristics of this new balance of payments theory and the main differences between it and the policy coordination theory, then puts forward some empirical research methods, and verifies the economic situation of the United States. For more than 40 years, the United States has been a capital exporter from the early 1960s to the late 1970s (with net foreign assets greater than zero and running a current-account surplus). By the 1980s, it had gradually become an importer of capital (net foreign assets were less than zero and the current account had been reversed, dividing the American economy into two stages. This paper calculates the relevant parameters of each stage and verifies whether the conditions for stable economic growth in the two-stage foreign net assets and current account reversals are in accordance with the conclusions of the paper. According to the results of verification, the applicability of this new balance of payments theory is analyzed. The paper also analyzes the conclusions of the paper and draws the policy choice of realizing the reversal of current account income and expenditure or foreign net assets under different initial conditions. By comparing the two stage parameters of the United States after World War II, this paper analyzes the changing trend of each parameter, and verifies whether the change of each parameter is consistent with the policy choice of realizing the reversal of current account income and expenditure or the reversal of foreign net assets. Finally, according to the characteristics of current account or foreign net assets in the United States at present, this paper discusses the conditions of stable economic growth for the realization of current-account or foreign net asset reversals in the future in the United States, and analyzes the possibility of such a reversal. The empirical research in this paper greatly enhances the persuasiveness and practicability of the new balance of payments theory, and at the same time, finds its shortcomings and shortcomings, which will encourage us to do further research.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:上海海運(yùn)學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2002
【分類號(hào)】:F015
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