【摘要】：近年來(lái)隨著我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)飛躍發(fā)展和社會(huì)需求的提高,高速鐵路進(jìn)入了全面發(fā)展時(shí)代,高鐵運(yùn)營(yíng)里程和動(dòng)車(chē)組數(shù)量不斷增加。極大地提高了我國(guó)鐵路客運(yùn)能力,給社會(huì)帶來(lái)了巨大的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益和社會(huì)效益。越來(lái)越多的動(dòng)車(chē)組投入使用,對(duì)動(dòng)車(chē)組在役安全和科學(xué)有效的維修管理提出了更高的要求和挑戰(zhàn)。車(chē)輪作為動(dòng)車(chē)組最重要的部件之一,更是維修研究中的重中之重。車(chē)輪在運(yùn)行過(guò)程中,與軌道不斷接觸,造成輪緣和踏面難以避免的磨耗,對(duì)整個(gè)動(dòng)車(chē)組的行車(chē)安全及穩(wěn)定性產(chǎn)生威脅。為了恢復(fù)車(chē)輪的正常幾何尺寸和確保動(dòng)車(chē)組的運(yùn)行安全,必須對(duì)磨耗車(chē)輪進(jìn)行鏇修或更換。然而,鏇修會(huì)導(dǎo)致車(chē)輪材料的減少和維修成本的增加。如果鏇修量過(guò)大會(huì)導(dǎo)致車(chē)輪過(guò)早報(bào)廢,鏇修量過(guò)少導(dǎo)致鏇修成本增加。因此,"何時(shí)鏇修,鏇修量多少"成為車(chē)輪鏇修策略制定中亟待解決的關(guān)鍵問(wèn)題。針對(duì)該問(wèn)題,本文提出一種基于車(chē)輪周期狀態(tài)檢測(cè)信息的動(dòng)態(tài)鏇修策略,降低車(chē)輪維修成本,延長(zhǎng)其使用壽命。首先通過(guò)對(duì)某編組車(chē)輪測(cè)量數(shù)據(jù)的統(tǒng)計(jì)分析,確定踏面直徑和輪緣厚度磨耗速率的分布,揭示動(dòng)車(chē)組車(chē)輪踏面和輪緣磨耗規(guī)律。同時(shí),根據(jù)鏇修結(jié)果數(shù)據(jù)的統(tǒng)計(jì)和分析,確定鏇修比例系數(shù)的分布規(guī)律,為后續(xù)車(chē)輪鏇修策略的研究奠定基礎(chǔ)。接著,在上述研究的基礎(chǔ)上,將車(chē)輪踏面直徑和輪緣厚度的退化過(guò)程離散成有限的退化狀態(tài),建立二維狀態(tài)空間,以單位期望成本最低為目標(biāo),構(gòu)建基于SMDP的鏇修優(yōu)化模型,并采用策略迭代算法對(duì)模型求解。然后,綜合考慮磨耗和外部沖擊對(duì)車(chē)輪退化過(guò)程的影響,構(gòu)建了基于失效閾值沖擊模型和SMDP的鏇修優(yōu)化模型。最后,在上述建立的磨耗分布和鏇修比例系數(shù)分布基礎(chǔ)上,根據(jù)某編組動(dòng)車(chē)組車(chē)輪的實(shí)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù),將本文提出的動(dòng)態(tài)鏇修策略與固定鏇修策略作比較,驗(yàn)證了提出的動(dòng)態(tài)鏇修策略的有效性。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of economy and the improvement of social demand, high-speed railway has entered a comprehensive development era, and the number of high-speed rail operating mileage and EMU has been increasing. It has greatly improved the capacity of railway passenger transportation in China and brought great economic and social benefits to the society. More and more EMU are put into use, which puts forward higher requirements and challenges to the safety and scientific and effective maintenance management of EMU in service. As one of the most important parts of EMU, wheel is the most important part in maintenance research. In the course of running, the wheels are in constant contact with the track, resulting in the inevitable wear of the flange and the tread, which threatens the driving safety and stability of the whole EMU. In order to restore the normal geometry of the wheel and ensure the safety of the EMU, the wear wheel must be rotated or replaced. However, turning will result in less wheel material and higher maintenance costs. If overhauling results in premature scrapping of wheels, too little trimming results in increased cost. Therefore, "when turning and how much" becomes the key problem to be solved in the strategy of wheel turning. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a dynamic turning repair strategy based on the information of wheel periodic state detection, which can reduce the maintenance cost and prolong the service life of the wheel. Firstly, the distribution of tread diameter and flange thickness wear rate is determined by statistical analysis of the measured data of a certain marshalling wheel, and the wear law of wheel tread and flange of EMU is revealed. At the same time, according to the statistics and analysis of the result data, the distribution law of the turning scale coefficient is determined, which lays a foundation for the study of the subsequent wheel turning strategy. Then, on the basis of the above research, the degradation process of wheel tread diameter and flange thickness is discretized into a finite degenerate state, and a two-dimensional state space is established. With the lowest expected cost per unit as the goal, an optimization model of turning based on SMDP is constructed. And the strategy iterative algorithm is used to solve the model. Then, considering the impact of wear and external impact on wheel degradation process, a failure threshold impact model and a SMDP lathe optimization model are constructed. Finally, on the basis of the distribution of wear distribution and turn-out proportional coefficient, and according to the measured data of a marshalling EMU wheel, this paper compares the dynamic turning repair strategy with the fixed turning repair strategy. The effectiveness of the proposed dynamic turning repair strategy is verified.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：U269

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本文編號(hào)：2212450