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碳交易機(jī)制對(duì)國(guó)際商務(wù)環(huán)境結(jié)構(gòu)性影響分析

發(fā)布時(shí)間:2018-01-21 03:01

  本文關(guān)鍵詞: 國(guó)際貿(mào)易 碳交易機(jī)制 影響因素 碳金融 出處:《中國(guó)海洋大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文 論文類型:學(xué)位論文


【摘要】:2005年《京都議定書(shū)》正式生效后,全球的碳交易市場(chǎng)進(jìn)入快速增長(zhǎng)時(shí)期,它的迅速發(fā)展使人們對(duì)它的潛力產(chǎn)生了新的認(rèn)識(shí)。隨著碳交易市場(chǎng)漸趨成熟,參與的國(guó)家數(shù)量在不斷的增多,市場(chǎng)結(jié)構(gòu)也正向多層次深化。雖然自2009年以后,由于國(guó)際碳價(jià)的持續(xù)下跌,全球碳交易額逐年減少,但碳交易量依舊保持持續(xù)上升的勁頭,碳交易市場(chǎng)前景廣闊。 國(guó)際貿(mào)易與商務(wù)環(huán)境發(fā)生密切聯(lián)系是基于經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化、貿(mào)易自由化和可持續(xù)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略思想三個(gè)基本背景。本文的邏輯體系是從理論出發(fā),沿著國(guó)際貿(mào)易發(fā)展的軌跡層層深入地展開(kāi)研究,探討不同階段下國(guó)際商務(wù)環(huán)境的特點(diǎn),體現(xiàn)了理論與實(shí)踐的統(tǒng)一。 為使研究成果更加客觀、科學(xué)和具有全面性,文章借鑒大量學(xué)者的研究模式,主要采用定性分析的研究方法,比較分析與歸納法系相結(jié)合,通過(guò)對(duì)國(guó)際貿(mào)易方式、國(guó)際商務(wù)環(huán)境以及碳交易機(jī)制相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)的全面搜集、歸納整理和深入分析,系統(tǒng)闡述國(guó)際商務(wù)環(huán)境的演化過(guò)程,為論文研究提供基礎(chǔ)。 本文首先分析了傳統(tǒng)的貨物貿(mào)易下國(guó)際商務(wù)環(huán)境的特點(diǎn),人類歷史上真正大規(guī)模貿(mào)易的產(chǎn)生源于地理大發(fā)現(xiàn),這種早期的商品貿(mào)易的產(chǎn)生與發(fā)展主要受自然環(huán)境和生產(chǎn)技能的影響。商品貿(mào)易的發(fā)展帶動(dòng)了交通運(yùn)輸業(yè)、金融服務(wù)業(yè)等領(lǐng)域的發(fā)展,從而促使了服務(wù)貿(mào)易的發(fā)展。第二次世界大戰(zhàn)以后,國(guó)際貿(mào)易對(duì)國(guó)際商務(wù)經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化、政治政策以及自然環(huán)境產(chǎn)生了極其深遠(yuǎn)的影響,尤其是服務(wù)貿(mào)易和技術(shù)貿(mào)易的發(fā)展極大的促進(jìn)了國(guó)際垂直分工和水平分工的深化和擴(kuò)大,促進(jìn)商品結(jié)構(gòu)向高級(jí)化發(fā)展。 碳排放交易是國(guó)際環(huán)境合作的重要內(nèi)容,,也是環(huán)境經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)和制度經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)在國(guó)際貿(mào)易方面的比較新穎的應(yīng)用研究領(lǐng)域。本文在對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外的研究成果進(jìn)行綜述的基礎(chǔ)上,采用結(jié)構(gòu)分析法,分析了碳交易市場(chǎng)的基本理論基礎(chǔ),并對(duì)碳交易機(jī)制的績(jī)效進(jìn)行分析。結(jié)果表明碳交易市場(chǎng)機(jī)制不僅可以改善環(huán)境質(zhì)量,還也可以實(shí)現(xiàn)資源的優(yōu)化配置,降低發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家的減排成本,促使發(fā)展中國(guó)家可持續(xù)發(fā)展,提高了企業(yè)能效。同時(shí)碳交易機(jī)制促使金融工具的創(chuàng)新,影響了全球貨幣體系。 本文在兩個(gè)方面具有創(chuàng)新之處:首先研究思路的創(chuàng)新。文章系統(tǒng)的探究了不同貿(mào)易階段下商務(wù)環(huán)境的變化,分析每種因素變化的原因,這對(duì)于探索國(guó)際貿(mào)易發(fā)生和發(fā)展的約束機(jī)制,把握國(guó)際貿(mào)易演變的規(guī)律和方向,保障和推動(dòng)國(guó)際貿(mào)易持續(xù)穩(wěn)定的發(fā)展,具有重要的意義。其次研究角度的創(chuàng)新。碳排放交易作為一種新興的貿(mào)易方式,雖然就目前狀況來(lái)看,碳市低迷,CDM市場(chǎng)已名存實(shí)亡,但新興市場(chǎng)的逐步崛起,或?yàn)槟壳暗膰?guó)際碳市場(chǎng)打破僵局,因此碳交易的前景仍然樂(lè)觀。探究未來(lái)國(guó)際商務(wù)環(huán)境可能發(fā)生的變化,可以為政府和企業(yè)制定相關(guān)政策和戰(zhàn)略提供理論依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:After the Kyoto Protocol came into effect in 2005, the global carbon trading market has entered into a period of rapid growth, and its rapid development has made people have a new understanding of its potential. With the carbon trading market gradually maturing. The number of participating countries is increasing, and the market structure is deepening at different levels. Although since 2009, the global carbon trading volume has decreased year by year because of the continuous decline of international carbon price. But carbon trading volume still keeps rising momentum, carbon trading market prospects are broad. The close relationship between international trade and business environment is based on the three basic backgrounds of economic globalization, trade liberalization and sustainable development strategy. Along the track of the development of international trade, the research is