本文關(guān)鍵詞： 按勞分配 收入分配 按生產(chǎn)要素分配 效率與公平　出處：《南京財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：白1875年馬克思在《哥達(dá)綱領(lǐng)批判》中提出按勞分配理論以來,該理論就因其對階級剝削壓迫的批判和否定,以及對收入分配公平公正的強(qiáng)調(diào)和追求,而為社會主義國家所普遍接納和采用。列寧、毛澤東、鄧小平、江澤民、胡錦濤等馬克思主義者對按勞分配理論進(jìn)行了長期、艱苦的探索與實(shí)踐。盡管經(jīng)過長期的探索與實(shí)踐,我國的按勞分配制度已經(jīng)在收入分配制度中占據(jù)了主體地位,按勞分配理論也在實(shí)踐中得到了發(fā)展和深化,但不可否認(rèn)的是,我國的按勞分配制度仍然存在著諸多問題。本文旨在通過對馬克思按勞分配理論形成與發(fā)展的系統(tǒng)回顧與梳理、以及馬克思按勞分配理論與我國目前按勞分配現(xiàn)狀的對照與分析,來說明我國目前按勞分配制度中存在的問題,從而有針對性的提出我國當(dāng)前完善按勞分配制度的實(shí)踐途徑。文中首先對馬克思按勞分配理論的形成與發(fā)展進(jìn)行了回顧與梳理。文中第二章闡述了馬克思按勞分配理論提出的時(shí)代背景及理論淵源,對按勞分配理論的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行了解讀,并歸納了按勞分配理論的歷史意義。第三章闡述了列寧領(lǐng)導(dǎo)蘇聯(lián)社會主義建設(shè)時(shí)期面臨的歷史條件、以及他對馬克思按勞分配理論的進(jìn)一步補(bǔ)充和完善,并指出,列寧的按勞分配實(shí)踐實(shí)現(xiàn)了實(shí)踐精神與人本思想的統(tǒng)一、求真務(wù)實(shí)與兼容并蓄的統(tǒng)一。第四章介紹了毛澤東對按勞分配原則的認(rèn)識與實(shí)踐,并對毛澤東的按勞分配實(shí)踐進(jìn)行了評價(jià)。第五章則對鄧小平、江澤民、胡錦濤各具特色的按勞分配實(shí)踐進(jìn)行了論述,并指出三代領(lǐng)導(dǎo)集體對按勞分配原則的實(shí)踐,極大的豐富和發(fā)展了馬克思的按勞分配理論,也使得我國的收入分配制度日益貼近于馬克思按勞分配理論。在對馬克思按勞分配理論形成與發(fā)展進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)回顧與梳理之后,文中第六章將馬克思的按勞分配理論與我國目前的按勞分配現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行了對比與分析,指出我國目前按勞分配制度存在著主體地位有所缺失、制度執(zhí)行有失規(guī)范、社會保障有待提升的問題,并提出了在社會主義初級階段,我國必須堅(jiān)持和完善按勞分配制度、正確處理按勞分配與按生產(chǎn)要素分配之間的關(guān)系、勞動(dòng)收入與國民收入之間的關(guān)系、按勞分配與社會保障之間的關(guān)系、政府行政支出與社會保障支出之間的關(guān)系。
[Abstract]:Since Marx put forward the theory of distribution according to work in the critique of Gotha Programme in 1875, the theory has been emphasized and pursued because of its criticism and negation of class exploitation and oppression, as well as the emphasis and pursuit of fairness and justice in income distribution. And generally accepted and adopted by socialist countries. Marxists such as Lenin, Mao Zedong, Deng Xiaoping, Jiang Zemin, Jiang Zemin, and other Marxists have long, painstakingly explored and practiced the theory of distribution according to work, although after a long period of exploration and practice, The distribution system according to work in our country has occupied the main position in the income distribution system, and the theory of distribution according to work has also been developed and deepened in practice, but it is undeniable that, There are still many problems in the distribution system according to work in China. This paper aims to review and comb the formation and development of Marx's theory of distribution according to work. As well as the comparison and analysis between Marx's theory of distribution according to work and the present situation of distribution according to work in China, to illustrate the problems existing in the distribution system according to work in our country. The paper firstly reviews and combs the formation and development of Marx's theory of distribution according to work. The second chapter expounds Marx's distribution according to work. The background and origin of the theory of matching, The content of the theory of distribution according to work is interpreted, and the historical significance of the theory of distribution according to work is summed up. Chapter three expounds the historical conditions that Lenin faced during the period of socialist construction under the leadership of the Soviet Union. And his further supplement and perfection to Marx's theory of distribution according to work, and pointed out that Lenin's practice of distribution according to work has realized the unity of practical spirit and humanism. Chapter 4th introduces Mao Zedong's understanding and practice of the principle of distribution according to work, and appraises the practice of distribution according to work. Hu Jintao discussed the practice of distribution according to work with his own characteristics, and pointed out that the practice of the principle of distribution according to work by three generations of leading collectives has greatly enriched and developed Marx's theory of distribution according to work. It also makes the income distribution system of our country more and more close to Marx's theory of distribution according to work. After reviewing and combing the formation and development of Marx's theory of distribution according to work, Chapter 6th compares Marx's theory of distribution according to work with the present situation of distribution according to work in our country, and points out that the distribution system according to work in our country has a lack of main body status, and the implementation of system is not standard. The social security needs to be promoted, and it is pointed out that in the primary stage of socialism, our country must adhere to and improve the distribution system according to work, and correctly handle the relationship between distribution according to work and distribution according to factors of production. The relationship between labor income and national income, distribution according to work and social security, and the relationship between government administrative expenditure and social security expenditure.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F092.7;F014.4

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