本文選題：保障 + 保障利益��； 參考：《復(fù)旦大學(xué)》2003年博士論文

【摘要】： 關(guān)于個(gè)人保障、社會(huì)保障問(wèn)題已有若干科研成果問(wèn)世，，筆者嘗試將個(gè)人保障、企業(yè)保障、社會(huì)保障統(tǒng)一在“廣義的保障”框架內(nèi)研究，并從經(jīng)濟(jì)利益的角度重新審視保障問(wèn)題。通過(guò)梳理前人的相關(guān)理論思想，筆者提出保障利益的概念，并探討了保障利益的來(lái)源，將保障利益的實(shí)質(zhì)歸結(jié)為“補(bǔ)償”。世界上存在著各式各樣的保障利益制度，通過(guò)比較研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，不管采取什么樣的保障利益模式，各國(guó)都向個(gè)人保障、企業(yè)保障、社會(huì)保障“三架馬車(chē)”的利益模式努力，并且在這個(gè)過(guò)程中，個(gè)人保障利益和企業(yè)保障利益日趨重要，社會(huì)保障利益由于“福利國(guó)家”的危機(jī)和本身的局限性而逐步收縮戰(zhàn)線，但其作為利益調(diào)解人的作用無(wú)可替代。從保障利益論的角度考察我國(guó)的保障實(shí)踐，發(fā)現(xiàn)問(wèn)題并指出改革的取向。 本文共分上中下三篇：理論篇、借鑒篇、現(xiàn)實(shí)篇。 理論篇分為三章，第一章是保障利益的界定。首先界定保障利益的概念，并從多個(gè)角度對(duì)保障利益這一核心概念進(jìn)行了分類(lèi)。按保障利益的實(shí)現(xiàn)主體不同可分為：個(gè)人保障利益、企業(yè)保障利益和社會(huì)保障利益。本文主要按照這個(gè)分類(lèi)展開(kāi)主要內(nèi)容。接下來(lái)探討了保障利益與生產(chǎn)力、生產(chǎn)關(guān)系、文化的關(guān)系。保障利益在形式上看是未來(lái)利益，實(shí)質(zhì)上是一種補(bǔ)償利益。第二章是對(duì)保障利益的理論溯源及述評(píng)。馬克思主義經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)和西方經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)理論中蘊(yùn)含著豐富的保障利益的思想內(nèi)容，本章旨在對(duì)這些理論進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)地梳理。第三章探討保障利益的實(shí)現(xiàn)機(jī)制。保障利益的實(shí)現(xiàn)主體主要有個(gè)人、家庭、企業(yè)、互助機(jī)構(gòu)和政府。保障利益的個(gè)人機(jī)制偏重效率；企業(yè)機(jī)制既注重公平，又注重效率；政府機(jī)制主要保障公平性。保障利益的互助機(jī)制和家庭作為補(bǔ)充，發(fā)揮著自己獨(dú)特的功能。 借鑒篇分為四章。按照個(gè)人保障利益、企業(yè)保障利益、社會(huì)保障利益三者關(guān)系分類(lèi)，大致可分為這樣幾種類(lèi)型：個(gè)人保障和社會(huì)保障利益為主的德國(guó)模式；社會(huì)保障利益為主的英國(guó)與瑞典模式；企業(yè)保障和個(gè)人保障為主的美國(guó)模式；個(gè)人保障利益為主的新加坡和智利模式。第四至第七章分別論述了幾類(lèi)模式的特點(diǎn)及評(píng)價(jià)。保障利益制度是各國(guó)政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化等綜合因素的產(chǎn)物，國(guó)情不同，其保障利益制度也千差萬(wàn)別。即使是保障利益制度相同或類(lèi)似的國(guó)家，也各有其特點(diǎn)。保障利益模式發(fā)展的趨勢(shì)是保障利益制度仍向多支柱的復(fù)合制度方向轉(zhuǎn)變，即由政府負(fù)責(zé)的社會(huì)保障利益制度、由企業(yè)或工會(huì)負(fù)責(zé)的企業(yè)保障利益和由個(gè)人或家庭負(fù)責(zé)的個(gè)人保障利益。三個(gè)保障利益支柱中，政府承諾的基本保障利益一般都是低水平的，而二、三支柱的保障利益水平視經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)和個(gè)人收入水平而定。未來(lái)的走勢(shì)是企業(yè)保障和個(gè)人保障利益模式將發(fā)揮更大作用，社會(huì)保障利益將會(huì)重新定位和矯正。 現(xiàn)實(shí)篇分為三章，落腳點(diǎn)放在我國(guó)保障利益制度的實(shí)踐與改革上。第九章介紹我國(guó)的保障利益實(shí)踐。具體分為社會(huì)保障利益為主的階段和保障利益多元化階段。第一階段以平均化為主要特征，大致從20世紀(jì)50年代-80年代；隨著社會(huì)保障制度的改革，個(gè)人保障利益和企業(yè)保障利益都開(kāi)始發(fā)展，保障利益來(lái)源多元化，保障利益內(nèi)容多元化，保障水平迅速提高。第十章的主要內(nèi)容是探討保障利 WP=6 益發(fā)展中存在的問(wèn)題。最后一章的主要內(nèi)容是保障利益的改革取向。通過(guò)理論分析和國(guó)際比較，針對(duì)我國(guó)保障利益的現(xiàn)狀，提出改革的取向：一是政府維持現(xiàn)有的、低水平的社會(huì)保障，社會(huì)保障利益同生產(chǎn)力發(fā)展水平相適應(yīng)。