carried out in depth, and the characteristics of the international business environment in different stages are discussed, which embodies the unity of theory and practice. In order to make the research results more objective, scientific and comprehensive, this paper uses the research model of a large number of scholars, mainly using qualitative analysis research method, comparative analysis and induction method combined. By collecting, summarizing and analyzing the relevant documents of international trade mode, international business environment and carbon trading mechanism, this paper systematically expounds the evolution process of international business environment, which provides the basis for the research of this paper. This paper first analyzes the characteristics of the international business environment under the traditional trade in goods. The real large-scale trade in human history originated from the geographical discovery. The emergence and development of this early commodity trade is mainly affected by natural environment and production skills. The development of commodity trade has led to the development of transportation, financial services and other fields. After the second World War, international trade had a profound impact on the international business economy, culture, political policy and natural environment. Especially, the development of service trade and technology trade has greatly promoted the deepening and expanding of international vertical and horizontal division of labor, and promoted the development of commodity structure to higher level. Carbon emissions trading is an important part of international environmental cooperation. It is also a relatively novel applied research field of environmental economics and institutional economics in international trade. Based on the review of domestic and foreign research results, this paper adopts structural analysis method. The basic theoretical basis of carbon trading market is analyzed, and the performance of carbon trading mechanism is analyzed. The results show that carbon trading market mechanism can not only improve the environmental quality, but also achieve the optimal allocation of resources. Reducing the cost of reducing emissions in developed countries, promoting sustainable development in developing countries and improving corporate energy efficiency, and carbon trading mechanisms have contributed to innovation in financial instruments and to the global monetary system. This paper has two aspects of innovation: first, the innovation of ideas. The article systematically explores the changes in the business environment in different trade stages, and analyzes the reasons for the changes of each factor. This will help to explore the binding mechanism for the occurrence and development of international trade, grasp the law and direction of the evolution of international trade, and ensure and promote the sustained and stable development of international trade. Carbon emissions trading as a new way of trade, although the current situation, the carbon market downturn has survived the CDM market. But the gradual rise of emerging markets, or break the deadlock for the current international carbon market, carbon trading prospects remain optimistic. Explore the future of the international business environment may change. It can provide theoretical basis for government and enterprises to formulate relevant policies and strategies.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:中國(guó)海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2014
【分類號(hào)】:F205;F752

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