本文關鍵詞： 創(chuàng)新勞動 價值構成 價值度量 價值實現　出處：《江西財經大學》2009年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】： 理論創(chuàng)新、科技創(chuàng)新和制度創(chuàng)新已成為了當代世界經濟和社會發(fā)展的一個重要特征,創(chuàng)新勞動已經成為推動社會經濟發(fā)展的主導勞動形式。在這種時代背景下,許多學者都對創(chuàng)新勞動理論提出了自己的看法,在他們研究的基礎上,本文對其創(chuàng)新勞動的價值構成、度量與分配部分進行了較為深入的研究。 本文在分析馬克思主義關于勞動價值基本理論的基礎上,采用定性分析和定量分析、理論分析和實證分析相結合的方法,對“創(chuàng)新”、“勞動”和“價值”進行了歷史的考察,對創(chuàng)新勞動進行了兩種性質的分類,提出了創(chuàng)新勞動價值的四個主要組成部分以及創(chuàng)新勞動價值構成公式:并通過對兩種典型價值度量方式優(yōu)缺點的分析,提出了影響創(chuàng)新勞動價值度量的五個重要方面以及創(chuàng)新勞動價值度量公式;分析創(chuàng)新勞動價值實現的特點和方式:提出了創(chuàng)新勞動的分配原則和分配方式。全文除導言和結論部分外分為四個部分 導論:介紹了問題提出的時代背景,對選題的意義、研究現狀、研究思路和研究方法進行了闡述。 第一章:創(chuàng)新勞動從性質上可以劃分為被證實失敗的創(chuàng)新勞動、受時空條件限制暫未被證實的的創(chuàng)新勞動、基本證實且應用于生產實踐的創(chuàng)新勞動三種,從創(chuàng)新內容上可以劃分為知識創(chuàng)新勞動、技術創(chuàng)新勞動、制度創(chuàng)新勞動三種。 創(chuàng)新勞動價值構成主要包括創(chuàng)新勞動的首創(chuàng)和唯一性(包括較長勞動時間的特點)、創(chuàng)新勞動者的額外教育成本、創(chuàng)新勞動勞動資料的價值量以及創(chuàng)新勞動者的高勞動強度四個主要方面。 第二章:創(chuàng)新勞動價值度量的五個結論:創(chuàng)新勞動創(chuàng)造的價值實體是商品中凝結的人類無差別的抽象勞動;創(chuàng)新勞動作為具體勞動具有唯一性,沒有其它可供比較的具體勞動,這種情況下的社會必要勞動時間也就是它們的個別勞動時間;創(chuàng)新勞動的社會必要勞動時間即個別勞動時間在度量價值時應該乘以創(chuàng)新勞動者的智力成本系數;創(chuàng)新勞動的社會必要勞動時間即個別勞動時間在度量價值時必需乘以此種勞動的勞動強度系數;在度量創(chuàng)新勞動價值時還必需加上創(chuàng)新勞動的高價值生產資料轉移的那一部分價值。 第三章:創(chuàng)新勞動價值實現的基本特點包括三個方面:一般情況下,從價值實現的整個過程來說,創(chuàng)新勞動所創(chuàng)造的價值量、剩余價值量往往大于其所能實現的價值量,剩余價值量:隨著科學技術活動的職業(yè)化和創(chuàng)新勞動的普遍化,創(chuàng)新勞動的價值創(chuàng)造和價值實現之間的界線越來越模糊,難以截然分開,以至于渾然一體;創(chuàng)新勞動所創(chuàng)造價值的實現方式大部分是通過市場競爭完成的,究竟能夠實現多少價值不僅和創(chuàng)新勞動成果本身所包含的價值量的多少有關,而且還和企業(yè)家在推廣中所付出的成本、勞動尤其是創(chuàng)新勞動的多少有著直接的關系。 創(chuàng)新勞動價值的實現在常規(guī)勞動的薪酬基礎上應該增加的幾種薪酬激勵方式:短期薪酬激勵、股票期權和股份獎勵。 第四章:按“創(chuàng)”分配。按“創(chuàng)”分配體現了對創(chuàng)新勞動價值的尊重,包括兩個方面的內容:一是按“創(chuàng)”分配的主要依據是創(chuàng)新勞動,二是按“創(chuàng)”分配的主體的創(chuàng)新勞動者。 創(chuàng)新勞動的分配方式包括知識創(chuàng)新勞動的價值分配、技術創(chuàng)新勞動的價值分配和管理創(chuàng)新勞動的價值分配三個方面。 正如人的發(fā)展、社會的發(fā)展是一個漸進的過程一樣,創(chuàng)新勞動的發(fā)展也是一個漸進的過程,我們對創(chuàng)新勞動的研究同樣是一個永無止境的過程。
[Abstract]:The theory of innovation, technological innovation and institutional innovation has become an important characteristic of the contemporary world economic and social development, innovative labor has become the dominant form of labor in promoting economic and social development. In this background, many scholars have put forward their views on the innovation of labor theory, on the basis of their research, the value of this on the innovation of labor structure, measurement and distribution are studied.