二是適度發(fā)展企業(yè)保障，企業(yè)保障利益應(yīng)與社會(huì)保障利益理順關(guān)系。三是增加個(gè)人保障利益的比重，社會(huì)保障利益的低水平發(fā)展和企業(yè)保障利益的適度發(fā)展都給個(gè)人保障利益的發(fā)展留下了巨大空間，社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展也為商業(yè)保險(xiǎn)的發(fā)展創(chuàng)造了良好的條件。另外，家庭保障利益和互助保障利益可作為有益的補(bǔ)充。 本文的創(chuàng)新之處在于：1、從經(jīng)濟(jì)利益的角度研究保障問(wèn)題，提出保障利益的概念。以保障的概念統(tǒng)一社會(huì)保障、企業(yè)保障和個(gè)人保障，對(duì)三者進(jìn)行綜合研究。所謂保障利益，是基于保障而產(chǎn)生的某種效用滿足。它可具體分解為個(gè)人保障利益、企業(yè)保障利益和社會(huì)保障利益。個(gè)人保障利益指?jìng)�(gè)人或家庭通過(guò)儲(chǔ)蓄、購(gòu)買(mǎi)商業(yè)保險(xiǎn)所獲得的利益。企業(yè)保障利益是指從企業(yè)保障所獲得的效用滿足，勞動(dòng)者可憑借對(duì)自身勞動(dòng)力的所有權(quán)來(lái)分享企業(yè)生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中創(chuàng)造的剩余收益。社會(huì)保障利益是指國(guó)民收入再分配中給予社會(huì)成員某種程度的效用滿足。2、探討了保障利益的來(lái)源。個(gè)人保障利益、企業(yè)保障利益和社會(huì)保障利益是勞動(dòng)者利益的三種表現(xiàn)形式。個(gè)人保障利益是一種利益的積累；企業(yè)保障利益來(lái)源于利益的分享。社會(huì)保障利益的出現(xiàn)是為了彌補(bǔ)個(gè)人保障利益和企業(yè)保障利益的不足，是政府作為中立人發(fā)揮利益調(diào)節(jié)的作用。3、保障利益在形式上看是未來(lái)利益，實(shí)質(zhì)上是一種補(bǔ)償利益。個(gè)人保障利益是個(gè)人現(xiàn)在對(duì)未來(lái)利益的補(bǔ)償；企業(yè)保障利益是對(duì)勞動(dòng)者過(guò)去勞動(dòng)的補(bǔ)償；社會(huì)保障利益是社會(huì)對(duì)其社會(huì)成員的利益補(bǔ)償，強(qiáng)調(diào)公平。 保障利益論對(duì)于我來(lái)說(shuō)是個(gè)嶄新的課題，無(wú)論是理論上還是實(shí)踐上都有待于進(jìn)一步深化和論證。文中的錯(cuò)誤和疏漏，敬請(qǐng)批評(píng)指正。
[Abstract]:On the issue of personal security, social security problems have come out, the author tries to study personal security, enterprise security and social security in the framework of "generalized guarantee", and reexamine the security problem from the perspective of economic benefits. The source of the guarantee benefits is discussed, and the essence of the guarantee benefits is summed up as "compensation". There are various systems of security interests in the world. Through comparative study, it is found that no matter what type of safeguard interest is adopted, all countries strive for the interests pattern of personal security, enterprise security and social protection "three carriages", and in this case, In the process, the interests of personal security and enterprise security are becoming more and more important. The social security interests are gradually contracted by the crisis of the "welfare state" and their own limitations, but their role as a benefit mediator is irreplaceable. From the point of view of protecting the interests of our country, we investigate the practice of security in our country, find the problems and point out the orientation of the reform.
This article is divided into three parts: theory, reference and reality.
