城市大氣環(huán)境治理創(chuàng)新模式及方法研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-03-16 18:36
【摘要】：在生態(tài)文明建設和霧霾治理大背景下,探索城市大氣環(huán)境治理創(chuàng)新模式,以管理科學化、精益化促進城市永續(xù)發(fā)展,對于推進國家治理體系和治理能力現(xiàn)代化具有重要的理論和現(xiàn)實意義。首先,針對環(huán)境和經(jīng)濟二元對立的發(fā)展模式、短期解決大氣污染的觀點,提出城市大氣環(huán)境治理需要全方位、全過程創(chuàng)新。城市大氣環(huán)境治理創(chuàng)新模式作為一種理論體系或研究范式,是治理主體針對高度人工化的城市大氣環(huán)境,不斷變革管理理念、制度和手段,以實現(xiàn)環(huán)境和經(jīng)濟協(xié)調發(fā)展、持續(xù)改善的決策過程。其次,理念創(chuàng)新方面,提出“管理創(chuàng)新驅動環(huán)境效率改善”假設。以新制度經(jīng)濟學為理論基礎,構建環(huán)境與經(jīng)濟共贏理論框架體系,通過管理、經(jīng)濟、環(huán)境系統(tǒng)逐級傳導,政府環(huán)境管理行為影響環(huán)境效率產(chǎn)生“環(huán)境管理效應”�；诔掷m(xù)改善理論,按照戴明環(huán)建立的自我完善動態(tài)管理體系,內生驅動三系統(tǒng)有序循環(huán),從而實現(xiàn)環(huán)境和經(jīng)濟協(xié)調發(fā)展、持續(xù)改善。再次,制度創(chuàng)新方面,研究城市大氣環(huán)境治理考核制度設計和優(yōu)化問題。首先,考察上級政府三種考核機制對地方政府和產(chǎn)污企業(yè)演化博弈策略穩(wěn)定性的影響。以環(huán)境執(zhí)法結果為導向的考核,地方政府與產(chǎn)污企業(yè)博弈呈現(xiàn)周期性特點。當“環(huán)境管理效應系數(shù)”比較高,即政府努力對環(huán)境質量改善貢獻比較大時,以環(huán)境質量為導向的考核有助于形成演化穩(wěn)定策略。以過程為導向的考核機制中,累進懲罰可達到演化博弈均衡。其次,以地方官員“理性人”為假設,用華北地區(qū)城市面板數(shù)據(jù)建立計量模型發(fā)現(xiàn),地方官員晉升競爭強度對環(huán)境績效具有顯著影響,晉升競爭強度越大,工業(yè)二氧化硫排放強度越高。因此,要改變以GDP為主的考核模式,完善干部政績考核評價體系。最后,以天津市為例進行實證研究。二氧化硫、氮氧化物和煙(粉)塵庫茲涅茲曲線表明,污染物排放量與收入水平關系并不顯著,與政府環(huán)境政策顯著負相關,證明了“管理創(chuàng)新驅動環(huán)境效率改善”假設。大氣污染物環(huán)境庫茲涅茲曲線滯后性比較強,說明環(huán)境質量結果導向考核機制需要考慮環(huán)境管理效應系數(shù)。運用SBM-DEA模型測算天津大氣環(huán)境效率,投入產(chǎn)出變量松弛率和收斂性分析均證明了“管理創(chuàng)新驅動環(huán)境效率改善”假設。
[Abstract]:Under the background of ecological civilization construction and haze management, this paper explores the innovative model of urban atmospheric environment governance in order to promote the sustainable development of the city by scientific management and lean management. It is of great theoretical and practical significance to promote the modernization of national governance system and governance capacity. First of all, in view of the dualistic development mode of environment and economy and the short-term solution of air pollution, it is pointed out that the urban atmospheric environment treatment needs all-round and whole-process innovation. As a theoretical system or research paradigm, the innovative model of urban atmospheric environment governance is aimed at the highly artificial urban atmospheric environment, constantly changes the management concept, system and means, in order to achieve the coordinated development of environment and economy. Continuous improvement in the decision-making process. Secondly, on the aspect of concept innovation, the hypothesis of "management innovation drives environmental efficiency improvement" is put forward. Based on the theory of new institutional economics, the framework system of win-win theory of environment and economy is constructed. Through management, economy and environmental system gradually transmitting, the government's environmental management behavior affects the environmental efficiency to produce "environmental management effect". Based on the theory of continuous improvement, according to the self-improvement dynamic management system established by Deming Ring, it drives the orderly circulation of the three systems endogenously, so as to realize the coordinated development of environment and economy, and the continuous improvement. Thirdly, on the aspect of system innovation, this paper studies the design and optimization of urban atmospheric environment management and assessment system. Firstly, the influence of three assessment mechanisms of higher-level government on the stability of evolutionary game strategy between local government and pollution-producing enterprises is investigated. Based on the results of environmental law enforcement, the game between local government and pollution-producing enterprises is periodic. When the "environmental management effect coefficient" is relatively high, that is, when the government makes great contribution to the improvement of environmental quality, environmental quality-oriented assessment is helpful to form the evolutionary stability strategy. In the process-oriented assessment mechanism, the progressive penalty can reach the evolutionary game equilibrium. Secondly, based on the assumption of "rational person" of local officials, using the urban panel data in North China to establish an econometric model, it is found that the promotion competition intensity of local officials has a significant impact on environmental performance, and the greater the promotion competition intensity, the greater the promotion competition intensity. The higher the intensity of industrial sulfur dioxide emission. Therefore, it is necessary to change the GDP-based assessment mode and improve the evaluation system of cadres' political achievements. Finally, taking Tianjin as an example, an empirical study is carried out. The Kuznets curve of sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxide and smoke (powder) dust shows that the relationship between pollutant emissions and income level is not significant, but is negatively correlated with government environmental policy, which proves the hypothesis that "management innovation drives environmental efficiency improvement". The lag of environmental Kuznets curve of atmospheric pollutants is strong, which indicates that environmental management effect coefficient should be taken into account in the assessment mechanism of environmental quality results. The SBM-DEA model is used to calculate the atmospheric environmental efficiency of Tianjin, the relaxation rate of input-output variables and the convergence analysis prove the hypothesis of "management innovation drives environmental efficiency improvement".
