本文選題：魯棒優(yōu)化 + 實時調度��； 參考：《山東大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：風力發(fā)電與常規(guī)電源相比具有明顯的不可控性,大規(guī)模的風電并網(wǎng)將使電力系統(tǒng)運行中的不確定性進一步增強,加重電力系統(tǒng)備用負擔。同時,考慮風電的有功調度問題在運用不確定性優(yōu)化方式進行處理時,算法的實用性與結果的最優(yōu)性之間存在矛盾,有待進一步深入研究。針對這一現(xiàn)狀,當前階段,大量研究將優(yōu)化數(shù)學領域的先進方法應用于電力系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)化調度問題,取得了較好的應用效果。其中,魯棒優(yōu)化是一種利用區(qū)間擾動信息,在最劣擾動條件下進行最優(yōu)決策的不確定性優(yōu)化方法,具有基礎數(shù)據(jù)易得、計算效率高、適用于大規(guī)模系統(tǒng)求解等優(yōu)點,對于多類擾動集合具有較好的計算性質。為實現(xiàn)對可接納擾動集合邊界的統(tǒng)籌優(yōu)化,需要進一步解決魯棒優(yōu)化的調度算法利用不確定量的概率分布信息的關鍵問題。本文是電力系統(tǒng)魯棒調度理論在計及風電概率分布信息條件下的完善與發(fā)展,進行的主要工作如下。首先,本文在闡明魯棒優(yōu)化自身特點的基礎上,對魯棒優(yōu)化方法在電力系統(tǒng)機組組合問題中的應用進行了介紹,闡述了連續(xù)性、偶發(fā)性擾動模式下的魯棒優(yōu)化方法建模規(guī)律;然后,介紹了魯棒優(yōu)化方法在經(jīng)濟調度問題中的研究現(xiàn)狀,介紹了三類典型方法,包括自適應魯棒優(yōu)化方法、含仿射矯正過程的實時調度魯棒優(yōu)化方法和最大化可接受擾動范圍魯棒優(yōu)化方法,并對其各自的特點進行了闡述;最后,對該領域研究面臨的關鍵問題和未來的發(fā)展方向進行了探討和分析。然后,針對高比例風電接入的具體問題,分析了傳統(tǒng)魯棒調度中不確定集的構成方式及保守性控制方法,進而,分析了不確定集在描述系統(tǒng)高比例可再生能源接納能力時的不足及改進方向,給出風電功率接納的條件風險價值指標,研究提出了一種計及風電功率概率分布特征的魯棒實時調度方法,依據(jù)系統(tǒng)運行成本與風電接納條件風險價值(conditional value-at-risk,CVaR)雙重指標,按照魯棒優(yōu)化的建模思路構建優(yōu)化模型,對自動發(fā)電控制機組的運行基點及備用容量進行決策,獲得具有統(tǒng)計意義的節(jié)點可接納風電功率的范圍。進而,為了使優(yōu)化調度結果更加符合電力系統(tǒng)的運行實際,將模型中的參與因子同時作為變量進行決策,并分別利用啟發(fā)式交替迭代算法和大M法對由此導致的非線性問題(雙線性項)進行處理,實現(xiàn)了運行基點與參與因子快速有效地協(xié)調決策。方法體現(xiàn)了魯棒優(yōu)化和隨機規(guī)劃方法的融合,調度結果具有概率優(yōu)性,能有效提高電網(wǎng)運行效益且計算效率較高。最后,對簡單6節(jié)點系統(tǒng)及IEEE 118節(jié)點系統(tǒng)的計算與分析驗證了所提出方法的有效性和計算效率。
[Abstract]:Wind power generation has obvious uncontrollability compared with conventional power supply. The large-scale wind power grid connection will further enhance the uncertainty in power system operation and increase the reserve burden of power system. At the same time, there is a contradiction between the practicability of the algorithm and the optimality of the result when considering the active power scheduling problem of wind power, which needs to be further studied. In view of this situation, at present, a large number of advanced methods in the field of optimization mathematics have been studied and applied to the optimal dispatching problem of power system, and good results have been obtained. Among them, robust optimization is an uncertain optimization method for optimal decision making under the condition of the worst disturbance and interval perturbation information. It has the advantages of easy access to basic data, high computational efficiency, and suitable for solving large-scale systems. It has good computational properties for multi-class perturbation sets. In order to realize the overall optimization of the boundary of admissible perturbation set, the key problem of robust optimal scheduling algorithm using the probability distribution information of uncertain variables needs to be solved further. This paper is the improvement and development of the robust dispatching theory of power system under the condition of taking into account the probability distribution information of wind power. The main work of this paper is as follows. Firstly, on the basis of clarifying the characteristics of robust optimization, this paper introduces the application of robust optimization method in power system unit commitment problem, and describes the modeling law of robust optimization method under the mode of continuous and accidental disturbance. Then, the research status of robust optimization method in economic scheduling problem is introduced, and three kinds of typical methods, including adaptive robust optimization method, are introduced. The robust optimization method for real-time scheduling and the robust optimization method for maximizing acceptable disturbance range including affine correction process are presented and their respective characteristics are described. The key problems in this field and the future development direction are discussed and analyzed. Then, aiming at the specific problem of high proportion wind power access, the paper analyzes the structure of uncertain sets and conservative control methods in traditional robust scheduling, and then, In this paper, the shortcomings and improvement direction of uncertain sets in describing the acceptance capacity of high proportion renewable energy of the system are analyzed, and the conditional risk value index of wind power admission is given. In this paper, a robust real-time scheduling method based on the characteristics of wind power probability distribution is proposed. According to the double indexes of system running cost and conditional value-at-risk value (Cvar), the optimization model is constructed according to the idea of robust optimization. The operating base point and reserve capacity of the automatic generation control unit are determined and the range of wind power acceptable to the node with statistical significance is obtained. Furthermore, in order to make the optimal dispatching results more in line with the actual operation of the power system, the participation factors in the model are taken as variables to make the decision at the same time. The heuristic alternating iteration algorithm and the large M method are used to deal with the nonlinear problem (bilinear term), which realizes the fast and effective coordination decision between the basic point and the participation factor. The method embodies the combination of robust optimization and stochastic programming. The scheduling results are probabilistic optimality, which can effectively improve the efficiency of power grid operation and the efficiency of calculation. Finally, the calculation and analysis of simple 6-bus system and IEEE 118-bus system verify the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed method.
【學位授予單位】：山東大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM73

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