The first chapter is divided into three chapters. The first chapter is the definition of the guarantee of benefits. First, it defines the concept of the guarantee benefit and classifies the core concept of the guarantee benefit from various angles. The main body of the guarantee benefits can be divided into the individual security interests, the enterprise guarantee interests and the social security interests. This article is mainly based on this classification exhibition. The second chapter is the theoretical source and review of the protection interests. The second chapter is the theoretical source and review of the protection interests. The rich guarantee benefits are contained in the theory of Marx's economics and western economics. The purpose of this chapter is to systematically comb these theories. In the third chapter, the realization mechanism of safeguarding interests is discussed. The main body of realizing the benefits is the individual, family, enterprise, mutual aid organization and government. The individual mechanism of protecting interests emphasizes efficiency; the enterprise mechanism pays attention to fairness and efficiency; the government mechanism is the main guarantee for the public. The mutual benefit mechanism and family complement each other play a unique role.
The reference text is divided into four chapters. According to the interests of personal security, the interests of enterprises and the social security interests, the classification of the relationship between the three parties can be divided into several types: the German model of personal security and social security interests; the British and Sweden model of social security interests mainly; the American model of enterprise security and personal security; The characteristics and evaluation of several types of models are discussed separately in Chapter 4 to seventh. The guarantee benefit system is the product of the political, economic and cultural factors of various countries. The national conditions are different, and the system of security interests is different. Even the countries that guarantee the same or similar interests have the same or similar interests. The trend of the development of the interest model is to ensure that the benefit system is still changing to a multi pillar compound system, that is, the government is responsible for the social security interest system, the enterprise or the trade union is responsible for the interests of the enterprise and the individual or the family responsible for the personal security interests. The basic guarantee of the government's commitment is the basic guarantee of the three safeguard interests. The benefit of the two and three pillars depends on the level of economic growth and personal income. The future trend is that the model of enterprise security and personal security interests will play a greater role, and the social security interests will be repositioned and corrected.
The reality chapter is divided into three chapters. The end point is put on the practice and reform of our country's guarantee benefit system. The ninth chapter introduces the practice of our country's safeguard interests. It is divided into the stage of social security interests and the stage of safeguarding the diversification of interests. The first stage takes the average as the main feature, roughly from the 1950s -80 years; with the social security. The reform of the system, the interests of individual security and the benefits of enterprise guarantee have begun to develop, safeguard the diversity of interests, protect the diversity of interests and improve the level of security rapidly. The main content of the tenth chapter is to discuss the guarantee of profit.
WP=6
The main content of the last chapter is the reform orientation of protecting interests. Through theoretical analysis and international comparison, the orientation of reform is put forward in view of the present situation of our country's safeguard interests: first, the government maintains the existing and low level social security, and the benefit of social security is adaptable to the development level of the productive forces. Two Three is the proportion of increasing the interests of personal security, the low level development of social security interests and the moderate development of the security interests of enterprises all left huge space for the development of personal security interests, and the development of social economic development also created a good development for the development of commercial insurance. Good conditions. In addition, family security interests and mutual protection interests can be a useful supplement.
The innovation of this article lies in the following aspects: 1, from the perspective of economic interests, it studies the guarantee problem and puts forward the concept of safeguarding the interests. The concept of security is unified by the concept of social security, enterprise security and personal security, and the three party is studied synthetically. The so-called guarantee benefit is a kind of utility satisfaction based on the guarantee. It can be concretely broken down to the personal security benefit. Benefits and social security interests. Personal security interests refer to the interests acquired by individuals or families through savings and purchase of commercial insurance. Enterprise security interests refer to the utility satisfaction obtained from enterprise security, and workers can share the surplus income created in the process of production by means of ownership of their own labor. The protection interest means to give the social members a certain degree of utility to satisfy.2 in the redistribution of national income, and discuss the source of the protection interests. The personal security interests, the enterprise security interests and the social security interests are the three forms of the laborers' interests. The personal security interests are a kind of interest accumulation; the enterprise security interests are derived from the profit. The emergence of social security interests is to make up for the inadequacy of personal security interests and enterprise security interests. It is the role of the government as a neutral person to play the role of regulating the interests of the.3, to protect the interests in the form of the future interests, in essence, a compensation benefit. Personal protection benefits are the compensation for the future interests of the individual; Safeguarding interests is the compensation for workers' work in the past; social security interests are social compensation for the interests of members of society, and emphasize fairness.
It is a new subject for me to guarantee the theory of interest, both in theory and in practice. It needs to be further deepened and demonstrated.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：復(fù)旦大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2003
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F014

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 孫翠香;學(xué)校變革主體動(dòng)力研究[D];華東師范大學(xué);2010年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 崔治春;馬克思主義和諧社會(huì)視域下我國(guó)老年社會(huì)保障體系構(gòu)建[D];哈爾濱工程大學(xué);2009年

本文編號(hào)：1823143