【學位授予單位】：天津大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X51
本文編號：2441861
[Abstract]:Under the background of ecological civilization construction and haze management, this paper explores the innovative model of urban atmospheric environment governance in order to promote the sustainable development of the city by scientific management and lean management. It is of great theoretical and practical significance to promote the modernization of national governance system and governance capacity. First of all, in view of the dualistic development mode of environment and economy and the short-term solution of air pollution, it is pointed out that the urban atmospheric environment treatment needs all-round and whole-process innovation. As a theoretical system or research paradigm, the innovative model of urban atmospheric environment governance is aimed at the highly artificial urban atmospheric environment, constantly changes the management concept, system and means, in order to achieve the coordinated development of environment and economy. Continuous improvement in the decision-making process. Secondly, on the aspect of concept innovation, the hypothesis of "management innovation drives environmental efficiency improvement" is put forward. Based on the theory of new institutional economics, the framework system of win-win theory of environment and economy is constructed. Through management, economy and environmental system gradually transmitting, the government's environmental management behavior affects the environmental efficiency to produce "environmental management effect". Based on the theory of continuous improvement, according to the self-improvement dynamic management system established by Deming Ring, it drives the orderly circulation of the three systems endogenously, so as to realize the coordinated development of environment and economy, and the continuous improvement. Thirdly, on the aspect of system innovation, this paper studies the design and optimization of urban atmospheric environment management and assessment system. Firstly, the influence of three assessment mechanisms of higher-level government on the stability of evolutionary game strategy between local government and pollution-producing enterprises is investigated. Based on the results of environmental law enforcement, the game between local government and pollution-producing enterprises is periodic. When the "environmental management effect coefficient" is relatively high, that is, when the government makes great contribution to the improvement of environmental quality, environmental quality-oriented assessment is helpful to form the evolutionary stability strategy. In the process-oriented assessment mechanism, the progressive penalty can reach the evolutionary game equilibrium. Secondly, based on the assumption of "rational person" of local officials, using the urban panel data in North China to establish an econometric model, it is found that the promotion competition intensity of local officials has a significant impact on environmental performance, and the greater the promotion competition intensity, the greater the promotion competition intensity. The higher the intensity of industrial sulfur dioxide emission. Therefore, it is necessary to change the GDP-based assessment mode and improve the evaluation system of cadres' political achievements. Finally, taking Tianjin as an example, an empirical study is carried out. The Kuznets curve of sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxide and smoke (powder) dust shows that the relationship between pollutant emissions and income level is not significant, but is negatively correlated with government environmental policy, which proves the hypothesis that "management innovation drives environmental efficiency improvement". The lag of environmental Kuznets curve of atmospheric pollutants is strong, which indicates that environmental management effect coefficient should be taken into account in the assessment mechanism of environmental quality results. The SBM-DEA model is used to calculate the atmospheric environmental efficiency of Tianjin, the relaxation rate of input-output variables and the convergence analysis prove the hypothesis of "management innovation drives environmental efficiency improvement".
【學位授予單位】：天津大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X51
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