Based on the analysis on Marx's theory of labor value, using qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis, the method of combining theoretical analysis and empirical analysis, the "innovation", "make a study of the history of labor" and "value", working on innovation are classified two kinds, and puts forward the innovation of labor the value of the four main parts and the constitution of the value of innovative formula: and through the analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of two kinds of typical value measure, proposed the influence of the measurement of the value of innovative five important aspects of innovation and labor value measurement formula; analysis of characteristics and ways of realization of the value of innovative labor: put forward the principle of distribution and distribution the way of innovation labor. Besides the introduction and conclusion is divided into four parts
Introduction: This paper introduces the background of the question, the significance of the topic, the status of the research, the thinking and methods of research.
The first chapter: from the nature of innovative labor can be divided into confirmed failure of innovative labor is limited by time and space has not been confirmed by innovative labor, basically confirmed and should be used in production practice of innovative labor three, from the content of innovation can be divided into knowledge innovation labor, technological innovation labor, innovative labor system three.
The composition of innovative labor value mainly includes four aspects: the initiative and uniqueness of innovative labor, including the characteristics of long working hours, the extra cost of education for innovating labourers, the value of innovating labor labor materials and the high labor intensity of innovative workers.
The second chapter: the five conclusion: the measurement of the value of innovative labor to create value innovation entities that abstract human differences no condensation in commodities; innovative labor as specific labor has uniqueness, no other comparable specific labor, social necessary labor time in this case is the individual labor of their time; the social necessary labor time of innovation labor individual labor time should the intelligence cost multiplied by the coefficient in the measurement of the value of innovative labor; the social necessary labor time of innovation labor that individual labor time required labor intensity multiplied by the coefficient in the measurement of the value of the labor; in measure of the value of innovative labor is necessary to add a part of the value of innovative labor the high value of production data transfer.
The third chapter: the basic characteristics of realization of the value of innovative labor includes three aspects: general situation, from the whole process of the realization of the value of the value of innovation, created by labor, surplus value is often greater than the value of the surplus value can be achieved, with the activities of science and technology occupation and innovative labor. Generally, the boundary between innovative labor value creation and value realization become increasingly blurred, difficult to separate, so that labor creates innovation all blend into one harmonious whole; most of the value realization is completed through market competition, how to realize how much value not only in quantity and value innovation labor itself contains much information, but also entrepreneurs in the promotion and pay the cost of labor, especially how much innovation labor has a direct relationship.
The realization of innovative labor value should increase several ways of salary incentive based on the salary of regular labor: short-term salary incentive, stock option and share reward.
The fourth chapter: distribution according to "Chuang". According to the "innovation" distribution, it reflects the respect for the value of innovative labor, including two aspects: first, the distribution of innovation is mainly based on innovative labor, and the two is the innovative laborers who are allocated according to the "creativity".
The distribution mode of innovative labor includes three aspects: the value distribution of the knowledge innovation labor, the value distribution of the technological innovation labor and the value distribution of the management innovation labor.
Just like human development and social development is a gradual process, the development of innovative labor is also a gradual process. Our research on innovative labor is also a never-ending process.

【學位授予單位】：江西財經大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2009
【分類號】：F014.2

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