本文選題：行業(yè)協(xié)會 + 治理　； 參考：《首都經濟貿易大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：由政府組織和國家機制構成的政府部門，以及由企業(yè)組織和市場機制構成的市場部門，是構成現代社會的兩大重要組成部分。然而隨著經濟的發(fā)展，很多國家和地區(qū)頻繁出現市場失靈和政府失靈，這就要求我們在政府和市場之外構建第三部門。20世紀70年代以來，非營利組織在世界范圍內興起，很大程度上解決了單方面靠市場機制調節(jié)經濟和政府過度干預市場的兩種極端行為。 在社會轉型期，非營利組織在我國正發(fā)揮著不可替代的重要作用。黨的十六大和十六屆三中全會提出建設“服務型政府”，在政府由管制型政府向服務型政府轉變的今天，政府作為社會系統(tǒng)的有機組建成部分，不能大事小事全部管、眉毛胡子一把抓。應當把該放的放到市場、放到社會組織，因此，應當充分發(fā)揮非營利組織的服務性、公益性、中介性，構建富強、民主、文明、和諧的社會。黨的十八屆三中全會提出“限期實現行業(yè)協(xié)會商會與行政機關真正脫鉤，重點培育和優(yōu)先發(fā)展行業(yè)協(xié)會商會類、科技類、公益慈善類、城鄉(xiāng)社區(qū)服務類社會組織，成立時直接依法申請登記。” 行業(yè)協(xié)會作為行業(yè)自律的一種制度安排，在規(guī)范市場秩序、促進行業(yè)自律、加快行業(yè)發(fā)展方面起到越發(fā)重要的作用。隨著行業(yè)協(xié)會的不斷發(fā)展壯大，將逐步形成“政府——企業(yè)——行業(yè)協(xié)會”的現代社會組織結構，在整體上發(fā)揮功能互補的作用。首先，行業(yè)協(xié)會作為非政府組織，其具有天然的服務性、創(chuàng)新性、承擔風險性等職能優(yōu)勢，通過對行業(yè)協(xié)會的有效治理，能夠提高政府行政效能，促進決策的民主化、科學化、法制化，從而推動服務型政府的建設。其次，行業(yè)協(xié)會作為行業(yè)自律的一種制度安排，將其納入公共治理的結構框架下，能夠促進政府職能的轉移，進一步整合社會資源，便于規(guī)范市場秩序。但是，行業(yè)協(xié)會作為非政府組織，，也會頻繁出現失靈，這已經成為其健康持續(xù)發(fā)展的障礙。因此，探討構建合適并有利于行業(yè)協(xié)會健康發(fā)展的治理結構，提出科學、有效的治理機制是一個迫切并緊要的問題。 本文的創(chuàng)新點在于，通過對行業(yè)協(xié)會作為非營利組織在職能和機構等方面的特殊性分析，在公司法人治理結構理論和公共治理結構框架下，構建一套完整、科學、有效的治理機制，為行業(yè)協(xié)會的健康發(fā)展提供理論指導。
[Abstract]:The government departments composed of government organizations and national mechanisms, and the market departments composed of enterprise organizations and market mechanisms, are two important components of modern society. However, with the development of economy, many countries and regions frequently appear market failure and government failure, which requires us to construct the third sector outside the government and market. Since the 1970s, non-profit organizations have emerged all over the world. To a large extent, to solve the unilateral market mechanism to regulate the economy and excessive government intervention in the market two extremes. In the social transition period, non-profit organizations are playing an irreplaceable important role in our country. The 16th National Congress of the Party and the third Plenary session of the 16th CPC Central Committee proposed the construction of a "service-oriented government". Today, when the government is changing from a government-oriented government to a service-oriented government, the government, as an organic part of the social system, cannot manage all major and minor matters. Eyebrow and moustache scratched. Therefore, we should give full play to the service, public welfare, intermediary nature of non-profit organizations, and build a prosperous, democratic, civilized and harmonious society. The third Plenary session of the 18th Central Committee of the CPC proposed that "realize the real decoupling of trade associations and chambers of commerce from administrative organs within a time limit, and focus on fostering and giving priority to the development of trade associations, science and technology, public welfare and charity, and social organizations of urban and rural community service," Upon its establishment, it shall directly apply for registration in accordance with the law. " As a system arrangement of industry self-discipline, trade association plays an increasingly important role in regulating market order, promoting industry self-discipline and accelerating industry development. With the continuous development and growth of trade associations, the modern social organizational structure of "Government-enterprise-trade association" will be gradually formed, which will play a complementary role on the whole. First of all, as a non-governmental organization, the trade association has the advantages of natural service, innovation, risk-taking and so on. Through the effective governance of the trade association, it can improve the administrative efficiency of the government, promote the democratization and scientization of decision-making. Legal system, thus promoting the construction of service-oriented government. Secondly, as a kind of system arrangement of industry self-discipline, trade association can promote the transfer of government function, further integrate social resources, and standardize market order by bringing it into the framework of public governance. However, as a non-governmental organization, trade associations often fail, which has become an obstacle to their healthy and sustainable development. Therefore, it is an urgent and urgent problem to discuss the construction of appropriate governance structure which is conducive to the healthy development of trade associations and to put forward a scientific and effective governance mechanism. The innovation of this paper lies in the analysis of the particularity of the trade association as a non-profit organization in the aspects of function and organization, and under the framework of corporate corporate governance structure and public governance structure, to construct a set of integrity and science. Effective governance mechanism to provide theoretical guidance for the healthy development of trade associations.
【學位授予單位】：首都經濟貿易大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F203;D632.9

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