本文關(guān)鍵詞：S快遞公司最后一公里配送優(yōu)化研究　出處：《華南理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 最后一公里 循環(huán)取貨 人員配置 車(chē)輛路線規(guī)劃

【摘要】：在電商行業(yè)的帶動(dòng)下,快遞行業(yè)快速發(fā)展。但近年由于競(jìng)爭(zhēng)激烈、各項(xiàng)成本上升,快遞也已逐步進(jìn)入瓶頸階段。在這種大環(huán)境下,提高資源效能、降低成本是各快遞公司無(wú)一不考慮的問(wèn)題。“最后一公里"配送,指快遞公司將貨物配送到最終客戶(hù)手中(或從客戶(hù)手中收集貨物,參加中轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)輸)的過(guò)程,是快遞公司與客戶(hù)接觸的末端環(huán)節(jié)。在這一環(huán)節(jié),不僅體現(xiàn)快遞公司的服務(wù)形象,也集中了快遞公司大部分的資源來(lái)服務(wù)客戶(hù)。因此,管理好最后一公里配送環(huán)節(jié),是成本控制、提升效能的關(guān)鍵工作。本文對(duì)S公司實(shí)際運(yùn)作過(guò)程進(jìn)行分析。從貨物被寄件人寄出,參加快遞公司各節(jié)點(diǎn)、網(wǎng)點(diǎn)之間的中轉(zhuǎn),最后配送給客戶(hù)的整個(gè)過(guò)程分析,總結(jié)出“勞動(dòng)力”和“車(chē)輛"是“最后一公里"基本要素。從勞動(dòng)力在運(yùn)作中引發(fā)的問(wèn)題,運(yùn)用統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)進(jìn)行分析并提出三個(gè)解決方案:1)“優(yōu)化勞動(dòng)力結(jié)構(gòu)和時(shí)間”,根據(jù)全職和兼職人員的工作效能和成本不同,靈活用工,使投入的勞動(dòng)力數(shù)量更好的匹配貨量的波動(dòng);2)“貨物在各時(shí)段滯留優(yōu)化”,即依據(jù)各快遞產(chǎn)品時(shí)效差異,使各時(shí)段快遞件數(shù)分布更平均,減少因貨量波動(dòng)引起的勞動(dòng)力浪費(fèi);3)“收派模式優(yōu)化-智能儲(chǔ)物柜”,用機(jī)器取代人員,減少時(shí)間耗費(fèi),提升效能。運(yùn)用運(yùn)籌學(xué)理論使用整數(shù)線性規(guī)劃的方法,對(duì)這三項(xiàng)措施逐一進(jìn)行定量分析,得出人員勞動(dòng)的最優(yōu)結(jié)果。車(chē)輛接駁路線管理,是“最后一公里”的另一重要因素。本文根據(jù)企業(yè)用車(chē)的現(xiàn)狀并綜合將來(lái)倉(cāng)庫(kù)搬遷的計(jì)劃,運(yùn)用節(jié)約式算法的理論,對(duì)倉(cāng)庫(kù)搬遷后兩個(gè)倉(cāng)庫(kù)服務(wù)區(qū)域的范圍進(jìn)行重新測(cè)算劃分,對(duì)各自服務(wù)區(qū)域的車(chē)輛行駛路徑進(jìn)行整理。在滿足車(chē)輛容積不超載、運(yùn)行時(shí)間不超時(shí)的情況下,運(yùn)用節(jié)約式算法,算出兩區(qū)域所需要車(chē)輛的最少數(shù)量,以及每輛車(chē)�？奎c(diǎn)的先后順序。最后,通過(guò)對(duì)比實(shí)施措施前后的數(shù)據(jù),成本的降低、時(shí)效指標(biāo)改善、客戶(hù)和員工滿意度有所提高,來(lái)驗(yàn)證方案的有效性。
[Abstract]:In the electricity industry driven by the rapid development of the express delivery industry. But in recent years, due to intense competition, the rise in the cost of delivery has gradually entered the bottleneck stage. In this environment, improve resource efficiency, reduce the cost of the courier company is not considered. The "last mile" refers to the delivery, express company will the distribution of goods to the final customer (or the customer from the collection of goods in transit) process is the end part of the express company and customer contact. In this part, not only embodies the courier service image, also focused on the courier company most of the resources to serve the customer. Therefore, good management of the last mile distribution link is the cost control, the key to enhance the work efficiency. This article analyzes the actual operation process of S company. The goods are sent from the sender, each node in the courier company, transit network between the most. To analyze the process of customers after the match, summed up the "labor" and "vehicle" is the "last mile". From the basic elements of labor caused problems in operation, using the basic knowledge of statistical analysis and put forward three solutions: 1) "to optimize the structure of labor force and time", according to the working efficiency of full-time and part-time personnel and cost, flexible employment, the amount of labor input, the better the volume fluctuations; 2) "cargo retention optimization" in each period, which is based on the express product aging differences, so that each time a delivery number distribution is more average, reduce the volume caused by fluctuations in the labor waste; 3) "delivery mode optimization - Intelligent lockers, replace the personnel by machine, reduce the time cost, improve efficiency. Using the method of theory using integer linear programming, on the three measures by quantitative analysis, The optimal results of labor. Vehicle feeder route management, is another important factor in the last mile ". According to the present situation and future business vehicles comprehensive warehouse relocation plan, using the saving algorithm theory, re measure the division of the warehouse after the relocation of two warehouse service area, for their service the vehicle path to collate. To meet the vehicle volume overload, running time overtime, by saving algorithm, calculate the two area required minimum number of vehicles, and each car stops in order. Finally, by comparing the data before and after the implementation of measures, to reduce the cost of the aging index improve customer and employee satisfaction has improved, to verify the validity of the scheme.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：華南理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F259.23

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本文編號(hào)：1375261